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[hadoop@node1 hive]$ tail -100 logs/hiveserver2.log SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.apache.logging.slf4j.Log4jLoggerFactory] which: no hbase in (/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/root/myenv:/export/server/jdk/bin:/export/server/hadoop/bin:/export/server/hadoop/sbin:/home/hadoop/.local/bin:/home/hadoop/bin) 2025-07-20 15:06:00: Starting HiveServer2 Error occurred during initialization of VM java.lang.InternalError: Could not create SecurityManager: allow at sun.misc.Launcher.<init>(Launcher.java:103) at sun.misc.Launcher.<clinit>(Launcher.java:54) at java.lang.ClassLoader.initSystemClassLoader(ClassLoader.java:1444) at java.lang.ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader(ClassLoader.java:1429) nohup: ignoring input SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings. SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/export/server/apache-hive-3.1.3-bin/lib/log4j-slf4j-impl-2.17.1.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class] SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/export/server/hadoop-3.4.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/slf4j-reload4j-1.7.36.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class] SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation. SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.apache.logging.slf4j.Log4jLoggerFactory] which: no hbase in (/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/root/myenv:/export/server/jdk/bin:/export/server/hadoop/bin:/export/server/hadoop/sbin:/home/hadoop/.local/bin:/home/hadoop/bin) 2025-07-20 15:06:24: Starting HiveServer2 Error occurred during initialization of VM java.lang.InternalError: Could not create SecurityManager: allow at sun.misc.Launcher.<init>(Launcher.java:103) at sun.misc.Launcher.<clinit>(Launcher.java:54) at java.lang.ClassLoader.initSystemClassLoader(ClassLoader.java:1444) at java.lang.ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader(ClassLoader.java:1429) nohup: ignoring input SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings. SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/export/server/apache-hive-3.1.3-bin/lib/log4j-slf4j-impl-2.17.1.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class] SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/export/server/hadoop-3.4.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/slf4j-reload4j-1.7.36.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class] SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation. SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.apache.logging.slf4j.Log4jLoggerFactory] which: no hbase in (/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/root/myenv:/export/server/jdk/bin:/export/server/hadoop/bin:/export/server/hadoop/sbin:/home/hadoop/.local/bin:/home/hadoop/bin) 2025-07-20 15:08:08: Starting HiveServer2 Error occurred during initialization of VM java.lang.InternalError: Could not create SecurityManager: allow at sun.misc.Launcher.<init>(Launcher.java:103) at sun.misc.Launcher.<clinit>(Launcher.java:54) at java.lang.ClassLoader.initSystemClassLoader(ClassLoader.java:1444) at java.lang.ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader(ClassLoader.java:1429) nohup: ignoring input SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings. SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/export/server/apache-hive-3.1.3-bin/lib/log4j-slf4j-impl-2.17.1.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class] SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/export/server/hadoop-3.4.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/slf4j-reload4j-1.7.36.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class] SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation. SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.apache.logging.slf4j.Log4jLoggerFactory] which: no hbase in (/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/root/myenv:/export/server/jdk/bin:/export/server/hadoop/bin:/export/server/hadoop/sbin:/home/hadoop/.local/bin:/home/hadoop/bin) 2025-07-20 15:18:27: Starting HiveServer2 Error occurred during initialization of VM java.lang.InternalError: Could not create SecurityManager: allow at sun.misc.Launcher.<init>(Launcher.java:103) at sun.misc.Launcher.<clinit>(Launcher.java:54) at java.lang.ClassLoader.initSystemClassLoader(ClassLoader.java:1444) at java.lang.ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader(ClassLoader.java:1429) nohup: ignoring input SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings. SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/export/server/apache-hive-3.1.3-bin/lib/log4j-slf4j-impl-2.17.1.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class] SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/export/server/hadoop-3.4.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/slf4j-reload4j-1.7.36.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class] SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation. SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.apache.logging.slf4j.Log4jLoggerFactory] which: no hbase in (/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/root/myenv:/export/server/jdk/bin:/export/server/hadoop/bin:/export/server/hadoop/sbin:/home/hadoop/.local/bin:/home/hadoop/bin) 2025-07-20 15:34:00: Starting HiveServer2 Error occurred during initialization of VM java.lang.InternalError: Could not create SecurityManager: allow at sun.misc.Launcher.<init>(Launcher.java:103) at sun.misc.Launcher.<clinit>(Launcher.java:54) at java.lang.ClassLoader.initSystemClassLoader(ClassLoader.java:1444) at java.lang.ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader(ClassLoader.java:1429) nohup: ignoring input SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings. SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/export/server/apache-hive-3.1.3-bin/lib/log4j-slf4j-impl-2.17.1.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class] SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/export/server/hadoop-3.4.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/slf4j-reload4j-1.7.36.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class] SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation. SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.apache.logging.slf4j.Log4jLoggerFactory] which: no hbase in (/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/root/myenv:/export/server/jdk/bin:/export/server/hadoop/bin:/export/server/hadoop/sbin:/home/hadoop/.local/bin:/home/hadoop/bin) 2025-07-20 15:34:40: Starting HiveServer2 Error occurred during initialization of VM java.lang.InternalError: Could not create SecurityManager: allow at sun.misc.Launcher.<init>(Launcher.java:103) at sun.misc.Launcher.<clinit>(Launcher.java:54) at java.lang.ClassLoader.initSystemClassLoader(ClassLoader.java:1444) at java.lang.ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader(ClassLoader.java:1429) nohup: ignoring input SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings. SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/export/server/apache-hive-3.1.3-bin/lib/log4j-slf4j-impl-2.17.1.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class] SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/export/server/hadoop-3.4.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/slf4j-reload4j-1.7.36.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class] SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation. SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.apache.logging.slf4j.Log4jLoggerFactory] which: no hbase in (/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/root/myenv:/export/server/jdk/bin:/export/server/hadoop/bin:/export/server/hadoop/sbin:/home/hadoop/.local/bin:/home/hadoop/bin) 2025-07-20 15:36:56: Starting HiveServer2 Error occurred during initialization of VM java.lang.InternalError: Could not create SecurityManager: allow at sun.misc.Launcher.<init>(Launcher.java:103) at sun.misc.Launcher.<clinit>(Launcher.java:54) at java.lang.ClassLoader.initSystemClassLoader(ClassLoader.java:1444) at java.lang.ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader(ClassLoader.java:1429) 这个是hiveserver2日志
最新发布
07-21
<think>我们正在解决HiveServer2启动失败的问题,特别是与Java SecurityManager和SLF4J绑定冲突相关的错误。 根据用户描述,错误信息包括: - Could not create SecurityManager - SLF4J multiple bindings 我们首先分析这两个错误的原因和解决方案。 1. SLF4J multiple bindings(SLF4J多绑定问题) SLF4J是一个日志门面,它允许在运行时绑定到具体的日志实现(如log4j, logback等)。当类路径中存在多个SLF4J绑定(即多个日志实现jar)时,就会出现此警告。 在Hive环境中,通常使用log4j作为日志实现,但可能由于依赖冲突,引入了多个日志实现的jar包(比如同时存在log4j和logback的绑定器)。 解决方案: - 检查Hive的lib目录下是否有多个slf4j的绑定jar,例如: slf4j-log4j12.jar(log4j绑定) slf4j-jdk14.jar(java.util.logging绑定) logback-classic.jar(logback绑定) - 移除多余的绑定,只保留一个(Hive通常使用slf4j-log4j12.jar)。 操作步骤: ```bash # 进入Hive的lib目录 cd /export/server/hive/lib # 查找多余的绑定jar,比如移除logback-classic.jar(如果存在) rm -f logback-classic.jar # 同时,检查是否有多个slf4j-log4j12的版本,确保只有一个 ls -l slf4j-log4j12* ``` 2. Could not create SecurityManager(无法创建安全管理器) 这个错误通常与Java安全管理器(SecurityManager)的配置有关。在Hadoop/Spark环境中,SecurityManager用于控制权限,但有时会因为类加载或配置问题导致初始化失败。 可能的原因: - 类路径中存在多个不同版本的SecurityManager相关类(比如hadoop-common中的AccessControlException和hbase中的冲突)。 - 安全配置文件(java.policy)缺失或配置错误。 解决方案: - 检查类路径冲突:使用`hadoop classpath`命令查看类路径,检查是否有重复的jar包(特别是hadoop-common和hbase-client等)。 - 检查Hadoop的配置文件(core-site.xml)中是否启用了SecurityManager: ```xml <property> <name>hadoop.security.authorization</name> <value>true</value> </property> ``` 如果启用了,确保已经正确配置了安全策略文件(参考Hadoop安全文档)。 - 如果不需要安全管理器,可以禁用它(不推荐在生产环境): 在启动hiveserver2时添加JVM参数: ```bash export HADOOP_OPTS="-Djava.security.manager= -Djava.security.policy==/path/to/my.policy" ``` 或者直接禁用: ```bash export HADOOP_OPTS="-Djava.security.manager=" ``` 3. 结合两个错误,我们还需要考虑日志冲突可能影响SecurityManager的初始化,因为日志系统初始化很早,如果日志绑定冲突可能导致后续初始化失败。 综合步骤: 步骤1:解决SLF4J多绑定问题 清理Hive lib目录下多余的日志绑定jar。 步骤2:检查类路径冲突 使用以下命令检查类路径: ```bash hadoop classpath hive --service hiveserver2 --help ``` 观察输出中是否有重复的jar包路径。 步骤3:检查Hadoop安全配置 查看core-site.xml中是否启用了安全认证,如果启用了,确保配置正确(包括kerberos等)。如果未启用,则忽略。 步骤4:调整启动脚本 在hiveserver2的启动脚本中(或者通过环境变量)设置JVM参数,尝试禁用安全管理器(仅用于测试): ```bash export HADOOP_OPTS="-Djava.security.manager=" ``` 然后重新启动hiveserver2。 步骤5:查看详细日志 如果问题依旧,查看hiveserver2的详细日志(/export/server/hive/logs/hiveserver2.log),寻找更具体的错误堆栈。 注意:在CDH环境中(如用户引用[2]提到的),可能存在自定义的依赖冲突,因为CDH对Spark进行了裁剪。如果HiveServer2依赖了Spark的某些组件(比如在Hive on Spark模式下),那么需要确保Spark的依赖与Hive兼容。 如果用户的环境是CDH,并且使用了Spark,那么还需要检查Spark的依赖是否被正确引入,避免冲突。 由于用户没有提供具体的错误日志,以上是基于常见问题的通用解决方案。 生成相关问题: 1. 如何检查HiveServer2启动时的类路径冲突? 2. 在CDH环境中如何解决Hive和Spark之间的依赖冲突? 3. Hadoop安全认证(Kerberos)如何配置? 4. SLF4J多绑定问题会导致哪些具体问题? 5. 如何为HiveServer2配置JVM启动参数?</think>### 解决 HiveServer2 启动失败问题(SecurityManager + SLF4J 绑定冲突) #### 核心问题分析 1. **SecurityManager 创建失败** 通常由 Java 安全策略文件缺失或权限不足导致,错误日志类似: `java.lang.SecurityException: Could not create SecurityManager` 2. **SLF4J 多绑定冲突** 多个日志实现冲突导致,错误日志类似: `SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings` --- ### 分步解决方案 #### 1. 解决 SLF4J 绑定冲突(优先级高) ```bash # 进入 Hive 的 lib 目录 cd /export/server/hive/lib # 删除冲突的日志绑定(保留一个即可) rm -f slf4j-log4j12-*.jar # 保留一个版本 rm -f logback-classic-*.jar # 移除 logback 绑定 rm -f slf4j-jdk14-*.jar # 移除 JUL 绑定 # 验证剩余日志绑定 ls -l | grep slf4j ``` **关键原则**: - 只保留 **一个** SLF4J 实现(推荐 `slf4j-log4j12`) - 移除所有其他绑定(logback/jul/NOP 等)[^1] --- #### 2. 修复 SecurityManager 问题 ```bash # 创建安全策略文件(若缺失) sudo tee /etc/hive/security/hive.policy <<EOF grant { permission java.security.AllPermission; }; EOF # 在 hive-site.xml 添加配置 <property> <name>hive.server2.enable.doAs</name> <value>false</value> <!-- 禁用代理用户 --> </property> <property> <name>java.security.policy</name> <value>/etc/hive/security/hive.policy</value> <!-- 策略文件路径 --> </property> ``` --- #### 3. 验证类路径冲突 ```bash # 检查 Hadoop 和 Hive 的依赖冲突 hadoop classpath | tr ':' '\n' | grep -E 'slf4j|guava' # 典型冲突示例: # hadoop-3.x 自带 guava-27,Hive 3.x 需要 guava-19 # 解决方案:将 Hive 的 guava-19.jar 复制到 Hadoop 的 lib 目录 cp /export/server/hive/lib/guava-*.jar $HADOOP_HOME/share/hadoop/common/lib/ ``` --- #### 4. 完整启动命令(带调试) ```bash # 先清理环境 pkill -f HiveServer2 # 启动带调试日志 export HADOOP_OPTS="-Djava.security.debug=access,failure" nohup /export/server/hive/bin/hive \ --service hiveserver2 \ --hiveconf hive.root.logger=DEBUG,console \ > /tmp/hiveserver2.log 2>&1 & # 检查日志 tail -f /tmp/hiveserver2.log | grep -E 'SecurityManager|SLF4J' ``` --- ### 关键配置说明 | 配置项 | 推荐值 | 作用 | |--------|--------|------| | `hive.server2.enable.doAs` | `false` | 禁用代理用户模式 | | `java.security.policy` | `/etc/hive/security/hive.policy` | 安全策略文件路径 | | `hive.log.dir` | `/export/server/hive/logs` | 统一日志目录 | | `log4j.logger.org.apache.hive` | `DEBUG` | 启用 Hive 调试日志 | --- ### 相关问题 1. 如何在 Kerberos 环境下解决 `GSS initiate failed` 错误? 2. 如何修复 `NoSuchMethodError: com.google.common.base.Stopwatch.createStarted()` 错误? 3. CDH 环境中如何解决 Spark 与 Hive 的 Guava 版本冲突[^2]? 4. 如何为 HiveServer2 配置基于文件的身份验证? 5. 使用 Beeline 连接 HiveServer2 时出现 `User: anonymous is not allowed` 错误的解决方法? [^1]: SLF4J 官方明确要求只能存在一个绑定实现 [^2]: CDH 5.x 的 Spark 1.6 与 Hive 存在兼容性问题
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