asp.net IHttpModule实现权限控制

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-06 16:40:16 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2024-05-06 16:40:16 发布 · 6.3k 阅读

0 ·

CC 4.0 BY-SA版权

文章标签：

#asp.net #assembly #button #path #compilation #authentication

C# 代码同时被 2 个专栏收录

63 篇文章

订阅专栏

ASP.NET

28 篇文章

订阅专栏

本文介绍如何使用ASP.NET的IHttpModule实现权限控制。在开发过程中遇到'会话状态在此上下文中不可用'的问题，通过代码注释提供了解决方案。主要步骤包括：创建网站，建立App_Code文件夹，定义MyHttpModule类，并进行web.config配置，最后通过default.aspx页面的按钮测试验证效果。

摘要生成于 C知道，由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持，前往体验 >

为了在正式项目上应用切面形式的权限控制，今天在IHttpModule上做了一个权限控制的测试项目。

在开发过程中，最郁闷的是碰到“会话状态在此上下文中不可用”的错误了，解决办法见下面的代码注释。

步骤如下：

1、新建网站，添加App_Code文件夹，新建MyHttpModule类，如下：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Web.SessionState;
/// <summary>
///MyHttpModule 的摘要说明
///作者：kogu 2010-03-26 转载请保留
/// </summary>
public class MyHttpModule : IHttpModule
{
    public MyHttpModule()
    {
        //
        //TODO: 在此处添加构造函数逻辑
        //
    }
    #region IHttpModule 成员
    public void Dispose()
    {
    }
    public void Init(HttpApplication context)
    {
        context.AcquireRequestState += new EventHandler(OnAcquireRequestState);
    }
    #endregion
    public void OnAcquireRequestState(Object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        HttpApplication context = sender as HttpApplication;
        //请求路径
        string path = context.Request.Path.ToLower();
        // path.EndsWith(".aspx") 防止出现会话状态在此上下文中不可用错误 
        //非.aspx请求 是没有Session的，将会引发会话状态在此上下文中不可用错误 
        //这里取到的路径path 不会包含Get提交“?”后面的字符串，不用再加以判断了
        if (path.EndsWith(".aspx"))
        {
            //如果是登录页面，给予放行
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["login"]) && path.IndexOf(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["login"].ToLower()) >= 0)
            {
                context.Response.Write("通过登录页面检证");
            }
            else if (context.Session != null && context.Session["Rights"] != null)
            {
                //执行权限鉴定
                List<string> rights = context.Context.Session["Rights"] as List<string>;
                if (!Rights.Path_Right.Keys.Contains<string>(path.Substring(Rights.PrePath.Length)))
                {
                    foreach (string key in Rights.Path_Right.Keys)
                    {
                        if (path.IndexOf(key) >= 0)
                        {
                            Rights.PrePath = path.Substring(0, path.IndexOf(key));
                        }
                    }
                }
                if (Rights.Path_Right.Keys.Contains<string>(path.Substring(Rights.PrePath.Length)) && rights.Contains<string>(Rights.Path_Right[path.Substring(Rights.PrePath.Length)]))
                {
                    context.Response.Write("通过检证");
                }
                else
                {
                    //无权操作，进入无权提标页面，可返回或者重新登录
                    context.Response.Write("无权操作");
                }
            }
            else
            {
                //转到错误页面
                context.Response.Write("错误请求");            }
        }
    }
}
/// <summary>
/// 所有功能权限存放类
/// </summary>
public class Rights
{
    private static string prePath = string.Empty;
    /// <summary>
    /// 路径前缀
    /// </summary>
    public static string PrePath
    {
        get { return Rights.prePath; }
        set { Rights.prePath = value; }
    }
    private static Dictionary<string, string> path_Right = null;
    /// <summary>
    /// 路径功能ID对应字典
    /// </summary>
    public static Dictionary<string, string> Path_Right
    {
        get
        {
            if (path_Right == null)
            {
                path_Right = new Dictionary<string, string>();
                path_Right.Add("/Default.aspx".ToLower(), "1");
            }
            return Rights.path_Right;
        }
        set { Rights.path_Right = value; }
    }
}

2、配置web.config

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!-- 
    注意: 除了手动编辑此文件以外，您还可以使用 
    Web 管理工具来配置应用程序的设置。可以使用 Visual Studio 中的
     “网站”->“Asp.Net 配置”选项。
    设置和注释的完整列表在 
    machine.config.comments 中，该文件通常位于 
    \Windows\Microsoft.Net\Framework\v2.x\Config 中
-->
<configuration>
 <configSections>
  <sectionGroup name="system.web.extensions" type="System.Web.Configuration.SystemWebExtensionsSectionGroup, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35">
   <sectionGroup name="scripting" type="System.Web.Configuration.ScriptingSectionGroup, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35">
    <section name="scriptResourceHandler" type="System.Web.Configuration.ScriptingScriptResourceHandlerSection, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35" requirePermission="false" allowDefinition="MachineToApplication"/>
    <sectionGroup name="webServices" type="System.Web.Configuration.ScriptingWebServicesSectionGroup, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35">
     <section name="jsonSerialization" type="System.Web.Configuration.ScriptingJsonSerializationSection, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35" requirePermission="false" allowDefinition="Everywhere"/>
     <section name="profileService" type="System.Web.Configuration.ScriptingProfileServiceSection, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35" requirePermission="false" allowDefinition="MachineToApplication"/>
     <section name="authenticationService" type="System.Web.Configuration.ScriptingAuthenticationServiceSection, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35" requirePermission="false" allowDefinition="MachineToApplication"/>
     <section name="roleService" type="System.Web.Configuration.ScriptingRoleServiceSection, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35" requirePermission="false" allowDefinition="MachineToApplication"/>
    </sectionGroup>
   </sectionGroup>
  </sectionGroup>
 </configSections>
  <appSettings>
    <add key="login" value="default.aspx" />    
  </appSettings>
 <connectionStrings/>
 <system.web>
  <!-- 
            设置 compilation debug="true" 可将调试符号插入
            已编译的页面中。但由于这会 
            影响性能，因此只在开发过程中将此值 
            设置为 true。
        -->
  <compilation debug="true">
   <assemblies>
    <add assembly="System.Core, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=B77A5C561934E089"/>
    <add assembly="System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/>
    <add assembly="System.Data.DataSetExtensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=B77A5C561934E089"/>
    <add assembly="System.Xml.Linq, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=B77A5C561934E089"/>
   </assemblies>
  </compilation>
  <!--
            通过 <authentication> 节可以配置 ASP.NET 用来 
            识别进入用户的
            安全身份验证模式。 
        -->
  <authentication mode="Windows"/>
  <!--
            如果在执行请求的过程中出现未处理的错误，
            则通过 <customErrors> 节可以配置相应的处理步骤。具体说来，
            开发人员通过该节可以配置
            要显示的 html 错误页
            以代替错误堆栈跟踪。
        <customErrors mode="RemoteOnly" defaultRedirect="GenericErrorPage.htm">
            <error statusCode="403" redirect="NoAccess.htm" />
            <error statusCode="404" redirect="FileNotFound.htm" />
        </customErrors>
        -->
  <pages>
   <controls>
    <add tagPrefix="asp" namespace="System.Web.UI" assembly="System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/>
    <add tagPrefix="asp" namespace="System.Web.UI.WebControls" assembly="System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/>
   </controls>
  </pages>
  <httpHandlers>
   <remove verb="*" path="*.asmx"/>
   <add verb="*" path="*.asmx" validate="false" type="System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptHandlerFactory, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/>
   <add verb="*" path="*_AppService.axd" validate="false" type="System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptHandlerFactory, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/>
   <add verb="GET,HEAD" path="ScriptResource.axd" type="System.Web.Handlers.ScriptResourceHandler, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35" validate="false"/>
  </httpHandlers>
  <httpModules>
   <add name="ScriptModule" type="System.Web.Handlers.ScriptModule, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/>
      <add name="MyHttpModule" type="MyHttpModule"/>
  </httpModules>
 </system.web>
 <system.codedom>
  <compilers>
   <compiler language="c#;cs;csharp" extension=".cs" warningLevel="4" type="Microsoft.CSharp.CSharpCodeProvider, System, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089">
    <providerOption name="CompilerVersion" value="v3.5"/>
    <providerOption name="WarnAsError" value="false"/>
   </compiler>
   <compiler language="vb;vbs;visualbasic;vbscript" extension=".vb" warningLevel="4" type="Microsoft.VisualBasic.VBCodeProvider, System, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089">
    <providerOption name="CompilerVersion" value="v3.5"/>
    <providerOption name="OptionInfer" value="true"/>
    <providerOption name="WarnAsError" value="false"/>
   </compiler>
  </compilers>
 </system.codedom>
 <!-- 
        在 Internet 信息服务 7.0 下运行 ASP.NET AJAX 需要 system.webServer
        节。对早期版本的 IIS 来说则不需要此节。
    -->
 <system.webServer>
  <validation validateIntegratedModeConfiguration="false"/>
  <modules>
   <remove name="ScriptModule"/>
   <add name="ScriptModule" preCondition="managedHandler" type="System.Web.Handlers.ScriptModule, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/>
      <add name="MyHttpModule" type="MyHttpModule"/>
  </modules>
  <handlers>
   <remove name="WebServiceHandlerFactory-Integrated"/>
   <remove name="ScriptHandlerFactory"/>
   <remove name="ScriptHandlerFactoryAppServices"/>
   <remove name="ScriptResource"/>
   <add name="ScriptHandlerFactory" verb="*" path="*.asmx" preCondition="integratedMode" type="System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptHandlerFactory, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/>
   <add name="ScriptHandlerFactoryAppServices" verb="*" path="*_AppService.axd" preCondition="integratedMode" type="System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptHandlerFactory, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/>
   <add name="ScriptResource" preCondition="integratedMode" verb="GET,HEAD" path="ScriptResource.axd" type="System.Web.Handlers.ScriptResourceHandler, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/>
  </handlers>
 </system.webServer>
 <runtime>
  <assemblyBinding xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1">
   <dependentAssembly>
    <assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Extensions" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35"/>
    <bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-1.1.0.0" newVersion="3.5.0.0"/>
   </dependentAssembly>
   <dependentAssembly>
    <assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Extensions.Design" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35"/>
    <bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-1.1.0.0" newVersion="3.5.0.0"/>
   </dependentAssembly>
  </assemblyBinding>
 </runtime>
</configuration>

3、在页面添加两个按纽测试。

default.aspx

<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="Default.aspx.cs" Inherits="_Default" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head runat="server">
    <title></title>
</head>
<body>
    <form id="form1" runat="server">
    <div>
        <asp:Button ID="Button1" runat="server" Text="Button" onclick="Button1_Click" />
        <asp:Button ID="Button2" runat="server" Text="Button" onclick="Button2_Click" />
        <asp:Label ID="Label1" runat="server" Text="Label"></asp:Label>
    </div>
    </form>
</body>
</html>

default.aspx.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
public partial class _Default : System.Web.UI.Page
{
    protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
    }
    protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        Session["Rights"] = new List<string>() { "1", "2", "3" };
    }
    protected void Button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        Label1.Text = Server.MapPath("~");
        
    }
}