Python列表操作详解-优快云博客

列表：

正向索引和反向索引：

In [2]: li = [1,1.1,"westos",(1,2,3,4),[1,2,3,4]]

In [3]: print li
[1, 1.1, 'westos', (1, 2, 3, 4), [1, 2, 3, 4]]

In [16]: li [::-1]
Out[16]: [[1, 2, 3, 4], (1, 2, 3, 4), 'westos', 7, 1]

In [17]: li [0]
Out[17]: 1

In [18]: li [-1]
Out[18]: [1, 2, 3, 4]

拿出最后的一个元素，在哪出最后一个元素列表的第三个个元素

In [19]: li [-1][3]
Out[19]: 4

切片：

In [10]: li [1:]
Out[10]: [7, 'westos', (1, 2, 3, 4), [1, 2, 3, 4]]

In [11]: li [-1:]
Out[11]: [[1, 2, 3, 4]]

In [12]: print li
[1, 7, 'westos', (1, 2, 3, 4), [1, 2, 3, 4]]

In [13]: li [2]
Out[13]: 'westos'

In [14]: print li
[1, 7, 'westos', (1, 2, 3, 4), [1, 2, 3, 4]]

逆序显示：

n [16]: li [::-1]
Out[16]: [[1, 2, 3, 4], (1, 2, 3, 4), 'westos', 7, 1]

列表的增删改查：

append：追加元素到列表的最后：

In [20]: ip = ["192.168.0.1","172.25.2.4","192.1680.101","192.168.6.4"]

In [21]: ip.append("192.168.0.201")

In [22]: print ip
['192.168.0.1', '172.25.2.4', '192.1680.101', '192.168.6.4', '192.168.0.201']

insert：增加元素到列表的指定位置：

In [22]: print ip
['192.168.0.1', '172.25.2.4', '192.1680.101', '192.168.6.4', '192.168.0.201']

In [23]: ip.insert(1,"192.168.0.2")

In [24]: print ip
['192.168.0.1', '192.168.0.2', '172.25.2.4', '192.1680.101', '192.168.6.4', '192.168.0.201']

extend：增加多个元素到列表的最后：

In [26]: ip.extend(["1.1.1.1","2.2.2.2"])

In [27]: print ip
['192.168.0.1', '192.168.0.2', '172.25.2.4', '192.1680.101', '192.168.6.4', '192.168.0.201', '1.1.1.1', '2.2.2.2']

通过列表的索引，对列表的某个索引值重新赋值：

In [28]: ip[2]= "1.1.1.1"

In [29]: print ip
['192.168.0.1', '192.168.0.2', '1.1.1.1', '192.1680.101', '192.168.6.4', '192.168.0.201', '1.1.1.1', '2.2.2.2']
count：统计某个元素到列表出现的次数：

In [30]: ip.count("1.1.1.1")
Out[30]: 2
index：找到某个值在列表的索引值：

In [31]: ip.index("2.2.2.2")
Out[31]: 7
删除指定列表的value值：

In [32]: ip.remove("192.1680.101")

In [33]: print ip
['192.168.0.1', '192.168.0.2', '1.1.1.1', '192.168.6.4', '192.168.0.201', '1.1.1.1', '2.2.2.2']

del 删除列表中第i个索引值：

In [34]: del ip[2]

In [35]: print ip
['192.168.0.1', '192.168.0.2', '192.168.6.4', '192.168.0.201', '1.1.1.1', '2.2.2.2']
pop 删除指定索引对应的值。默认是最后的一个元素，pop（0）删除列表第一个元素：

In [36]: ip.pop()
Out[36]: '2.2.2.2'

In [37]: print ip
['192.168.0.1', '192.168.0.2', '192.168.6.4', '192.168.0.201', '1.1.1.1']

其他排序及逆转：

如果都是数字，按照数字大小排序：

如果是字母,按照ascii码来排序：

列表的练习：

#! /usr/bin/env python

#coding:utf-8

trycount = 0

while trycount<3:

inname = raw_input("name:")

name = ["root","123","haha"]

inpasswd = raw_input("password:")

password = ["westos","123","haha"]

index = name.index(inname)

if inpasswd == password[index]:

print "登录成功!!"

exit()

else:

print "登录失败!!"

trycount += 1

else:

print "超过三次"

列表构建栈和队列数据结构：

栈是先进后出：

#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding:utf-8
stack = []
info = """
栈操作
1). 入栈
2). 出栈
3). 栈长度
4). 查看栈
5). 退出
请输入你的选择:"""
# 死循环
while True:
     choice = raw_input(info).strip()
     if choice == "1":
         print "入栈操作".center(40, "*")
         value = raw_input("请输入入栈元素:")
         stack.append(value)
         print "元素%s入栈成功..." %(value)
     elif choice == "2":
         print "出栈操作".center(40, "*")
         # if len(stack) == 0:
         if not stack:
              print "栈为空"
         else:
              item = stack.pop()
              print "元素%s出栈成功...." %(item)
     elif choice == "3":
         print "查看栈长度".center(40, "*")
         print len(stack)
     elif choice == "4":
         print "查看栈元素".center(40, "*")
         if not stack:
            print "栈为空"
         for i in stack:
            print i,
     elif choice == "5":
         exit()
     else:

print "请输入正确的选择......"

队列：

队列是先进先出：

#! /usr/bin/env python

#coding:utf-8

queue = ["cao","ni","mei"]

print """

队列操作

1）入对：enqueue

2）出对：

3）查处队列

4）退出

请输入你的选择："""

while True:

choice = raw_input().strip()

if choice == "1":

value = raw_input("请输出队列元素：")

queue.append(value)

elif choice == "2":

if not queue:

print "对为空"

else:

queue.pop(0)

elif choice == "3":

if not queue:

print "对为空"

for i in queue:

print i

elif choice == "4":

exit()

else:

print "请输出正确选择"

卡号由6位组成，前3位是610，后面的依次是001, 002, 003...100
cardids = []
for i in range(1, 101): # i = 1, 2, 3, 4...100
a = "610%.3d" %(i) # a= 610001, 610002, 610003, ....610100
cardids.append(a)
# print cardids # cardids是列表
# 卡号显示，每10个卡号换行显示；
for i, j in enumerate(cardids): # i,j = 0 610001
if i%10==0:
print
print j,

#! /usr/bin/env python

#coding:utf-8

l = []

for i in range(1,101):

a = "610%.3d" %(i)

l.append(a)

print {}.fromkeys(l,"000000")