Qt学习笔记（Layout）

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本文详细介绍了Qt中的Layout管理，包括网格布局、垂直布局、水平布局的使用方法，以及如何在Qt界面设计中实现组件的自动排列和响应式布局。通过实例代码展示了布局管理在实际项目中的应用。

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#-------------------------------------------------
#
# Project created by QtCreator 2019-08-16T17:49:14
#
#-------------------------------------------------

QT       += core gui

greaterThan(QT_MAJOR_VERSION, 4): QT += widgets

TARGET = 04_Layout
TEMPLATE = app

# The following define makes your compiler emit warnings if you use
# any feature of Qt which has been marked as deprecated (the exact warnings
# depend on your compiler). Please consult the documentation of the
# deprecated API in order to know how to port your code away from it.
DEFINES += QT_DEPRECATED_WARNINGS

# You can also make your code fail to compile if you use deprecated APIs.
# In order to do so, uncomment the following line.
# You can also select to disable deprecated APIs only up to a certain version of Qt.
#DEFINES += QT_DISABLE_DEPRECATED_BEFORE=0x060000    # disables all the APIs deprecated before Qt 6.0.0

CONFIG += c++11

SOURCES += \
        main.cpp \
        mainwindow.cpp

HEADERS += \
        mainwindow.h

FORMS += \
        mainwindow.ui

# Default rules for deployment.
qnx: target.path = /tmp/$${TARGET}/bin
else: unix:!android: target.path = /opt/$${TARGET}/bin
!isEmpty(target.path): INSTALLS += target

#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H

#include <QMainWindow>

namespace Ui {
class MainWindow;
}

class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    explicit MainWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
    ~MainWindow();

private:
    Ui::MainWindow *ui;
};

#endif // MAINWINDOW_H

#include "mainwindow.h"
#include <QApplication>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QApplication a(argc, argv);
    MainWindow w;
    w.show();

    return a.exec();
}

#include "mainwindow.h"
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"

MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent) :
    QMainWindow(parent),
    ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{
    ui->setupUi(this);
}

MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
    delete ui;
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<ui version="4.0">
 <class>MainWindow</class>
 <widget class="QMainWindow" name="MainWindow">
  <property name="geometry">
   <rect>
    <x>0</x>
    <y>0</y>
    <width>404</width>
    <height>339</height>
   </rect>
  </property>
  <property name="windowTitle">
   <string>MainWindow</string>
  </property>
  <property name="windowOpacity">
   <double>1.000000000000000</double>
  </property>
  <widget class="QWidget" name="centralWidget">
   <layout class="QHBoxLayout" name="horizontalLayout_4">
    <item>
     <spacer name="horizontalSpacer_4">
      <property name="orientation">
       <enum>Qt::Horizontal</enum>
      </property>
      <property name="sizeHint" stdset="0">
       <size>
        <width>40</width>
        <height>20</height>
       </size>
      </property>
     </spacer>
    </item>
    <item>
     <layout class="QVBoxLayout" name="verticalLayout_5">
      <item>
       <layout class="QVBoxLayout" name="verticalLayout_4">
        <item>
         <widget class="QWidget" name="widget" native="true">
          <layout class="QVBoxLayout" name="verticalLayout">
           <item>
            <spacer name="verticalSpacer_2">
             <property name="orientation">
              <enum>Qt::Vertical</enum>
             </property>
             <property name="sizeHint" stdset="0">
              <size>
               <width>20</width>
               <height>40</height>
              </size>
             </property>
            </spacer>
           </item>
           <item>
            <layout class="QHBoxLayout" name="horizontalLayout">
             <item>
              <widget class="QLabel" name="label">
               <property name="text">
                <string>用户名：</string>
               </property>
              </widget>
             </item>
             <item>
              <widget class="QLineEdit" name="lineEdit"/>
             </item>
            </layout>
           </item>
          </layout>
         </widget>
        </item>
        <item>
         <widget class="QWidget" name="widget_2" native="true">
          <layout class="QVBoxLayout" name="verticalLayout_2">
           <item>
            <layout class="QHBoxLayout" name="horizontalLayout_2">
             <item>
              <widget class="QLabel" name="label_2">
               <property name="text">
                <string>密  码：</string>
               </property>
              </widget>
             </item>
             <item>
              <widget class="QLineEdit" name="lineEdit_2"/>
             </item>
            </layout>
           </item>
          </layout>
         </widget>
        </item>
       </layout>
      </item>
      <item>
       <widget class="QWidget" name="widget_3" native="true">
        <layout class="QVBoxLayout" name="verticalLayout_3">
         <item>
          <layout class="QHBoxLayout" name="horizontalLayout_3">
           <item>
            <spacer name="horizontalSpacer">
             <property name="orientation">
              <enum>Qt::Horizontal</enum>
             </property>
             <property name="sizeHint" stdset="0">
              <size>
               <width>40</width>
               <height>20</height>
              </size>
             </property>
            </spacer>
           </item>
           <item>
            <widget class="QPushButton" name="pushButton_2">
             <property name="text">
              <string>登录</string>
             </property>
            </widget>
           </item>
           <item>
            <spacer name="horizontalSpacer_2">
             <property name="orientation">
              <enum>Qt::Horizontal</enum>
             </property>
             <property name="sizeHint" stdset="0">
              <size>
               <width>40</width>
               <height>20</height>
              </size>
             </property>
            </spacer>
           </item>
           <item>
            <widget class="QPushButton" name="pushButton">
             <property name="text">
              <string>退出</string>
             </property>
            </widget>
           </item>
           <item>
            <spacer name="horizontalSpacer_3">
             <property name="orientation">
              <enum>Qt::Horizontal</enum>
             </property>
             <property name="sizeHint" stdset="0">
              <size>
               <width>40</width>
               <height>20</height>
              </size>
             </property>
            </spacer>
           </item>
          </layout>
         </item>
         <item>
          <spacer name="verticalSpacer">
           <property name="orientation">
            <enum>Qt::Vertical</enum>
           </property>
           <property name="sizeHint" stdset="0">
            <size>
             <width>20</width>
             <height>40</height>
            </size>
           </property>
          </spacer>
         </item>
        </layout>
       </widget>
      </item>
     </layout>
    </item>
    <item>
     <spacer name="horizontalSpacer_5">
      <property name="orientation">
       <enum>Qt::Horizontal</enum>
      </property>
      <property name="sizeHint" stdset="0">
       <size>
        <width>40</width>
        <height>20</height>
       </size>
      </property>
     </spacer>
    </item>
   </layout>
  </widget>
  <widget class="QMenuBar" name="menuBar">
   <property name="geometry">
    <rect>
     <x>0</x>
     <y>0</y>
     <width>404</width>
     <height>23</height>
    </rect>
   </property>
  </widget>
  <widget class="QToolBar" name="mainToolBar">
   <attribute name="toolBarArea">
    <enum>TopToolBarArea</enum>
   </attribute>
   <attribute name="toolBarBreak">
    <bool>false</bool>
   </attribute>
  </widget>
  <widget class="QStatusBar" name="statusBar"/>
 </widget>
 <layoutdefault spacing="6" margin="11"/>
 <resources/>
 <connections/>
</ui>