实验七 运算符重载

实验目的和要求

熟悉运算符重载的定义和使用方法 

实验内容

1.调试下列程序

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1. //sy7_1.cpp    
2. #include<iostream>    
3. using namespace std;    
4. class complex    
5. {    
6.     public:    
7.         complex(){real=imag=0.0;}    
8.         complex(double r){real=r;imag=0.0;}    
9.         complex(double r,double i){real=r;imag=i;}    
10.         complex operator + (const complex &c);    
11.         complex operator - (const complex &c);    
12.         complex operator * (const complex &c);    
13.         complex operator / (const complex &c);    
14.         friend void print(const complex &c);    
15.     private:    
16.         double real,imag;    
17. };    
18. inline complex complex::operator + (const complex &c)    
19. {    
20.     return complex(real+c.real,imag+c.imag);    
21. }    
22. inline complex complex::operator - (const complex &c)    
23. {    
24.     return complex(real-c.real,imag-c.imag);    
25. }    
26. inline complex complex::operator * (const complex &c)    
27. {    
28.     return complex(real*c.real-imag*c.imag,real*c.imag+imag*c.real);    
29. }    
30. inline complex complex::operator / (const complex &c)    
31. {    
32.     return complex((real*c.real+imag*c.imag)/(c.real*c.real+c.imag*c.imag),(imag*c.real-real*c.imag)/(c.real*c.real+c.imag*c.imag));    
33. }    
34. void print(const complex &c)    
35. {    
36.     if(c.imag<0)    
37.         cout<<c.real<<c.imag<<"i";    
38.     else    
39.         cout<<c.real<<"+"<<c.imag<<"i";    
40. }    
41. int main()    
42. {    
43.     complex c1(2.0),c2(3.0,-1.0),c3;    
44.     c3=c1+c2;    
45.     cout<<"\nc1+c2= ";    
46.     print(c3);    
47.     c3=c1-c2;    
48.     cout<<"\nc1-c2= ";    
49.     print(c3);    
50.     c3=c1*c2;    
51.     cout<<"\nc1*c2= ";    
52.     print(c3);    
53.     c3=c1/c2;    
54.     cout<<"\nc1/c2= ";    
55.     print(c3);    
56.     c3=(c1+c2)*(c1-c2)*c2/c1;    
57.     cout<<"\n(c1+c2)*(c1-c2)*c2/c1= ";    
58.     print(c3);    
59.     cout<<endl;    
60.     return 0;    
61. }  

写出程序的输出结果，并解释

实验结果如下：

2.调试下列程序

[cpp]  view plain  copy

1. //sy7_2.cpp  
2. #include<iostream>  
3. using namespace std;  
4. class complex  
5. {  
6.     public:  
7.         complex(){real=imag=0.0;}  
8.         complex(double r){real=r;imag=0.0;}  
9.         complex(double r,double i){real=r;imag=i;}  
10.         friend complex operator + (const complex &c1,const complex &c2);  
11.         friend complex operator - (const complex &c1,const complex &c2);  
12.         friend complex operator * (const complex &c1,const complex &c2);  
13.         friend complex operator / (const complex &c1,const complex &c2);  
14.         friend void print(const complex &c);  
15.     private:  
16.         double real,imag;  
17. };  
18. complex operator + (const complex &c1,const complex &c2)  
19. {  
20.     return complex(c1.real+c2.real,c1.imag+c2.imag);  
21. }  
22. complex operator - (const complex &c1,const complex &c2)  
23. {  
24.     return complex(c1.real-c2.real,c1.imag-c2.imag);  
25. }  
26. complex operator * (const complex &c1,const complex &c2)  
27. {  
28.     return complex(c1.real*c2.real-c1.imag*c2.imag,c1.real*c2.imag+c1.imag*c2.real);  
29. }  
30. complex operator / (const complex &c1,const complex &c2)  
31. {  
32.     return complex((c1.real*c2.real+c1.imag*c2.imag)/(c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c2.imag),(c1.imag*c2.real-c1.real*c2.imag)/(c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c2.imag));  
33. }  
34. void print(const complex &c)  
35. {  
36.     if(c.imag<0)  
37.         cout<<c.real<<c.imag<<"i";  
38.     else  
39.         cout<<c.real<<"+"<<c.imag<<"i";  
40. }  
41. int main()  
42. {  
43.     complex c1(2.0),c2(3.0,-1.0),c3;  
44.     c3=c1+c2;  
45.     cout<<"\nc1+c2= ";  
46.     print(c3);  
47.     c3=c1-c2;  
48.     cout<<"\nc1-c2= ";  
49.     print(c3);  
50.     c3=c1*c2;  
51.     cout<<"\nc1*c2= ";  
52.     print(c3);  
53.     c3=c1/c2;  
54.     cout<<"\nc1/c2= ";  
55.     print(c3);  
56.     c3=(c1+c2)*(c1-c2)*c2/c1;  
57.     cout<<"\n(c1+c2)*(c1-c2)*c2/c1= ";  
58.     print(c3);  
59.     cout<<endl;  
60.     return 0;  
61. }  

写出程序的输出的结果，并解释。

程序结果如下;

3.定义一个Time类用来保存时间（时、分、秒），通过重载操作符“+”实现两个时间的相加（sy7-3.cpp）

分析与讨论

结合上题中的程序总结运算符重载的形式。