nginx配置文件详解

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最新推荐文章于 2024-12-31 15:49:03 发布

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分类专栏：运维 nginx 文章标签： nginx 负载均衡

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/qq_41541368/article/details/104040301

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nginx配置文件详解

nginx配置文件存放位置

各个系统存放位置可能有些许不同，本文以Mac为例/usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf，打开后如下所示

#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

    server {
        listen       8080;
        server_name  localhost;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }


    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}


    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl;
    #    server_name  localhost;

    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}
    include servers/*;
}

配置文件整体可以分为三个部分，全局模块，events模块，http模块。

全局模块

从配置文件开始到events之间的内容，主要是设置一些影响nginx整体运行的配置指令，比如

# 指定Nginx要开启的进程数，注意不要大于CPU的内核数
worker_processes  1;

events模块

主要配置nginx与用户的网络连接

events {
	# 支持的最大连接数
    worker_connections  1024;
}

http模块

http模块又可以细分为sever模块，location模块和upstream模块

server模块

server {
		# 监听的端口号
        listen       8080;
        # 监听的域名或者IP地址
        server_name  localhost;

location模块

# 代理本地静态资源
location / {
			# 静态资源文件路径
            root   /Users/xxx/ideaProjects/webtest/dist;
            # 固定写法，一般不变
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }
        
# 代理服务器
        location /api/ {
        	# 代理服务器地址
            proxy_pass http://localhost:8080/;
        }

upstream模块

此模块主要用来配置负载均衡

# 在http模块中插入upstream模块
upstream myserver {
		# 负载均衡策略，默认为轮询，此处设置为ip_hash
		ip_hash;
        server IP地址:端口号;
        server 47.96.77.69:8080;
    }
    # 修改代理服务中的proxy_pass
        location /api/ {
        	# 将原来的IP+端口替换为myserver
            proxy_pass http://myserver/;
        }