在IDEA上搭建SpringMVC

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博客介绍了第一个SpringMVC应用的搭建，包括添加maven依赖、配置前端控制器和Controller等步骤。还讲述了基于注解的控制器，相比实现Controller接口更简单灵活，可处理多个请求动作。最后提及了更简洁版本的配置。

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第一个SpringMVC应用

1.添加maven依赖

pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.yf</groupId>
  <artifactId>SpringMVC</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <properties>
    <spring.version>5.1.8.RELEASE</spring.version>
    <pagehelper.version>5.1.2-beta</pagehelper.version>
    <mysql.version>5.1.6</mysql.version>
    <mybatis.spring.version>1.2.3</mybatis.spring.version>
    <mybatis.version>3.1.1</mybatis.version>
    <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
    <jstl.version>1.2</jstl.version>
    <jsqlparser.version>1.0</jsqlparser.version>
    <jackson.version>1.2.7</jackson.version>
    <servlet-api.version>3.1.0</servlet-api.version>
    <druid.version>1.0.18</druid.version>
    <log4j.version>1.2.16</log4j.version>
    <commons-logging.version>1.2</commons-logging.version>
    <commons-fileupload.version>1.2.1</commons-fileupload.version>
    <commons-io.version>1.3.2</commons-io.version>
    <commons-lang.version>2.6</commons-lang.version>
    <aopalliance.version>1.0</aopalliance.version>
    <mybatis-generator.version>1.3.5</mybatis-generator.version>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>${junit.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
      <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
      <version>${mybatis.spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>mysql</groupId>
      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.6</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
      <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
      <version>${druid.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- JSP相关 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>jstl</groupId>
      <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
      <version>${jstl.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>${servlet-api.version}</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- pageHelper -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
      <artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId>
      <version>${pagehelper.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--jsqlparser-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.github.jsqlparser</groupId>
      <artifactId>jsqlparser</artifactId>
      <version>${jsqlparser.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>log4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
      <version>${log4j.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
      <version>${commons-logging.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
      <version>${commons-fileupload.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
      <version>${commons-io.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
      <version>${commons-lang.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>aopalliance</groupId>
      <artifactId>aopalliance</artifactId>
      <version>${aopalliance.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis.generator</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis-generator-core</artifactId>
      <version>${mybatis-generator.version}</version>
    </dependency>

  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <finalName>${project.artifactId}</finalName>
    <plugins>
      <!-- 资源文件拷贝插件 -->
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.7</version>
        <configuration>
          <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
      <!-- java编译插件 -->
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.2</version>
        <configuration>
          <source>1.8</source>
          <target>1.8</target>
          <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
    <pluginManagement>
      <plugins>
        <!-- 配置Tomcat插件 -->
        <plugin>
          <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
          <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.2</version>
        </plugin>
      </plugins>
    </pluginManagement>

    <resources>
      <resource>
        <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
        <includes>
          <include>**/*.properties</include>
          <include>**/*.xml</include>
          <include>**/*.tld</include>
        </includes>
        <filtering>false</filtering>
      </resource>
      <resource>
        <directory>src/main/java</directory>
        <includes>
          <include>**/*.properties</include>
          <include>**/*.xml</include>
        </includes>
        <filtering>false</filtering>
      </resource>
    </resources>

  </build>

</project>

2.配置前端控制器DispatcherServlet

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
  <!-- 中文乱码问题 -->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
  
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>/WEB-INF/springmvc-config.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

3.配置SpringMVC的Controller

在/WEB-INF/下创建springmvc-config.xml配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

   

    <bean name="/hello" class="com.yf.SpringMVC.controller.HelloController"/>
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"/>
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"/>
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"/>

</beans>

4.Controller类的实现

package com.yf.SpringMVC.controller;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class HelloController implements Controller {


    @Override
    public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("调用成功！");
        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
        modelAndView.addObject("message","Hello SpringMVC!");
        modelAndView.setViewName("/WEB-INF/content/welcome.jsp");
        return modelAndView;
    }
}

最后码上welcome.jsp

<html>
<head>
    <title>SpringMVC</title>
</head>
<body>
    ${requestScope.message}
</body>
</html>

5.运行tomcat
访问http://localhost:8080/SpringMVC/hello

在这里插入图片描述

基于注解的控制器

在上面的基础上该Controller类即可

package com.yf.SpringMVC2.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

@Controller
public class HelloController {

    @RequestMapping("/hello")
    public ModelAndView hello(){
        System.out.println("调用成功！");
        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
        modelAndView.addObject("message","Hello SpringMVC!");
        modelAndView.setViewName("/WEB-INF/content/welcome.jsp");
        return modelAndView;
    }

}

然后在修改一下springmvc-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!--  spring可以自动去扫描base-pack下面的包或者子包下面的java文件，如果扫描到有Spring的相关注解得类，则把
     这些类注册为Spring的bean-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.yf.SpringMVC2.controller" />


    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping"/>
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter"/>
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"/>

</beans>

相对之前的版本实现Controller接口变得更加简单。而且Controller接口的实现类只能处理一个单一请求动作，而@Controller注释的控制器可以支持同时处理多个请求动作，更加灵活。

更简洁的版本

1.springmvc-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc  http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.yf.SpringMVC3.controller"/>
    <!--默认装配方案-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
    <!--静态资源处理-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
    <!--视图解析器 p:prefix属性表示前缀 p:suffix表示后缀-->
    <bean name="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" p:prefix="/WEB-INF/content/" p:suffix=".jsp"/>

</beans>

2.controller

package com.yf.SpringMVC3.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class HelloWorldController {

    @RequestMapping("/helloWorld")
    public String helloWorld(Model model){
        model.addAttribute("message","CNM");
        return "helloWorld";
    }

}