Django框架学习笔记（23.中间件结合实例介绍）

最新推荐文章于 2025-03-24 10:15:00 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2025-03-24 10:15:00 发布

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本文详细介绍了Django中间件的工作原理及其使用方法。通过具体示例展示了如何创建和配置中间件来处理请求和响应，包括process_request、process_view及process_response等关键方法。

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中间件的作用是对所有的请求做统一操作

实例：

创建一个Middle文件夹，新建一个m1.py

from django.utils.deprecation import MiddlewareMixin
from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse

class Row1(MiddlewareMixin):
    def process_request(self, request):
        print('1')

    def process_response(self, request, response):
        print('|1|')
        return response


class Row2(MiddlewareMixin):
    def process_request(self, request):
        print('2')
        return HttpResponse('STOP')

    def process_response(self, request, response):
        print('|2|')
        return response


class Row3(MiddlewareMixin):
    def process_request(self, request):
        print('3')

    def process_response(self, request, response):
        print('|3|')
        return response

定义一个测试URL：

urls.py:

url(r'^test/$', views.test),

views.py:

def test(request):
    print('成功')
    return HttpResponse('OK')

settings.py中配置中间件：

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
     'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',

    'Middle.m1.Row1',
    'Middle.m1.Row2',
    'Middle.m1.Row3',
]

运行后访问测试URL输出：

中间件还有其他操作：

m1.py:

from django.utils.deprecation import MiddlewareMixin
from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse

class Row1(MiddlewareMixin):
    def process_request(self, request):
        print('1')

    def process_view(self, request, view_func, view_func_args, view_func_kwargs):
        print('*1*')

    def process_response(self, request, response):
        print('|1|')
        return response


class Row2(MiddlewareMixin):
    def process_request(self, request):
        print('2')

    def process_view(self, request, view_func, view_func_args, view_func_kwargs):
        print('*2*')
    def process_response(self, request, response):
        print('|2|')
        return response


class Row3(MiddlewareMixin):
    def process_request(self, request):
        print('3')

    def process_view(self, request, view_func, view_func_args, view_func_kwargs):
        print('*3*')

    def process_response(self, request, response):
        print('|3|')
        return response