DHCP 服务（动态管理分配IP地址）

1. 安装dhcp软件包

[root@server ~]# yum -y install dhcp

[root@server ~]# rpm -ql dhcp

/etc/dhcp

/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf //主配置文件

/etc/rc.d/init.d/dhcpd //启动脚本

/usr/sbin/dhcpd //二进制命

2. 修改配置文件

 

~~~powershell

vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

option domain-name "itcast.cc";    //域名

option domain-name-servers 192.168.1.110, 8.8.8.8;  //DNS(可以写多个)

default-lease-time 3600;   //缺省租约

max-lease-time 7200;       //客户端最大租约

log-facility local7;       //定义日志设备载体 （/var/log/boot.log输出）

 

subnet 192.168.2.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {   //子网<网段>

  range 192.168.2.1 192.168.2.50;   //地址范围<地址池>

  option routers 192.168.1.110;         //网关

  option broadcast-address 192.168.2.255   //广播地址

}

option domain-name "itcast.cc";

option domain-name-servers 8.8.8.8;

default-lease-time 3600;

max-lease-time 7200;

log-facility local7;

 

subnet 10.1.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {

  range 10.1.1.100 10.1.1.150;

  option routers 10.1.1.1;

  option broadcast-address 10.1.1.255;

}

[root@MissHou ~]# service dhcpd start

client端修改IP地址为动态获取：

[root@client ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

[root@client ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

DEVICE=eth0

TYPE=Ethernet

ONBOOT=yes

NM_CONTROLLED=yes

BOOTPROTO=dhcp

重启网络让client端自动获取IP地址：

[root@client ~]# service network restart

Shutting down loopback interface:                          [  OK  ]

Bringing up loopback interface:                            [  OK  ]

Bringing up interface eth0:  Active connection state: activating

Active connection path: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/8

state: activated

Connection activated

查看IP地址是否是指定的IP范围：

[root@client ~]# ifconfig eth1

eth1      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0C:29:41:A2:FC  

          inet addr:10.1.1.100  Bcast:10.1.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0

          inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe41:a2fc/64 Scope:Link

          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1

          RX packets:17493870 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

          TX packets:2271 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000

          RX bytes:1319498963 (1.2 GiB)  TX bytes:221741 (216.5 KiB)

 

出现问题解决方式

日志错误信息

 

~~~powershell

[root@server ~]# tail -f /var/log/messages

Apr 16 17:54:22 MissHou dhcpd: /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf line 16: semicolon expected.

Apr 16 17:54:22 MissHou dhcpd: }

Apr 16 17:54:22 MissHou dhcpd:  ^

Apr 16 17:54:22 MissHou dhcpd: /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf line 16: unexpected end of file

Apr 16 17:54:22 MissHou dhcpd: }

Apr 16 17:54:22 MissHou dhcpd:  ^

Apr 16 17:54:22 MissHou dhcpd: Configuration file errors encountered -- exiting

Apr 16 17:54:22 MissHou dhcpd: