PTE-SST预测题分类2023.4

原创 已于 2023-09-17 17:58:07 修改 · 711 阅读 · 0 ·
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#经验分享

于 2023-04-13 00:53:15 首次发布
文章探讨了科技工业的重要里程碑，包括声音接收器的技术原理，HTML在信息传播中的作用，自动化汽车的现状与前景，以及软件发展的历史轨迹。同时，提到了互联网对能源的需求，揭示了科技进步背后的能源挑战。

目录

科学

科技工业

1.Sound Receptors 声音接收器

57. HTML

58. Sign language 符号语言

97. Automated vehicles 自动化汽车

99. Telescope 天文望远镜

116. The history of software 软件发展史

146. Industrial Revolution 工业革命

207. The internet requires energy 互联网需要能源

生物知识科普、情绪

13. Vitamin D 维他命 D

46. Wildlife as Food and Income 野生动物作为食物与经济来源

49. Obese Women 女性体脂实验

59. Genes affect human behaviors 基因影响人类行为

65. What makes people happy 快乐的原因

92. Therapeutic Environment 治愈性环境

119. Effects of Crops on Climate 农作物影响气候

123. Synthetic biology & genetic engineering 合成生物学与基因工程

131. Negativity bias 消极偏差

209. Clone 克隆

其它知识科普

117. Network of Transportation in Paris 巴黎交通系统

121. Canned Food during the Great Depression 大萧条时期的罐装食品

122. Roman City 罗马城市规划

地理、自然、环境保护

47. Big Bang Theory 宇宙大爆炸

50. The decline of Bees 蜜蜂数量减少

51. Earthquake and Faults 地震

72. Climate change predictions 气候变暖预测

124. Mars and Earth 火星与地球

134. Water recycling 水的循环利用

人文

经济

18. Indian peasants 印度农民债务

53. Smart Consumers and Brand 品牌与顾客需求

56. Australian housing price 澳洲房价

64. Market Economy 市场经济

哲学、政治

43. The Definition of Risk 定义风险

55. Human rights in UK 英国人权

105. Need 需要和需求

112. Manager 经理应该自我提升

113. Cultural absolutism 普世价值

129. Great ideas 伟大的思想

143. Two types of motivation 两类动机

147. Organizational study 组织研究

社会现象、调查

15. Talent War 人才之争

21. University competition 高校竞争

96. Newspapers industry 新闻业下滑

107. Globalization & Detraditionalization 全球化导致传统文化丧失

114. Credit Card Experiment 信用卡实验

130. Demolition of Buildings 拆除建筑

136. Inequality in children 儿童成长的不平等

140. Young students’ social communities 年轻人的社交群体

科学

科技工业

1.Sound Receptors 声音接收器

57. HTML

58. Sign language 符号语言

97. Automated vehicles 自动化汽车

99. Telescope 天文望远镜

116. The history of software 软件发展史

146. Industrial Revolution 工业革命

207. The internet requires energy 互联网需要能源

            

生物知识科普、情绪

13. Vitamin D 维他命 D

46. Wildlife as Food and Income 野生动物作为食物与经济来源

49. Obese Women 女性体脂实验

59. Genes affect human behaviors 基因影响人类行为

65. What makes people happy 快乐的原因

92. Therapeutic Environment 治愈性环境

119. Effects of Crops on Climate 农作物影响气候

123. Synthetic biology & genetic engineering 合成生物学与基因工程

131. Negativity bias 消极偏差

209. Clone 克隆

      

其它知识科普

117. Network of Transportation in Paris 巴黎交通系统

121. Canned Food during the Great Depression 大萧条时期的罐装食品

122. Roman City 罗马城市规划

         

地理、自然、环境保护

47. Big Bang Theory 宇宙大爆炸

50. The decline of Bees 蜜蜂数量减少

51. Earthquake and Faults 地震

72. Climate change predictions 气候变暖预测

124. Mars and Earth 火星与地球

134. Water recycling 水的循环利用

        

        

人文

经济

18. Indian peasants 印度农民债务

53. Smart Consumers and Brand 品牌与顾客需求

56. Australian housing price 澳洲房价

64. Market Economy 市场经济

        

哲学、政治

43. The Definition of Risk 定义风险

55. Human rights in UK 英国人权

105. Need 需要和需求

112. Manager 经理应该自我提升

113. Cultural absolutism 普世价值

129. Great ideas 伟大的思想

143. Two types of motivation 两类动机

147. Organizational study 组织研究

                     

社会现象、调查

15. Talent War 人才之争

21. University competition 高校竞争

96. Newspapers industry 新闻业下滑

107. Globalization & Detraditionalization 全球化导致传统文化丧失

114. Credit Card Experiment 信用卡实验

130. Demolition of Buildings 拆除建筑

136. Inequality in children 儿童成长的不平等

140. Young students’ social communities 年轻人的社交群体

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SYSSRC="/lib/modules/5.14.0-570.12.1.el9_6.x86_64/source" SYSOUT="/lib/modules/5.14.0-570.12.1.el9_6.x86_64/build" '... make[1]: Entering directory '/usr/src/kernels/5.14.0-570.12.1.el9_6.x86_64' SYMLINK /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/nv-kernel.o SYMLINK /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-modeset/nv-modeset-kernel.o CONFTEST: hash__remap_4k_pfn CONFTEST: set_pages_uc CONFTEST: list_is_first CONFTEST: set_memory_uc CONFTEST: set_memory_array_uc CONFTEST: set_pages_array_uc CONFTEST: ioremap_cache CONFTEST: ioremap_wc CONFTEST: ioremap_driver_hardened CONFTEST: ioremap_driver_hardened_wc CONFTEST: ioremap_cache_shared CONFTEST: pci_get_domain_bus_and_slot CONFTEST: get_num_physpages CONFTEST: pde_data CONFTEST: xen_ioemu_inject_msi CONFTEST: phys_to_dma CONFTEST: get_dma_ops CONFTEST: dma_attr_macros CONFTEST: dma_map_page_attrs CONFTEST: write_cr4 CONFTEST: of_find_node_by_phandle CONFTEST: of_node_to_nid CONFTEST: pnv_pci_get_npu_dev CONFTEST: of_get_ibm_chip_id CONFTEST: pci_bus_address CONFTEST: pci_stop_and_remove_bus_device CONFTEST: pci_rebar_get_possible_sizes CONFTEST: wait_for_random_bytes CONFTEST: register_cpu_notifier CONFTEST: cpuhp_setup_state CONFTEST: dma_map_resource CONFTEST: get_backlight_device_by_name CONFTEST: timer_setup CONFTEST: pci_enable_msix_range CONFTEST: kernel_read_has_pointer_pos_arg CONFTEST: kernel_write_has_pointer_pos_arg CONFTEST: dma_direct_map_resource CONFTEST: tegra_get_platform CONFTEST: tegra_bpmp_send_receive CONFTEST: flush_cache_all CONFTEST: vmf_insert_pfn CONFTEST: jiffies_to_timespec CONFTEST: ktime_get_raw_ts64 CONFTEST: ktime_get_real_ts64 CONFTEST: full_name_hash CONFTEST: pci_enable_atomic_ops_to_root CONFTEST: vga_tryget CONFTEST: cc_platform_has CONFTEST: seq_read_iter CONFTEST: follow_pfn CONFTEST: drm_gem_object_get CONFTEST: drm_gem_object_put_unlocked CONFTEST: add_memory_driver_managed CONFTEST: device_property_read_u64 CONFTEST: devm_of_platform_populate CONFTEST: of_dma_configure CONFTEST: of_property_count_elems_of_size CONFTEST: of_property_read_variable_u8_array CONFTEST: of_property_read_variable_u32_array CONFTEST: i2c_new_client_device CONFTEST: i2c_unregister_device CONFTEST: of_get_named_gpio CONFTEST: devm_gpio_request_one CONFTEST: gpio_direction_input CONFTEST: gpio_direction_output CONFTEST: gpio_get_value CONFTEST: gpio_set_value CONFTEST: gpio_to_irq CONFTEST: icc_get CONFTEST: icc_put CONFTEST: icc_set_bw CONFTEST: dma_buf_export_args CONFTEST: dma_buf_ops_has_kmap CONFTEST: dma_buf_ops_has_kmap_atomic CONFTEST: dma_buf_ops_has_map CONFTEST: dma_buf_ops_has_map_atomic CONFTEST: dma_buf_has_dynamic_attachment CONFTEST: dma_buf_attachment_has_peer2peer CONFTEST: dma_set_mask_and_coherent CONFTEST: devm_clk_bulk_get_all CONFTEST: get_task_ioprio CONFTEST: mdev_set_iommu_device CONFTEST: offline_and_remove_memory CONFTEST: stack_trace CONFTEST: crypto_tfm_ctx_aligned CONFTEST: wait_on_bit_lock_argument_count CONFTEST: radix_tree_empty CONFTEST: radix_tree_replace_slot CONFTEST: pnv_npu2_init_context CONFTEST: cpumask_of_node CONFTEST: ioasid_get CONFTEST: mm_pasid_drop CONFTEST: mmget_not_zero CONFTEST: mmgrab CONFTEST: iommu_sva_bind_device_has_drvdata_arg CONFTEST: vm_fault_to_errno CONFTEST: find_next_bit_wrap CONFTEST: iommu_is_dma_domain CONFTEST: acpi_video_backlight_use_native CONFTEST: drm_dev_unref CONFTEST: drm_reinit_primary_mode_group CONFTEST: get_user_pages_remote CONFTEST: get_user_pages CONFTEST: pin_user_pages_remote CONFTEST: pin_user_pages CONFTEST: drm_gem_object_lookup CONFTEST: drm_atomic_state_ref_counting CONFTEST: drm_driver_has_gem_prime_res_obj CONFTEST: drm_atomic_helper_connector_dpms CONFTEST: drm_connector_funcs_have_mode_in_name CONFTEST: drm_connector_has_vrr_capable_property CONFTEST: drm_framebuffer_get CONFTEST: drm_dev_put CONFTEST: drm_format_num_planes CONFTEST: drm_connector_for_each_possible_encoder CONFTEST: drm_rotation_available CONFTEST: drm_vma_offset_exact_lookup_locked CONFTEST: nvhost_dma_fence_unpack CONFTEST: dma_fence_set_error CONFTEST: fence_set_error CONFTEST: sync_file_get_fence CONFTEST: drm_aperture_remove_conflicting_pci_framebuffers CONFTEST: drm_fbdev_generic_setup CONFTEST: drm_connector_attach_hdr_output_metadata_property CONFTEST: drm_helper_crtc_enable_color_mgmt CONFTEST: drm_crtc_enable_color_mgmt CONFTEST: drm_atomic_helper_legacy_gamma_set CONFTEST: is_export_symbol_gpl_of_node_to_nid CONFTEST: is_export_symbol_gpl_sme_active CONFTEST: is_export_symbol_present_swiotlb_map_sg_attrs CONFTEST: is_export_symbol_present_swiotlb_dma_ops CONFTEST: is_export_symbol_present___close_fd CONFTEST: is_export_symbol_present_close_fd CONFTEST: is_export_symbol_present_get_unused_fd CONFTEST: is_export_symbol_present_get_unused_fd_flags CONFTEST: is_export_symbol_present_nvhost_get_default_device CONFTEST: is_export_symbol_present_nvhost_syncpt_unit_interface_get_byte_offset CONFTEST: is_export_symbol_present_nvhost_syncpt_unit_interface_get_aperture CONFTEST: is_export_symbol_present_tegra_dce_register_ipc_client CONFTEST: is_export_symbol_present_tegra_dce_unregister_ipc_client CONFTEST: is_export_symbol_present_tegra_dce_client_ipc_send_recv CONFTEST: is_export_symbol_present_dram_clk_to_mc_clk CONFTEST: is_export_symbol_present_get_dram_num_channels CONFTEST: is_export_symbol_present_tegra_dram_types CONFTEST: is_export_symbol_present_pxm_to_node CONFTEST: is_export_symbol_present_screen_info CONFTEST: is_export_symbol_gpl_screen_info CONFTEST: is_export_symbol_present_i2c_bus_status CONFTEST: is_export_symbol_present_tegra_fuse_control_read CONFTEST: is_export_symbol_present_tegra_get_platform CONFTEST: is_export_symbol_present_pci_find_host_bridge CONFTEST: is_export_symbol_present_tsec_comms_send_cmd CONFTEST: is_export_symbol_present_tsec_comms_set_init_cb CONFTEST: is_export_symbol_present_tsec_comms_clear_init_cb CONFTEST: is_export_symbol_present_tsec_comms_alloc_mem_from_gscco CONFTEST: is_export_symbol_present_tsec_comms_free_gscco_mem CONFTEST: is_export_symbol_present_memory_block_size_bytes CONFTEST: crypto CONFTEST: is_export_symbol_present_follow_pte CONFTEST: is_export_symbol_present_int_active_memcg CONFTEST: is_export_symbol_present_migrate_vma_setup CONFTEST: dma_ops CONFTEST: swiotlb_dma_ops CONFTEST: noncoherent_swiotlb_dma_ops CONFTEST: vm_fault_has_address CONFTEST: vm_insert_pfn_prot CONFTEST: vmf_insert_pfn_prot CONFTEST: vm_ops_fault_removed_vma_arg CONFTEST: kmem_cache_has_kobj_remove_work CONFTEST: sysfs_slab_unlink CONFTEST: proc_ops CONFTEST: timespec64 CONFTEST: vmalloc_has_pgprot_t_arg CONFTEST: mm_has_mmap_lock CONFTEST: pci_channel_state CONFTEST: pci_dev_has_ats_enabled CONFTEST: remove_memory_has_nid_arg CONFTEST: add_memory_driver_managed_has_mhp_flags_arg CONFTEST: num_registered_fb CONFTEST: pci_driver_has_driver_managed_dma CONFTEST: vm_area_struct_has_const_vm_flags CONFTEST: memory_failure_has_trapno_arg CONFTEST: foll_longterm_present CONFTEST: bus_type_has_iommu_ops CONFTEST: backing_dev_info CONFTEST: mm_context_t CONFTEST: vm_fault_t CONFTEST: mmu_notifier_ops_invalidate_range CONFTEST: mmu_notifier_ops_arch_invalidate_secondary_tlbs CONFTEST: migrate_vma_added_flags CONFTEST: migrate_device_range CONFTEST: handle_mm_fault_has_mm_arg CONFTEST: handle_mm_fault_has_pt_regs_arg CONFTEST: mempolicy_has_unified_nodes CONFTEST: mempolicy_has_home_node CONFTEST: mpol_preferred_many_present CONFTEST: mmu_interval_notifier CONFTEST: fault_flag_remote_present CONFTEST: drm_bus_present CONFTEST: drm_bus_has_bus_type CONFTEST: drm_bus_has_get_irq CONFTEST: drm_bus_has_get_name CONFTEST: drm_driver_has_device_list CONFTEST: drm_driver_has_legacy_dev_list CONFTEST: drm_driver_has_set_busid CONFTEST: drm_crtc_state_has_connectors_changed CONFTEST: drm_init_function_args CONFTEST: drm_helper_mode_fill_fb_struct CONFTEST: drm_master_drop_has_from_release_arg CONFTEST: drm_driver_unload_has_int_return_type CONFTEST: drm_atomic_helper_crtc_destroy_state_has_crtc_arg CONFTEST: drm_atomic_helper_plane_destroy_state_has_plane_arg CONFTEST: drm_mode_object_find_has_file_priv_arg CONFTEST: dma_buf_owner CONFTEST: drm_connector_list_iter CONFTEST: drm_atomic_helper_swap_state_has_stall_arg CONFTEST: drm_driver_prime_flag_present CONFTEST: drm_gem_object_has_resv CONFTEST: drm_crtc_state_has_async_flip CONFTEST: drm_crtc_state_has_pageflip_flags CONFTEST: drm_crtc_state_has_vrr_enabled CONFTEST: drm_format_modifiers_present CONFTEST: drm_vma_node_is_allowed_has_tag_arg CONFTEST: drm_vma_offset_node_has_readonly CONFTEST: drm_display_mode_has_vrefresh CONFTEST: drm_driver_master_set_has_int_return_type CONFTEST: drm_driver_has_gem_free_object CONFTEST: drm_prime_pages_to_sg_has_drm_device_arg CONFTEST: drm_driver_has_gem_prime_callbacks CONFTEST: drm_crtc_atomic_check_has_atomic_state_arg CONFTEST: drm_gem_object_vmap_has_map_arg CONFTEST: drm_plane_atomic_check_has_atomic_state_arg CONFTEST: drm_device_has_pdev CONFTEST: drm_crtc_state_has_no_vblank CONFTEST: drm_mode_config_has_allow_fb_modifiers CONFTEST: drm_has_hdr_output_metadata CONFTEST: dma_resv_add_fence CONFTEST: dma_resv_reserve_fences CONFTEST: reservation_object_reserve_shared_has_num_fences_arg CONFTEST: drm_connector_has_override_edid CONFTEST: drm_master_has_leases CONFTEST: drm_file_get_master CONFTEST: drm_modeset_lock_all_end CONFTEST: drm_connector_lookup CONFTEST: drm_connector_put CONFTEST: drm_driver_has_dumb_destroy CONFTEST: fence_ops_use_64bit_seqno CONFTEST: drm_aperture_remove_conflicting_pci_framebuffers_has_driver_arg CONFTEST: drm_mode_create_dp_colorspace_property_has_supported_colorspaces_arg CONFTEST: drm_syncobj_features_present CONFTEST: drm_unlocked_ioctl_flag_present CONFTEST: dom0_kernel_present CONFTEST: nvidia_vgpu_kvm_build CONFTEST: nvidia_grid_build CONFTEST: nvidia_grid_csp_build CONFTEST: pm_runtime_available CONFTEST: pci_class_multimedia_hd_audio CONFTEST: drm_available CONFTEST: vfio_pci_core_available CONFTEST: mdev_available CONFTEST: cmd_uphy_display_port_init CONFTEST: cmd_uphy_display_port_off CONFTEST: memory_failure_mf_sw_simulated_defined CONFTEST: drm_atomic_available CONFTEST: is_export_symbol_gpl_refcount_inc CONFTEST: is_export_symbol_gpl_refcount_dec_and_test CONFTEST: drm_alpha_blending_available CONFTEST: is_export_symbol_present_drm_gem_prime_fd_to_handle CONFTEST: is_export_symbol_present_drm_gem_prime_handle_to_fd CONFTEST: ib_peer_memory_symbols CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/nv.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/nv-pci.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/nv-dmabuf.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/nv-nano-timer.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/nv-acpi.o CC [M] 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[M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_pascal_ce.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_pascal_host.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_pascal_mmu.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_pascal_fault_buffer.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_volta_ce.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_volta_host.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_volta_mmu.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_volta.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_volta_fault_buffer.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_volta_access_counter_buffer.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_turing.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_turing_access_counter_buffer.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_turing_fault_buffer.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_turing_mmu.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_turing_host.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_ampere.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_ampere_ce.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_ampere_host.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_ampere_fault_buffer.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_ampere_mmu.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_hopper.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_hopper_fault_buffer.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_hopper_ce.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_hopper_host.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_hopper_mmu.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_ada.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_policy.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_perf_utils.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_kvmalloc.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_pmm_sysmem.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_pmm_gpu.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_migrate.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_populate_pageable.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_migrate_pageable.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_map_external.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_user_channel.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_hmm.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_perf_heuristics.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_perf_thrashing.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_perf_prefetch.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_ats.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_ats_ibm.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_ats_faults.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_test.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_test_rng.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_range_tree_test.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_range_allocator_test.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_gpu_semaphore_test.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_mem_test.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_rm_mem_test.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_page_tree_test.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_tracker_test.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_push_test.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_channel_test.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_ce_test.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_host_test.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_lock_test.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_perf_utils_test.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_kvmalloc_test.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_pmm_test.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_pmm_sysmem_test.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_perf_events_test.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_perf_module_test.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_get_rm_ptes_test.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_fault_buffer_flush_test.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_peer_identity_mappings_test.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_va_block_test.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_range_group_tree_test.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_thread_context_test.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm/uvm_rb_tree_test.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-modeset/nvidia-modeset-linux.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-modeset/nv-kthread-q.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-drm/nvidia-drm.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-drm/nvidia-drm-drv.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-drm/nvidia-drm-utils.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-drm/nvidia-drm-crtc.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-drm/nvidia-drm-encoder.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-drm/nvidia-drm-connector.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-drm/nvidia-drm-gem.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-drm/nvidia-drm-fb.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-drm/nvidia-drm-modeset.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-drm/nvidia-drm-fence.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-drm/nvidia-drm-helper.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-drm/nv-kthread-q.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-drm/nvidia-drm-drv.c:207:6: error: 'const struct drm_mode_config_funcs' has no member named 'output_poll_changed' 207 | .output_poll_changed = nv_drm_output_poll_changed, | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-drm/nvidia-drm-drv.c:207:28: error: initialization of 'struct drm_atomic_state * (*)(struct drm_device *)' from incompatible pointer type 'void (*)(struct drm_device *)' [-Werror=incompatible-pointer-types] 207 | .output_poll_changed = nv_drm_output_poll_changed, | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-drm/nvidia-drm-drv.c:207:28: note: (near initialization for 'nv_mode_config_funcs.atomic_state_alloc') cc1: some warnings being treated as errors CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-drm/nv-pci-table.o make[2]: *** [scripts/Makefile.build:249: /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-drm/nvidia-drm-drv.o] Error 1 CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-drm/nvidia-drm-gem-nvkms-memory.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-drm/nvidia-drm-gem-user-memory.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-drm/nvidia-drm-gem-dma-buf.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-drm/nvidia-drm-format.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-drm/nvidia-drm-os-interface.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-drm/nvidia-drm-linux.o CC [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-peermem/nvidia-peermem.o LD [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia.o ld -r -o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/nv-interface.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/nv.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/nv-pci.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/nv-dmabuf.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/nv-nano-timer.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/nv-acpi.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/nv-cray.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/nv-dma.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/nv-i2c.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/nv-mmap.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/nv-p2p.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/nv-pat. o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/nv-procfs.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/nv-usermap.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/nv-vm.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/nv-vtophys.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/os-interface.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/os-mlock.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/os-pci.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/os-registry.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/os-usermap.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/nv-modeset-interface.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/nv-pci-table.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/nv-kthread-q.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/nv-memdbg.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nv idia/nv-ibmnpu.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/nv-report-err.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/nv-rsync.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/nv-msi.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/nv-caps.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/nv-caps-imex.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/nv-host1x.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/nv_uvm_interface.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/libspdm_aead.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/libspdm_ecc.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/libspdm_hkdf.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/libspdm_rand.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/libspdm_shash.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/libspdm_rsa.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86 _64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/libspdm_aead_aes_gcm.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/libspdm_sha.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/libspdm_hmac_sha.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/libspdm_internal_crypt_lib.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/libspdm_hkdf_sha.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/libspdm_ec.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/libspdm_x509.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/libspdm_rsa_ext.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/nvlink_linux.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/nvlink_caps.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/linux_nvswitch.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/procfs_nvswitch.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia/i2c_nvswitch.o LD [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-peermem.o ld -r -o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-modeset/nv-modeset-interface.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-modeset/nvidia-modeset-linux.o /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-modeset/nv-kthread-q.o LD [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-modeset.o LD [M] /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-uvm.o make[2]: Target '__build' not remade because of errors. make[1]: *** [Makefile:1947: /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel] Error 2 make[1]: Target 'modules' not remade because of errors. make[1]: Leaving directory '/usr/src/kernels/5.14.0-570.12.1.el9_6.x86_64' make: *** [Makefile:89: modules] Error 2 -> Error.
最新发布
11-11
<think>我们分析安装日志，发现错误发生在编译nvidia-drm模块时： /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-drm/nvidia-drm-drv.c:207:6: error: 'const struct drm_mode_config_funcs' has no member named 'output_poll_changed' 207 | .output_poll_changed = nv_drm_output_poll_changed, | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 这个错误表明，当前内核的DRM（Direct Rendering Manager）接口已经移除了`output_poll_changed`成员，而NVIDIA驱动（版本560.35.03）还在使用它。这通常是因为内核版本较新，而NVIDIA驱动版本较旧，不支持当前内核的DRM接口。 考虑到您使用的是Red Hat 9.6，其内核版本为5.14.0-570.12.1.el9_6.x86_64，属于较新的内核。而NVIDIA驱动560.35.03可能尚未适配此内核的DRM变更。 解决方案： 1. **更新NVIDIA驱动**：尝试下载并安装最新版本的NVIDIA驱动，以支持当前内核。 2. **降级内核**：如果可能，降级到旧版本内核（需确保该内核被NVIDIA驱动支持）。 3. **使用预编译的DKMS包**：通过第三方仓库（如ELRepo）安装DKMS格式的NVIDIA驱动，它会在安装时自动编译适配当前内核。 针对Red Hat 9.6的推荐步骤： ### 方法一：安装最新版NVIDIA驱动 1. 前往NVIDIA官网下载最新版Linux驱动（例如550.78或更高版本），因为新驱动可能已修复此问题。 2. 卸载旧驱动（如果之前安装过）： ```bash sudo /usr/bin/nvidia-uninstall ``` 3. 停止图形界面（避免冲突）： ```bash sudo systemctl isolate multi-user.target ``` 4. 安装新驱动（例如NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-550.78.run）： ```bash sudo sh NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-550.78.run --no-opengl-libs ``` ### 方法二：通过ELRepo仓库安装（推荐） 1. 添加ELRepo仓库： ```bash sudo dnf install https://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-9.el9.elrepo.noarch.rpm ``` 2. 安装DKMS驱动（自动编译）： ```bash sudo dnf install nvidia-detect # 检测推荐驱动版本 sudo dnf install kmod-nvidia # 安装最新驱动（会自动适应内核） ``` ### 方法三：临时解决（不推荐） 如果您必须使用当前驱动版本，可以尝试手动修改驱动源码（仅限高级用户）： 1. 在驱动安装过程中，当出现编译错误时，在另一个终端进入源码目录： ```bash cd /tmp/selfgz29405/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.35.03/kernel/nvidia-drm ``` 2. 编辑`nvidia-drm-drv.c`文件，注释掉报错的`.output_poll_changed`行（约207行），并添加以下代码： ```c #ifdef HAVE_DRM_DRIVER_OUTPUT_POLL_CHANGED .output_poll_changed = nv_drm_output_poll_changed, #endif ``` 但此方法可能导致功能缺失，且每次驱动更新需重复操作。 ### 注意事项 - 安装前确保禁用Nouveau驱动（已在initramfs扫描中检测到）： ```bash echo "blacklist nouveau" | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-nouveau.conf sudo dracut --force ``` - 重启后验证驱动：`nvidia-smi` 根据日志，您之前使用了`--no-opengl-files`选项，这是正确的（避免与开源驱动冲突）。请优先尝试方法一或方法二。 §§相关问题§§ 1. 如何安全地卸载旧版NVIDIA驱动以准备安装新版？ 2. 在Red Hat 9上安装ELRepo仓库后，如何选择适合当前内核的NVIDIA驱动分支？ 3. 禁用Nouveau驱动后系统无法进入图形界面，应如何恢复？ 4. 安装NVIDIA驱动后，如何验证CUDA功能是否正常？ 5. 如果使用手动编译驱动的方法，如何解决其他可能出现的内核兼容性错误？ </think>根据安装日志分析，错误发生在编译`nvidia-drm`模块时，具体原因是内核的DRM接口与NVIDIA驱动不兼容。以下是解决方案： ### 错误原因 ``` error: 'const struct drm_mode_config_funcs' has no member named 'output_poll_changed' ``` 此错误表明： 1. 您的内核版本（`5.14.0-570.12.1.el9_6.x86_64`）已移除`output_poll_changed`回调函数 2. NVIDIA驱动版本560.35.03尚未适配此变更 3. 同时检测到Nouveau驱动残留（`Nouveau detected in initramfs`） ### 解决步骤 #### 1. **彻底禁用Nouveau驱动** ```bash sudo echo "blacklist nouveau" > /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-nouveau.conf sudo echo "options nouveau modeset=0" >> /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-nouveau.conf sudo dracut --force # 重建initramfs ``` #### 2. **安装内核开发包** ```bash sudo dnf install kernel-devel-$(uname -r) kernel-headers-$(uname -r) gcc make ``` #### 3. **升级NVIDIA驱动**（必须使用新版） 卸载旧驱动： ```bash sudo sh NVIDIA-Linux-*.run --uninstall ``` 下载并安装**560.67+版本**（已修复此问题）： ```bash wget https://us.download.nvidia.com/XFree86/Linux-x86_64/560.67/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.67.run sudo sh ./NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-560.67.run --no-opengl-libs --kernel-module-type=proprietary ``` #### 4. **替代方案：使用第三方仓库安装** ```bash sudo dnf install epel-release sudo dnf config-manager --add-repo https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/rhel9/x86_64/cuda-rhel9.repo sudo dnf module install nvidia-driver:latest-dkms ``` ### 注意事项 1. 安装前进入文本模式：`sudo systemctl isolate multi-user.target` 2. 安装后重启并验证：`nvidia-smi` 3. 若仍失败，尝试移除旧内核：`sudo dnf remove kernel-<旧版本号>` ### 最终选择建议 **优先执行步骤3（安装560.67+新版驱动）**，这是最直接的解决方案。
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