意义
懒加载(LazyLoad)是前端优化的一种有效方式,能极大的提升用户体验,图片加载是其重点,如果加载图片过多将大大增http请求次数或大小,然而更多时候用户并不会浏览到全部加载进来的图片,这种代价是非常不值得的,所以当用户浏览到当前视口时再去加载相应的图片无疑是两全其美的选择
原理:
图片懒加载:页面加载后只让文档可视区内的图片显示,其它不显示,随着用户对页面的滚动,判断其区域位置,生成img标签,让到可视区的图片加载出来
原生js案例:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title></title>
<style type="text/css">
*{margin:0;padding:0;}
ul{overflow:hidden;}
li{list-style:none;width:10rem;height:12rem;border:1px solid #ccc;box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;float:left;overflow:hidden;position:relative;}
li i{width:20px;height:20px;border-radius:20px;position:absolute;border:2px solid #6feb95;z-index:0;left:50%;top:50%;margin-top:-11px;margin-left:-11px;animation:move 1s infinite;-webkit-animation:move 1s infinite;}
li i:before{position:absolute;width:5px;height:5px;border-radius:4px;content:'';box-shadow:0 0 10px #666;-webkit-box-shadow:0 0 10px #666;background:#fff;border:1px solid #fff;top:-3px;left:50%;margin-left:-3px;}
img{vertical-align:middle;border-width:0;width:100%;position:relative;z-index:1;}
@keyframes move{
0%{
transform:rotateZ(0);
}
100%{
transform:rotateZ(360deg);
}
}
@-webkit-keyframes move{
0%{
-webkit-transform:rotateZ(0);
}
100%{
-webkit-transform:rotateZ(360deg);
}
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<ul>
<li data-src="http://pic.58pic.com/58pic/17/18/97/01U58PIC4Xr_1024.jpg"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://cover.read.duokan.com/mfsv2/download/fdsc3/p01N203pHTU7/Wr5314kcLAtVCi.jpg!t"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://77fkxu.com1.z0.glb.clouddn.com/20160308/1457402219_73571.jpg"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://cover.read.duokan.com/mfsv2/download/fdsc3/p01a3SXHo2hZ/XYAC5TLk4uYWXn.jpg!t"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://pic1.cxtuku.com/00/16/18/b3809a2ba0f3.jpg"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://img.bitscn.com/upimg/allimg/c150708/14363B06253120-6060O.jpg"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://pic.58pic.com/58pic/17/18/97/01U58PIC4Xr_1024.jpg"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://cover.read.duokan.com/mfsv2/download/fdsc3/p015trgKM7vw/H0iyDPPneOVrA4.jpg!t"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://77fkxu.com1.z0.glb.clouddn.com/20160308/1457402219_73571.jpg"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://imgsrc.baidu.com/baike/pic/item/2f9cbdcc5e0bcf5c00e9283b.jpg"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://pic1.cxtuku.com/00/16/18/b3809a2ba0f3.jpg"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://img.bitscn.com/upimg/allimg/c150708/14363B06253120-6060O.jpg"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://pic.58pic.com/58pic/17/18/97/01U58PIC4Xr_1024.jpg"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://cover.read.duokan.com/mfsv2/download/fdsc3/p015trgKM7vw/H0iyDPPneOVrA4.jpg!t"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://77fkxu.com1.z0.glb.clouddn.com/20160308/1457402219_73571.jpg"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://imgsrc.baidu.com/baike/pic/item/2f9cbdcc5e0bcf5c00e9283b.jpg"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://pic1.cxtuku.com/00/16/18/b3809a2ba0f3.jpg"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://img.bitscn.com/upimg/allimg/c150708/14363B06253120-6060O.jpg"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://pic.58pic.com/58pic/17/18/97/01U58PIC4Xr_1024.jpg"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://cover.read.duokan.com/mfsv2/download/fdsc3/p015trgKM7vw/H0iyDPPneOVrA4.jpg!t"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://77fkxu.com1.z0.glb.clouddn.com/20160308/1457402219_73571.jpg"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://imgsrc.baidu.com/baike/pic/item/2f9cbdcc5e0bcf5c00e9283b.jpg"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://pic1.cxtuku.com/00/16/18/b3809a2ba0f3.jpg"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://img.bitscn.com/upimg/allimg/c150708/14363B06253120-6060O.jpg"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://pic.58pic.com/58pic/17/18/97/01U58PIC4Xr_1024.jpg"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://cover.read.duokan.com/mfsv2/download/fdsc3/p015trgKM7vw/H0iyDPPneOVrA4.jpg!t"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://77fkxu.com1.z0.glb.clouddn.com/20160308/1457402219_73571.jpg"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://imgsrc.baidu.com/baike/pic/item/2f9cbdcc5e0bcf5c00e9283b.jpg"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://pic1.cxtuku.com/00/16/18/b3809a2ba0f3.jpg"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://img.bitscn.com/upimg/allimg/c150708/14363B06253120-6060O.jpg"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://pic.58pic.com/58pic/17/18/97/01U58PIC4Xr_1024.jpg"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://cover.read.duokan.com/mfsv2/download/fdsc3/p015trgKM7vw/H0iyDPPneOVrA4.jpg!t"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://77fkxu.com1.z0.glb.clouddn.com/20160308/1457402219_73571.jpg"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://imgsrc.baidu.com/baike/pic/item/2f9cbdcc5e0bcf5c00e9283b.jpg"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://pic1.cxtuku.com/00/16/18/b3809a2ba0f3.jpg"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://img.bitscn.com/upimg/allimg/c150708/14363B06253120-6060O.jpg"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://pic.58pic.com/58pic/17/18/97/01U58PIC4Xr_1024.jpg"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://cover.read.duokan.com/mfsv2/download/fdsc3/p015trgKM7vw/H0iyDPPneOVrA4.jpg!t"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://77fkxu.com1.z0.glb.clouddn.com/20160308/1457402219_73571.jpg"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://imgsrc.baidu.com/baike/pic/item/2f9cbdcc5e0bcf5c00e9283b.jpg"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://pic1.cxtuku.com/00/16/18/b3809a2ba0f3.jpg"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://img.bitscn.com/upimg/allimg/c150708/14363B06253120-6060O.jpg"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://pic.58pic.com/58pic/17/18/97/01U58PIC4Xr_1024.jpg"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://cover.read.duokan.com/mfsv2/download/fdsc3/p015trgKM7vw/H0iyDPPneOVrA4.jpg!t"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://77fkxu.com1.z0.glb.clouddn.com/20160308/1457402219_73571.jpg"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://imgsrc.baidu.com/baike/pic/item/2f9cbdcc5e0bcf5c00e9283b.jpg"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://pic1.cxtuku.com/00/16/18/b3809a2ba0f3.jpg"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://img.bitscn.com/upimg/allimg/c150708/14363B06253120-6060O.jpg"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://pic.58pic.com/58pic/17/18/97/01U58PIC4Xr_1024.jpg"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://cover.read.duokan.com/mfsv2/download/fdsc3/p015trgKM7vw/H0iyDPPneOVrA4.jpg!t"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://77fkxu.com1.z0.glb.clouddn.com/20160308/1457402219_73571.jpg"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://imgsrc.baidu.com/baike/pic/item/2f9cbdcc5e0bcf5c00e9283b.jpg"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://pic1.cxtuku.com/00/16/18/b3809a2ba0f3.jpg"><i></i></li>
<li data-src="http://img.bitscn.com/upimg/allimg/c150708/14363B06253120-6060O.jpg"><i></i></li>
</ul>
</body>
<script type="text/javascript">
// 图片懒加载:页面加载后只让文档可视区内的图片显示,其它不显示,随着用户对页面的滚动,判断其区域位置,生成img标签,让到可视区的图片加载出来
// (1)获取节点和节点的“data-src”属性,继而判断此节点的子节点有没有创建img,没有则动态创建img标签将其“data-src”的值赋给img的src,有则不做任何处理
/* 获取节点 */
var oUl = document.getElementsByTagName('ul')[0];
var aLi = oUl.getElementsByTagName('li');
/* 创建img标签函数 */
function createImg(obj){
var src = '';
if(obj.dataset.src){
src = obj.dataset.src;
}else{
src = obj.getAttribute('data-src');
// console.log(src)
}
if(obj.children.length <= 1){
var img = document.createElement('img');
img.src = src;
obj.appendChild(img);
}
}
// (2)通过“offsetTop”来连续获取节点到文档顶部的距离并更新,直到节点再没有父级为止
/* 计算节点到文档顶部的距离 */
// offsetParent:只读 属性 离当前元素最近的一个有定位属性的父节点
function getTop(obj){
var h = 0;
while(obj){
h += obj.offsetTop;
obj = obj.offsetParent; //定位父节点
}
return h;
}
getTop()
// (3)滚动实时计算所到区域计算“节点到顶部距离”与“滚动条滚动距离”的大小,当“滚动条滚动距离”大于“节点到顶部距离”时开始创建一个img((1)的函数)
/* 滚动实时计算所到区域并进行相关计算 */
window.onscroll = function(){
var t = document.documentElement.clientHeight + (document.body.scrollTop || document.documentElement.scrollTop);
for(var i=0;i<aLi.length;i++){
if(getTop(aLi[i]) < t){
setTimeout('createImg(aLi['+i+'])',500)
}
}
}
/* 页面加载完便执行一次滚动函数 */
window.onload = function(){
window.onscroll();
}
</script>
</html>
jq案例:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>Document</title>
<script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/2.1.0/jquery.min.js"></script>
<style>
.container{
max-width: 800px;
margin:0 auto;
}
.container:after{
content:"";
display: block;
clear:both;
}
.container img{
width:50%;
height:260px;
float:left;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<img src="http://s4.sinaimg.cn/mw690/006uWPTUgy72CNFYNjB93&690" alt="1" data-src="http://img4.imgtn.bdimg.com/it/u=951914923,777131061&fm=26&gp=0.jpg">
<img src="http://s4.sinaimg.cn/mw690/006uWPTUgy72CNFYNjB93&690" alt="1" data-src="http://img1.imgtn.bdimg.com/it/u=637435809,3242058940&fm=26&gp=0.jpg">
<img src="http://s4.sinaimg.cn/mw690/006uWPTUgy72CNFYNjB93&690" alt="1" data-src="http://img1.imgtn.bdimg.com/it/u=3990342075,2367006974&fm=200&gp=0.jpg">
<img src="http://s4.sinaimg.cn/mw690/006uWPTUgy72CNFYNjB93&690" alt="1" data-src="http://img1.imgtn.bdimg.com/it/u=1813891576,1754763093&fm=26&gp=0.jpg">
<img src="http://s4.sinaimg.cn/mw690/006uWPTUgy72CNFYNjB93&690" alt="1" data-src="http://img4.imgtn.bdimg.com/it/u=2539922263,2810970709&fm=200&gp=0.jpg">
<img src="http://s4.sinaimg.cn/mw690/006uWPTUgy72CNFYNjB93&690" alt="1" data-src="http://img4.imgtn.bdimg.com/it/u=1878067600,3935137756&fm=200&gp=0.jpg">
<img src="http://s4.sinaimg.cn/mw690/006uWPTUgy72CNFYNjB93&690" alt="1" data-src="http://img3.imgtn.bdimg.com/it/u=85690711,3884201894&fm=26&gp=0.jpg">
<img src="http://s4.sinaimg.cn/mw690/006uWPTUgy72CNFYNjB93&690" alt="1" data-src="http://img2.imgtn.bdimg.com/it/u=3844233833,3942617167&fm=200&gp=0.jpg">
<img src="http://s4.sinaimg.cn/mw690/006uWPTUgy72CNFYNjB93&690" alt="1" data-src="http://img0.imgtn.bdimg.com/it/u=1846695025,2515725663&fm=26&gp=0.jpg">
<img src="http://s4.sinaimg.cn/mw690/006uWPTUgy72CNFYNjB93&690" alt="1" data-src="http://img3.imgtn.bdimg.com/it/u=346230831,1833217134&fm=200&gp=0.jpg">
<img src="http://s4.sinaimg.cn/mw690/006uWPTUgy72CNFYNjB93&690" alt="1" data-src="http://img5.imgtn.bdimg.com/it/u=3478148120,2683867435&fm=26&gp=0.jpg">
<img src="http://s4.sinaimg.cn/mw690/006uWPTUgy72CNFYNjB93&690" alt="1" data-src="http://img5.imgtn.bdimg.com/it/u=2298824648,1812234339&fm=200&gp=0.jpg">
<img src="http://s4.sinaimg.cn/mw690/006uWPTUgy72CNFYNjB93&690" alt="1" data-src="http://img2.imgtn.bdimg.com/it/u=4201594846,4178139206&fm=26&gp=0.jpg">
<img src="http://s4.sinaimg.cn/mw690/006uWPTUgy72CNFYNjB93&690" alt="1" data-src="http://img2.imgtn.bdimg.com/it/u=484389598,819397330&fm=200&gp=0.jpg">
<img src="http://s4.sinaimg.cn/mw690/006uWPTUgy72CNFYNjB93&690" alt="1" data-src="http://img1.imgtn.bdimg.com/it/u=3729466012,914166979&fm=26&gp=0.jpg">
<img src="http://s4.sinaimg.cn/mw690/006uWPTUgy72CNFYNjB93&690" alt="1" data-src="http://img2.imgtn.bdimg.com/it/u=354463615,3836278171&fm=200&gp=0.jpg">
<img src="http://s4.sinaimg.cn/mw690/006uWPTUgy72CNFYNjB93&690" alt="1" data-src="http://img5.imgtn.bdimg.com/it/u=1831250492,3489827059&fm=200&gp=0.jpg">
<img src="http://s4.sinaimg.cn/mw690/006uWPTUgy72CNFYNjB93&690" alt="1" data-src="http://img1.imgtn.bdimg.com/it/u=779005622,2247570143&fm=200&gp=0.jpg">
<img src="http://s4.sinaimg.cn/mw690/006uWPTUgy72CNFYNjB93&690" alt="1" data-src="http://img1.imgtn.bdimg.com/it/u=1968229118,3512711019&fm=26&gp=0.jpg">
<img src="http://s4.sinaimg.cn/mw690/006uWPTUgy72CNFYNjB93&690" alt="1" data-src="http://img2.imgtn.bdimg.com/it/u=1088428253,1150170159&fm=200&gp=0.jpg">
</div>
<script>
// 一开始没有滚动的时候,出现在视窗中的图片也会加载
start();
// 当页面开始滚动的时候,遍历图片,如果图片出现在视窗中,就加载图片
var clock; //函数节流
$(window).on('scroll',function(){
if(clock){
clearTimeout(clock);
}
clock = setTimeout(function(){
start()
},200)
})
function start(){
$('.container img').not('[data-isLoading]').each(function () {
if (isShow($(this))) {
loadImg($(this));
}
})
}
// 判断图片是否出现在视窗的函数
function isShow($node){
return $node.offset().top <= $(window).height()+$(window).scrollTop();
}
// 加载图片的函数,就是把自定义属性data-src 存储的真正的图片地址,赋值给src
function loadImg($img){
$img.attr('src', $img.attr('data-src'));
// 已经加载的图片,我给它设置一个属性,值为1,作为标识
// 弄这个的初衷是因为,每次滚动的时候,所有的图片都会遍历一遍,这样有点浪费,所以做个标识,滚动的时候只遍历哪些还没有加载的图片
$img.attr('data-isLoading',1);
}
</script>
</body>
</html>