shell编程-df命令详解

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本文详细解析了Linux下df命令的使用方法，包括显示文件系统信息、统计文件和inode使用情况等。介绍了各种选项如--all、--block-size、--human-readable的作用，帮助读者掌握df命令的高级应用。

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[root@izwz97473w2ydu1pgsmzk4z nginx]# df --help
Usage: df [OPTION]… [FILE]…
Show information about the file system on which each FILE resides,//输出每个文件所在文件系统的信息
or all file systems by default.//或默认情况下所有的文件系统

Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too./对长选项强制的参数对于短选项也是强制的
-a, --all include pseudo, duplicate, inaccessible file systems//包括伪，重读，不可访问的文件系统。
-B, --block-size=SIZE scale sizes by SIZE before printing them; e.g.,//
‘-BM’ prints sizes in units of 1,048,576 bytes;//以1048576字节大小为单位打印大小。
see SIZE format below
–direct show statistics for a file instead of mount point//显示文件的统计信息而不是挂载点
–total produce a grand total//合计
-h, --human-readable print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M 2G)//以人可读的方式打印大小信息
-H, --si likewise, but use powers of 1000 not 1024//同样的，使用1000的幂而不是1024
-i, --inodes list inode information instead of block usage//列出inode信息而不是快使用情况
-k like --block-size=1K//
-l, --local limit listing to local file systems//将列表限制为本地文件系统
–no-sync do not invoke sync before getting usage info (default)获取使用信息之前不需要调用sync
–output[=FIELD_LIST] use the output format defined by FIELD_LIST,使用FIELD_LIST定义的格式
or print all fields if FIELD_LIST is omitted.//如果省略FIELD_LIST，打印所有字段
-P, --portability use the POSIX output format//使用POSIX输出格式
–sync invoke sync before getting usage info//在打印使用信息之前调用invoke
-t, --type=TYPE limit listing to file systems of type TYPE//限制列表为文件系统的类型
-T, --print-type print file system type//打印文件系统类型
-x, --exclude-type=TYPE limit listing to file systems not of type TYPE//
-v (ignored)
–help display this help and exit
–version output version information and exit

Display values are in units of the first available SIZE from --block-size,
and the DF_BLOCK_SIZE, BLOCK_SIZE and BLOCKSIZE environment variables.
Otherwise, units default to 1024 bytes (or 512 if POSIXLY_CORRECT is set).

SIZE is an integer and optional unit (example: 10M is 1010241024). Units
are K, M, G, T, P, E, Z, Y (powers of 1024) or KB, MB, … (powers of 1000).

FIELD_LIST is a comma-separated list of columns to be included. Valid
field names are: ‘source’, ‘fstype’, ‘itotal’, ‘iused’, ‘iavail’, ‘ipcent’,
‘size’, ‘used’, ‘avail’, ‘pcent’, ‘file’ and ‘target’ (see info page).

GNU coreutils online help: http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/
For complete documentation, run: info coreutils ‘df invocation’