springMVC框架，第一个入门案例_使用spring mvc框架设计并实现一个药品信息添加模块-优快云博客

本文介绍了在浏览器输入 list.action 跳转到商品列表页面的入门程序。详细步骤包括创建 web 工程、添加相关 jar 包、配置 web.xml 和 springmvc.xml、创建商品 pojo 和 Controller 类（有传统接口和注解两种方式）、创建 jsp 页面，最后用 tomcat 进行测试。

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入门程序
场景：浏览器输入 list.action 跳转到一个商品列表页面
步骤：
1、创建web工程
2、添加jar：springMVC、spring、junit
3、在web.xml中添加一个DispatcherServlet 需要初始化一个springMVC容器
4、添加springmvc.xml
5、创建一个商品pojo
6、创建一个商品的Controller
传统方式：实现一个Controller接口
注解方式：添加一个@Controller标签
7、把Controller配置到springmvc.xml中（传统方式）
开启包扫描（注解方式）
8、创建一个jsp页面
9、tomcat测试

jar包

web.xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">

<!-- 前端控制器  -->
<servlet>
	<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
	<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
	<init-param>
		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
		<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
	</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
	<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
	<url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

pojo类

package com.it.bean;

import java.util.Date;

public class Items {
    private Integer id;

    private String name;

    private Float price;

    private String pic;

    private Date createtime;

    private String detail;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name == null ? null : name.trim();
    }

    public Float getPrice() {
        return price;
    }

    public void setPrice(Float price) {
        this.price = price;
    }

    public String getPic() {
        return pic;
    }

    public void setPic(String pic) {
        this.pic = pic == null ? null : pic.trim();
    }

    public Date getCreatetime() {
        return createtime;
    }

    public void setCreatetime(Date createtime) {
        this.createtime = createtime;
    }

    public String getDetail() {
        return detail;
    }

    public void setDetail(String detail) {
        this.detail = detail == null ? null : detail.trim();
    }

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Items [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", price=" + price
				+ ", pic=" + pic + ", createtime=" + createtime + ", detail="
				+ detail + "]";
	}
    
}

一。使用接口的方式实现Controller类

package com.it.controller;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;

import com.it.bean.Items;

//使用接口实现controller类，一个类只能实现一个方法
//解决：使用注解@Controller
public class ItemsController implements Controller {

	public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
//		模拟数据
		List<Items> list = new ArrayList<Items>();
		
		for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
			Items items = new Items();
			items.setId(i);
			items.setCreatetime(new Date());
			items.setName("小米手机"+i);
			items.setDetail("国产");
			items.setPrice((float) (1000*i));
			list.add(items);
		}
		
		ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
		modelAndView.addObject("itemList", list); //相当于把数据放到了request域中
		
//		逻辑视图：就是jsp的路径
		modelAndView.setViewName("/WEB-INF/jsp/itemList.jsp");
		
		return modelAndView;
	}
	

}

springmvc.xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.2.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd">


<bean name="/list.action" class="com.it.controller.ItemsController" ></bean> 
 
</beans>

二，使用注解的方式实现Controller类

package com.it.controller;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import com.it.bean.Items;

//注解写controller类
@Controller
public class ItemsController2 {
	@RequestMapping("/list")
	public ModelAndView list(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
		//模拟数据
	List<Items> list = new ArrayList<Items>();
	for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
		Items items = new Items();
		items.setId(i);
		items.setCreatetime(new Date());
		items.setName("华为手机"+i);
		items.setDetail("国产");
		items.setPrice((float) (1000*i));
		list.add(items);
	}
	ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
	modelAndView.addObject("itemList", list);//相当于把数据放到了request域中
//	逻辑视图：就是jsp的路径
	modelAndView.setViewName("/WEB-INF/jsp/itemList.jsp");
		return modelAndView;
	}
	@RequestMapping("/list2")
	public ModelAndView list2(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception
	{
		List<Items> list=new ArrayList<Items>();
		for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
			Items items = new Items();
			items.setId(i);
			items.setCreatetime(new Date());
			items.setName("苹果手机"+i);
			items.setDetail("不怎么样");
			items.setPrice((float) (1000*i));
			list.add(items);
		}
		ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
		modelAndView.addObject("itemList", list);
		modelAndView.setViewName("/WEB-INF/jsp/itemList.jsp");
		return modelAndView;
	}

}

springmvc.xml配置

 <!-- 注解包扫描器  -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.it.controller"></context:component-scan>

jsp展示界面

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt"  prefix="fmt"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>查询商品列表</title>
</head>
<body> 
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/item/queryitem.action" method="post">
查询条件：
<table width="100%" border=1>
<tr>
<td><input type="submit" value="查询"/></td>
</tr>
</table>
商品列表：
<table width="100%" border=1>
<tr>
	<td>商品名称</td>
	<td>商品价格</td>
	<td>生产日期</td>
	<td>商品描述</td>
	<td>操作</td>
</tr>
<c:forEach items="${itemList }" var="item">
<tr>
	<td>${item.name }</td>
	<td>${item.price }</td>
	<td><fmt:formatDate value="${item.createtime}" pattern="yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"/></td>
	<td>${item.detail }</td>
	
	<td><a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/itemEdit.action?id=${item.id}">修改</a></td>

</tr>
</c:forEach>

</table>
</form>
</body>

</html>

项目结构