raid5和lvm实验

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-19 10:15:00 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2024-10-19 10:15:00 发布 · 421 阅读

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raid5
1.首先添加4快硬盘大小为都为1g，分别为sdb，sdc，sdd，sde

[root@localhost ~]# lsblk
NAME   MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda      8:0    0   20G  0 disk
├─sda1   8:1    0  200M  0 part /boot
├─sda2   8:2    0    2G  0 part [SWAP]
└─sda3   8:3    0 17.8G  0 part /
sdb      8:16   0    1G  0 disk
sdc      8:32   0    1G  0 disk
sdd      8:48   0    1G  0 disk
sde      8:64   0    1G  0 disk
sr0     11:0    1  4.2G  0 rom

2.创建raid5
创建之前先学习一些参数

mdadm 用于管理Linux系统中的软件RAID硬盘阵列

参数	作用
-a	检测设备名称
-n	指定设备数量
-l	指定RAID级别
-C	创建
-v	显示过程
-f	模拟设备损坏
-r	移除设备
-Q	查看摘要信息
-D	查看详细信息
-S	停止RAID磁盘阵列

3.创建 md0

 [root@localhost ~]# mdadm -C /dev/md0 -l 5 -n 3 /dev/sd{b,c,d}
    mdadm: Defaulting to version 1.2 metadata
    mdadm: array /dev/md0 started.

[root@localhost ~]# cat /proc/mdstat  #查看数据同步情况
Personalities : [raid6] [raid5] [raid4]
md0 : active raid5 sdd[3] sdc[1] sdb[0]
      2093056 blocks super 1.2 level 5, 512k chunk, algorithm 2 [3/3] [UUU]

unused devices: <none>

4.查看md0 的详细信息

[root@localhost ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md0
/dev/md0:
           Version : 1.2
     Creation Time : Tue Oct 23 04:30:05 2018
        Raid Level : raid5
        Array Size : 2093056 (2044.00 MiB 2143.29 MB)
     Used Dev Size : 1046528 (1022.00 MiB 1071.64 MB)
      Raid Devices : 3
     Total Devices : 3
       Persistence : Superblock is persistent

       Update Time : Tue Oct 23 04:30:11 2018
             State : clean
    Active Devices : 3
   Working Devices : 3
    Failed Devices : 0
     Spare Devices : 0

            Layout : left-symmetric
        Chunk Size : 512K

Consistency Policy : resync

              Name : localhost.localdomain:0  (local to host localhost.localdomain)
              UUID : 15f623d1:dada1ec7:f6b5783e:632dfdf8
            Events : 18

    Number   Major   Minor   RaidDevice State
       0       8       16        0      active sync   /dev/sdb
       1       8       32        1      active sync   /dev/sdc
       3       8       48        2      active sync   /dev/sdd

5.查看 md0 uuid 的信息

[root@localhost ~]# mdadm -Ds /dev/md0
ARRAY /dev/md0 metadata=1.2 name=localhost.localdomain:0 UUID=05edfb62:67000a51:575ef59e:1af636cc

6.配置md0配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/mdadm.conf

device /dev/sdb /dev/sdc /dev/sdd
ARRAY /dev/md0 level=raid5 num-devices=3 UUID=05edfb62:67000a51:575ef59e:1af636cc
~

注意这里的 uuid 配置信息与查到的匹配要不启动停止后启动不起来了呢！！！！！！

7.停用 md0

[root@localhost ~]# mdadm -S /dev//md0
mdadm: stopped /dev//md0

根据配置文件启动md0

[root@localhost ~]# mdadm -As /dev/md0
mdadm: /dev/md0 has been started with 3 drives.

lvm
1.创建物理卷

[root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/md0
  Physical volume "/dev/md0" successfully created.

[root@localhost ~]# pvs
  PV         VG Fmt  Attr PSize  PFree
  /dev/md0      lvm2 ---  <2.00g <2.00g

2.创建卷组

[root@localhost ~]# vgcreate myvg /dev/md0
  Volume group "myvg" successfully created
[root@localhost ~]# vgs
  VG   #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize VFree
  myvg   1   0   0 wz--n- 1.99g 1.99g

3.创建逻辑卷

[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate -L 1500M -n lv1 myvg
  Logical volume "lv1" created.
[root@localhost ~]# lvs
  LV   VG   Attr       LSize Pool Origin Data%  Meta%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
  lv1  myvg -wi-a----- 1.46g

4.格式化逻辑卷

[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/myvg/lv1
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=128 blocks, Stripe width=256 blocks
96000 inodes, 384000 blocks
19200 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=394264576
12 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8000 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912

Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

5.挂载逻辑卷

[root@localhost /]# mkdir /lvm
[root@localhost /]# mount /dev/myvg/lv1 /lvm

6.在逻辑卷里面写一点东西

[root@localhost lvm]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/lvm/file count=1 bs=500M
1+0 records in
1+0 records out
524288000 bytes (524 MB) copied, 3.72588 s, 141 MB/s

7.模拟硬盘损坏

[root@localhost lvm]# mdadm /dev/md0 -f /dev/sdb
mdadm: set /dev/sdb faulty in /dev/md0

8.查看md0 的信息看出来了 sdb损坏

[root@localhost lvm]# mdadm -D /dev/md0
/dev/md0:
           Version : 1.2
     Creation Time : Tue Oct 23 05:10:20 2018
        Raid Level : raid5
        Array Size : 2093056 (2044.00 MiB 2143.29 MB)
     Used Dev Size : 1046528 (1022.00 MiB 1071.64 MB)
      Raid Devices : 3
     Total Devices : 3
       Persistence : Superblock is persistent

       Update Time : Tue Oct 23 05:39:20 2018
             State : clean, degraded
    Active Devices : 2
   Working Devices : 2
    Failed Devices : 1
     Spare Devices : 0

            Layout : left-symmetric
        Chunk Size : 512K

Consistency Policy : resync

              Name : localhost.localdomain:0  (local to host localhost.localdomain)
              UUID : 05edfb62:67000a51:575ef59e:1af636cc
            Events : 22

    Number   Major   Minor   RaidDevice State
       -       0        0        0      removed
       1       8       32        1      active sync   /dev/sdc
       3       8       48        2      active sync   /dev/sdd

       0       8       16        -      faulty   /dev/sdb

9.移除损坏的盘

[root@localhost lvm]# mdadm /dev/md0 -r /dev/sdb
mdadm: hot removed /dev/sdb from /dev/md0

10.查看阵列情况

[root@localhost lvm]# cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid6] [raid5] [raid4]
md0 : active raid5 sdd[3] sdc[1]
      2093056 blocks super 1.2 level 5, 512k chunk, algorithm 2 [3/2] [_UU]

unused devices: <none>

11.添加一块新的硬盘上去

[root@localhost lvm]# mdadm /dev/md0 -a /dev/sde
mdadm: added /dev/sde

10.查看日志

[root@localhost lvm]# cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid6] [raid5] [raid4]
md0 : active raid5 sde[4] sdd[3] sdc[1]
      2093056 blocks super 1.2 level 5, 512k chunk, algorithm 2 [3/3] [UUU]

unused devices: <none>

可以出 sde 已经更换上去了这人应该有的同步的校验恢复数据的过程，但是数据量大小，很快就恢复了，所以看不到了。

补充：
后面我换了三个 20 g的磁盘做实验然后就可以明确的看出磁盘校验数据的过程了


[root@localhost ~]# cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid6] [raid5] [raid4]
md0 : active raid5 sdd[3] sdc[1] sdb[0]
      41908224 blocks super 1.2 level 5, 512k chunk, algorithm 2 [3/2] [UU_]
      [=>...................]  recovery =  9.5% (2001024/20954112) finish=1.4min speed=222336K/sec

unused devices: <none>
[root@localhost ~]# cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid6] [raid5] [raid4]
md0 : active raid5 sdd[3] sdc[1] sdb[0]
      41908224 blocks super 1.2 level 5, 512k chunk, algorithm 2 [3/2] [UU_]
      [===>.................]  recovery = 19.1% (4020616/20954112) finish=1.3min speed=201030K/sec

unused devices: <none>
[root@localhost ~]# cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid6] [raid5] [raid4]
md0 : active raid5 sdd[3] sdc[1] sdb[0]
      41908224 blocks super 1.2 level 5, 512k chunk, algorithm 2 [3/2] [UU_]
      [======>..............]  recovery = 31.5% (6606720/20954112) finish=1.1min speed=206460K/sec

unused devices: <none>

从百分之 9.5 19.1 31.5 慢慢在校验