翻译

2010年

Directions:
In this section there is a text in English .Translate it into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET2.
“Suatainability” has become apopular word these days, but to Ted Ning, the concept will always have personal meaning. Having endured apainful period of unsustainability in his own life made itclear to him that sustainability-oriented values must be expressed though everyday action and choice.
Ning recalls spending aconfusing year in the late 1990s selling insurance. He’d been though the dot-com boom and burst and,desperate for ajob,signed on with a Boulder agency.
It didin’t go well. “It was a really had move because that’s not my passion,” says Ning, whose dilemma about the job translated, predictably, into a lack of sales. “I was miserable, I had so much anxiety that I would wake up in the middle of the night and stare at the ceiling. I had no money and needed the job. Everyone said, ‘Just wait, you’ll trun the corner, give it some time.’”

2011年
Who would have thought that， globally， the IT industry produces about the same volumes of greenhouse gases as the world’s airlines do-rough 2 percent of all CO2 emissions？

Many everyday tasks take a surprising toll on the environment. A Google search can leak between 0.2 and 7.0 grams of CO2 depending on how many attempts are needed to get the “right” answer. To deliver results to its users quickly， then， Google has to maintain vast data centres round the world， packed with powerful computers. While producing large quantities of CO2， these computers emit a great deal of heat， so the centres need to be well air-conditioned， which uses even more energy.

However， Google and other big tech providers monitor their efficiency closely and make improvements. Monitoring is the first step on the road to reduction， but there is much to be done， and not just by big companies.

2012年
When people in developing countries worry about migration,they are usually concerned at the prospect of ther best and brightest departure to Silicon Valley or to hospitals and universities in the developed world ,These are the kind of workers that countries like Britian ,Canada and Australia try to attract by using immigration rules that privilege college graduates .
　　Lots of studies have found that well-educated people from developing countries are particularly likely to emigrate .A big survey of Indian households in 2004 found that nearly 40%of emigrants had more than a high-school education,compared with around 3.3%of all Indians over the age of 25.This "brain drain "has long bothered policymakers in poor countries ,They fear that it hurts their economies ,depriving them of much-needed skilled workers who could have taught at their universities ,worked in their hospitals and come up with clever new products for their factories to make .

2013年
I can pick a date from the past 53 years and know instantly where I was, what happened in the news and even the day of the week. I’ve been able to do this since I was four.
I never feel overwhelmed with the amount of information my brain absorbs my mind seems to be able to cope and the information is stored away reatly. When I think of a sad memory, I do what everyone does- try to put it to one side. I don’t think it’s harder for me just because my memory is clearer. Powerful memory doesn’t make my emotions any more acute or vivid. I can recall the day my grandfather died and the sadness I felt when we went to the hospital the day before. I also remember that the musical play Hair opened on the Broadway on the same day- they both just pop into my mind in the same way.

2014年
Most people would define optimism as endlessly happy, with a glass that’s perpetually half fall. But that’s exactly the kind of false deerfulness that positive psychologists wouldn’t recommend. “Healthy optimists means being in touch with reality.” says Tal Ben-Shahar, a Harvard professor, According to Ben- Shalar,realistic optimists are these who make the best of things that happen, but not those who believe everything happens for the best.
　　Ben-Shalar uses three optimistic exercisers. When he feels down-sag, after giving a bad lecture-he grants himself permission to be human. He reminds himself that mot every lecture can be a Nobel winner; some will be less effective than others. Next is reconstruction, He analyzes the weak lecture, leaning lessons, for the future about what works and what doesn’t. Finally, there is perspective, which involves acknowledging that in the ground scheme of life, one lecture really doesn’t matter.

2015年
Think about driving a route that’s very familiar. It could be your commute to work, a trip into town or the way home. Whichever it is, you know every twist and turn like the back of your hand. On these sorts of trips it’s easy to zone out from the actual driving and pay little attention to the passing scenery. The consequence is that you perceive that the trip has taken less time than it actually has.
　　This is the well-travelled road effect: people tend to underestimate the time it takes to travel a familiar route.
　　The effect is caused by the way we allocate our attention. When we travel down a well-known route, because we don’t have to concentrate much, time seems to flow more quickly. And afterwards, when we come to think back on it, we can’t remember the journey well because we didn’t pay much attention to it. So we assume it was shorter.

2016年
　　The supermarket is designed to lure customers into spending as much time as possible within its doors。 The reason for this is simple： The longer you stay in the store， the more stuff you’ll see， and the more stuff you see， the more you’ll buy。 And supermarkets contain a lot of stuff。 The average supermarket， according to the Food Marketing Institute， carries some 44，000 different items， and many carry tens of thousands more。 The sheer volume of available choice is enough to send shoppers into a state of information overload。 According to brain-scan experiments， the demands of so much decision-making quickly become too much for us。 After about 40 minutes of shopping， most people stop struggling to be rationally selective， and instead began shopping emotionally—which is the point at which we accumulate the 50 percent of stuff in our cart that we never intended buying。

翻译参考

2010年

“坚持不懈”如今已成一个流行词汇，但对TedNing而言，这个概念一直有个人含义，经历了一段痛苦松懈的个人生活，使他清楚面向以坚持不懈为导向的价值观，必须贯彻到每天的行动和选择中。
Ning回忆起20世纪90年代末期卖保险的那段迷茫时光，他通过蓬勃兴起的网络疯狂地找工作，并且与Boulder代理机构签了约。
事情进展并不顺利，TedNing说到：“那真是个糟糕的选择，因为我对此没有激情，”可以预料，他把工作中的矛盾能解释为没有业务。Ning说：“我很痛苦渴望午夜起来盯着天花板，我没钱，我需要工作，每个人都说‘等吧，只要有耐心会好转的。’”

2011年

有谁会想到，在全球范围内，IT行业产生的温室气体跟全球航空公司产生的一样多？占二氧化碳总排量的2%.

很多日常工作对环境造成了让人震惊的破坏作用。根据你查询正确答案的尝试次数，谷歌搜索引擎会插手0.2-7克的二氧化碳的排放量。要快速将结果传递给用户，谷歌必须用强大和大量的计算机系统来维护全球巨大的数据库中心。这些计算机在散发大量热量的同时也产生大量的二氧化碳气体。所以中心处理器必须要有很好的散热装备，然而却耗能更多。

2013年

（第一段）我能从过去的53年中挑选一个时间，并且立即知道我（那时）所处的位置，（那时）新闻中发生的事件，甚至那天是星期几。我具有这种能力可以追溯到我4岁的时候。
（第二段）对于我大脑接收的信息，我从来没有感到难以把握。我的大脑似乎能够处理（一切信息），而且这些信息都被有条理的保存。当我想到悲伤的事情，我像其他所有人一样，努力把它们放到一边（以免影响我）。就是因为我的记忆是比较清晰有条理的，所以，我认为那些信息（对我来说）都不很困难。我强大的记忆力没有让我的情绪变得更敏感或者更真切。我能（清晰地）回忆起我祖父过世的那天的情景以及祖父去世前我们大家去医院看望他时的悲伤。我还能（清晰地）记得同一天在Broadway上演的音乐剧《头发》——它们都同样地在我的脑海长久不衰。

2014年

大多数人认为乐观是无尽的欢乐，如同总是有半杯水的杯子。但那是一种绝不会为积极心理学家所称道的虚假的快乐。哈佛大学的Tal Ben-Shahar教授说，"健康的乐观主义意味着要活在现实之中。"在Ben-Shahar看来，现实的乐观主义者会因势利导，而非求全责备。
　　Ben-Shahar 会使用三种乐观的方法。比如说，当他因搞砸了一场演讲而倍感郁闷的时候，他会告诉自己这是很正常的事，提醒自己：并不是每一次演讲都可以获得诺贝尔奖，总会有一些人的演讲效果不及其他人。接着为改进。他分析了一些效果不好的演讲并且从那些起效和无效的演讲中吸取教训为将来做准备。最后是看待问题的角度，即在生活的宏伟计划中，一次演讲真的无足轻重。

2015年

想象行驶在一条非常熟悉的路线上。它可能是你通勤上班的路，可能是你赴城或回家的路。不管是哪条路线，你熟知每个转弯，就像熟知你的手背。在这样的旅程中，很容易忽视实际的行驶过程，不关注路过的风景。结果，你感觉行驶的时间比实际的时间要少。
　　这是熟悉路线效应：人们常常低估行驶熟悉路线所用的时间。
　　这种效应是由我们分配注意力的方式引起的。当我们行驶在熟悉的线路中，因为我们不必聚精会神，时间似乎流逝得更快些。之后，当我们回想起这段旅程，我们不能清楚地忆起它，因为我们并未留意过它。因此，我们认为这段旅程的时间相对较短。

2016年

46、[解析]

句1：The supermarket is designed to lure customers into spending as much time as possible within its doors。

[题目考点]被动语态，不定式短语作目的状语

[句子结构]简单句。句子的主干是“The supermarket is designed to……”，被动语态翻译的时候变为主动，不定式短语做目的状语，可以翻译为“旨在……”。“lure……into”表示引诱……做……，在这里可以意译为“意在……”。“as much time as possible”表示“尽可能长的时间……”

[重点词汇] design：设计；lure：吸引，引诱。

[参考译文]超市旨在吸引顾客在店里停留尽量长的时间。

句2：The reason for this is simple： The longer you stay in the store， the more stuff you’ll see， and the more stuff you see， the more you’ll buy。

[题目考点]并列结构，比较结构

[句子结构]复合句。本句用连词and连接两个比较句。本句包含一个常用的比较结构“the+形容词+……，the+形容词+……”表示“越……，越……”。

[重点词汇] the more……， the more……：越…，越…。

[参考译文]原因非常简单：顾客在店里停留的时间越长，看到的商品越多；看到的商品越多，买的越多。

句3：And supermarkets contain a lot of stuff。

[题目考点]词的翻译

[句子结构]简单句。本句是简单的主语+谓语+宾语结构。“contain”原本表示“包含，包括”，在本句中可以意译为“陈列”。

[重点词汇]contain：包含，包括。

[参考译文]超市陈列了大量的商品。

句4：The average supermarket， according to the Food Market Institute， carries some 44，000 different items， and many carry tens of thousands more。

[题目考点]并列结构

[句子结构]复合句。And连接了两个简单句。第一个简单句句子的主干是“The average supermarket carries items……”；第二个简单句句子的主干是“many carry……”。“ according to……”表示“根据……”做方式状语。

[重点词汇]Food Market Institute： 食品营销研究院， tens of thousands：成千上万。

[参考译文]根据食品营销研究院的调查，一般超市里有约44000种不同的商品；大多数超市都有上万种。

句5：The sheer volume of available choice is enough to send shoppers into a state of information overload。

[题目考点]词的翻译，不定式短语做目的状语

[句子结构]简单句。句子的主干是“The sheer volume of available choice is enough”，不定式“to ……”做目的状语，表示“足够去干……”。

[重点词汇]sheer：绝对的，纯粹的； available：可利用的，可供选择的；overload：符合过多。

[参考译文]如此众多的选择足以使顾客面对的信息过于繁杂。

句6：According to brain-scan experiments， the demands of so much decision-making quickly become too much for us。

[题目考点]词的翻译

[句子结构]简单句。句子的主干是“the demands……become……”，表示“需求……变得……”。短语“：According to……”做方式状语，表示“根据……”。

[重点词汇]brain-scan：脑部扫描 ，decision-making：作出决定，决策。

[参考译文]根据脑部扫描实验，需要做这么多的决定很快就会使我们难以承受。

句7：After about 40 minutes of shopping， most people stop struggling to be rationally selective， and instead began shopping emotionally—which is the point at which we accumulate the 50 percent of stuff in our cart that we never intended buying。

[题目考点]并列结构，定语从句

[句子结构]复合句。句子主干为most people stop struggling to be rationally selective and instead began shopping emotionally，其中instead和rationally，emotionally含转折和对比的意味。after about 40 minutes of shopping为介词短语做时间状语。which is the point是which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的整个句子。at which引导限制性定语从句，修饰point，相当于when，这个定语从句中主干成分为we accumulate the 50 percent of stuff，in our cart做地点状语。句中的最后一个that引导定语从句，修饰前面的先行词the 50 percent of stuff，整个句子中呈现从句套从句的句式。

[重点词汇]rationally：理性地；emotionally：情感地，情绪冲动地；accumulate：累积；cart：购物车。

[参考译文]大约购物40分钟以后，大部分顾客就无法试图做出理性的选择，而会冲动购物——此时，在购物车里，我们已经装了一半根本没想买的东西。

[全文翻译]

超市旨在吸引顾客在自己店内停留尽量长的时间。原因很简单：顾客在店里停留的时间越长，看到的商品就会越多；而看到的商品越多，你就会买的越多。超市有大量商品。根据食品营销研究院所说，普通超市大概有44000种不同的商品；很多超市更是会比普通超市多上万种商品。众多选择足以让顾客面临各种信息，不堪重负。根据脑部扫描实验，需要做这么多的决定很快就会使我们难以承受。大约购物40分钟以后，大部分顾客就无法试图做出理性的选择，而会冲动购物——此时，在购物车里，我们已经装了一半根本没想买的东西。