C/C++UDP套接字之一般流程

一、UDP套接字服务端架构步骤

1． //初始化套接字环境WSAStartup
2． //初始化地址和端口
3． //创建UDP套接字socket  
4． //绑定端口bind
5． //用recvfrom接收数据
6． //用sendto发送数据
7． //退出或者返回第5步继续  

二、UDP客户端架构步骤

1． //初始化套接字环境WSAStartup
2． //初始化地址和端口
3． //创建UDP套接字socket  
4． //用sendto发送数据
5． //用recvfrom接收数据

三、示例

服务器：

#include <winsock.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <iostream>
#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")

using namespace std;
int main()
{
	/*===================UDP套接字服务端架构步骤=================*/
	printf("server:\n");
	//1、初始化套接字环境WSAStartup		
	WSADATA wsadata;
	int nError = WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsadata);
	if (nError != 0)
	{
		printf("初始化 ERROR\n");
		return -1;
	}

	//2、初始化地址和端口
	unsigned short CPORT = 6556;
	SOCKADDR_IN serverAddr, clientAddr;
	serverAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
	serverAddr.sin_port = htons(CPORT);//端口
	serverAddr.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);//IP

	//3、创建UDP套接字socket	
	SOCKET server = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);//make a socket
	if (server == INVALID_SOCKET)
	{
		printf("create socket failed!\n");
		closesocket(server);
		WSACleanup();
		return -1;
	}

	//4、绑定端口bind
	int retVal = bind(server, (sockaddr*)(&serverAddr), sizeof(serverAddr));//bind socket to address
	if (retVal == SOCKET_ERROR)
	{
		printf("bind failed!\n");
		closesocket(server);
		WSACleanup();
		return -1;
	}

	//5、用recvfrom接收数据
	int len = sizeof(clientAddr);
	while (1)
	{
		char buf[256] = {};
		int r = recvfrom(server, buf, 256, 0, (sockaddr*)&clientAddr, &len);
		if (r == SOCKET_ERROR)
		{
			printf("server 接收数据出错\n");
		}
		UINT uip = clientAddr.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr;
		printf("%s 来自于IP:%d.%d.%d,%d \n", buf, LOBYTE(uip), HIBYTE(uip), LOBYTE(HIWORD(uip)), HIBYTE(HIWORD(uip)));

		//6、用sendto发送数据
		char sbuf[256] = {};
		cin.getline(sbuf, 256);
		sendto(server, sbuf, 256, 0, (sockaddr*)&clientAddr, len);

		//7、退出或者返回第5步继续
	}
	getchar();
	getchar();
	return 0;
}

客户端：

#include <winsock.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <iostream>
#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")

using namespace std;
int main()
{
	/*===================UDP套接字客户端架构步骤=================*/
	printf("client:\n");
	//1、初始化套接字环境WSAStartup		
	WSADATA wsadata;
	int nError = WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsadata);
	if (nError != 0)
	{
		printf("初始化 ERROR\n");
		return -1;
	}

	//2、初始化地址和端口
	unsigned short CPORT = 6556;
	SOCKADDR_IN serverAddr, clientAddr;
	serverAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
	serverAddr.sin_port = htons(CPORT);//端口
	serverAddr.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");//IP

	//3、创建UDP套接字socket	
	SOCKET client = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);//make a socket
	if (client == INVALID_SOCKET)
	{
		printf("create socket failed!\n");
		closesocket(client);
		WSACleanup();
		return -1;
	}

	//6、用sendto发送数据
	while (1)
	{
		char sbuf[256] = {};
		cin.getline(sbuf, 256);
		sendto(client, sbuf, 256, 0, (sockaddr*)&serverAddr, sizeof(serverAddr));


		//5、用recvfrom接收数据
		int len = sizeof(clientAddr);
		char buf[256] = {};
		int r = recvfrom(client, buf, 256, 0, (sockaddr*)&clientAddr, &len);
		if (r == SOCKET_ERROR)
		{
			printf("client 接收数据出错\n");
		}
		UINT uip = clientAddr.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr;
		printf("%s 来自于IP:%d.%d.%d,%d \n", buf, LOBYTE(uip), HIBYTE(uip), LOBYTE(HIWORD(uip)), HIBYTE(HIWORD(uip)));

		//7、退出或者返回第5步继续
	}
	getchar();
	getchar();
	return 0;
}

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