图像由15~32行的代码绘制而成
图像由68~86行的代码绘制而成
summary(cars) table(cars$speed) plot(cars$speed, cars$dist, xlab = expression(speed^" of cars"), ylab = expression(dist^" of cars")) Me <- tapply(cars$dist, cars$speed, mean) Le <- tapply(cars$dist, cars$speed, length) Sd <- tapply(cars$dist, cars$speed, sd) cars.x <- cbind(Me, Le, Sd, Cr) sapply(cars[,1:2], mean) lapply(data.frame(cbind(cars$speed, cars$dist)), mean) cars.lm <- lm(dist ~ speed, cars) plot(cars.lm) #data.frame(cbind(cars$speed, cars$dist, cars$dist / cars$speed)) cars.y <- cars$dist / cars$speed cars.y[cars$dist / cars$speed <= 1] <- 1 cars.y[cars$dist / cars$speed > 1 & cars$dist / cars$speed <= 2] <- 2 cars.y[cars$dist / cars$speed > 2 & cars$dist / cars$speed <= 3] <- 3 cars.y[cars$dist / cars$speed > 3 & cars$dist / cars$speed <= 4] <- 4 cars.y[cars$dist / cars$speed > 4 & cars$dist / cars$speed <= 5] <- 5 cars.y[cars$dist / cars$speed > 5] <- 6 plot(cars$speed, cars$dist, pch = cars.y) plot(cars$speed, cars$dist, pch = 16, col = 3, cex = cars.y) cars.loess <- loess(dist ~ speed, cars) cars.fit <- fitted(cars.loess) cars.order <- order(cars$speed) lines(cars$speed[cars.order], cars.fit[cars.order], lwd = 3, lty = 10) abline(cars.lm) cars$fspeed <- factor(cars$speed, unique(cars$speed), c("a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", "g", "h", "i", "j", "k", "l", "m", "n", "o", "p", "q", "r", "s")) cars$seq <- 1:50 A <- array(A, c(2, 2, 5)) df <- data.frame(cbind(x = 1:10, y = 1:10 * 2, z = 1:10 * 3)) X1 <- 1:5 X1 <- X1 * 3 + 2 X1 <- c(X1, 1:7) X1[X1 %% 5 == 1] pie(X1) barplot(X1) M <- matrix(X1, 7, 5) M.cols <- length(M[1,]) colnames(M) <- paste("0", 1:M.cols, sep = "") print(M) plot.new() box() layout.show( layout(mat = matrix(c(2, 0, 1, 3), nrow = 2, ncol = 2, byrow = TRUE), widths = c(3, 1), heights = c(1, 3), respect = TRUE) ) par(mar = c(3, 1, 3, 2)) plot(M) par(mar = c(0, 1, 0, 3)) boxplot(M[,1], space = 0, frame.plot = FALSE, horizontal = TRUE) par(mar = c(5, 2, 0, 0)) boxplot(M[,2], space = 0, frame.plot = FALSE) layout.show( layout(mat = matrix(c(1, 2, 3, 4), nrow = 2, ncol = 2, byrow = TRUE), widths = c(1, 1), heights = c(1, 1), respect = TRUE) ) par(mar = c(5, 5, 1, 1)) plot(M) X2 <- barplot(M, col = rainbow(10)) arrows(X2, 0, X2, colSums(M) / length(M[,1]), angle = 90, length = 0.5) X3 <- boxplot(M, col = rainbow(20)) #gray(1:5 * 0.15 + 0.1) axis(2, at = 1:5) M.len <- length(M[1,]) M.mean <- X3$stats[3,] text(x = 1:M.len, y = M.mean + 0.5, labels = M.mean, cex = 1.5, srt = 35) par(mar = c(3, 5, 1, 1)) M.selected <- 4 M.selected <- M[,M.selected] M.groupBy <- M[,2] M.mean <- tapply(M.selected, M.groupBy, mean) dotchart(M.selected, labels = M.selected, groups = M.groupBy, gdata = M.mean, gpch = 19) #pairs(M, diag.panel = panel.hist, upper.panel = panel.smooth, lower.panel = panel.cor)
奇奇怪怪码 doubanclaimef1636bd48f2f2f2