后端-框架-Spring-Spring MVC环境搭建(注解实现)

后端-框架-Spring-Spring MVC环境搭建(注解实现)

1. 导入相关包

• spring-web-5.1.1.RELEASE.jar
• spring-webmvc-5.1.1.RELEASE.jar

2. 配置文件

• web.xml中配置Servlet

<!-- 对于头文件去Tomcat中的例子找 -->
<!-- 对于其中配置去Spring的doc找 -->
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
                      http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
  version="3.1"
  metadata-complete="true">
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
		<init-param><!-- 初始化DispatcherServlet类 -->
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring-servlet.xml</param-value>
		</init-param>
    	<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup><!-- 设置为自动启动 -->
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern><!-- 即拦截所有请求信息 -->
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

• 创建Spring MVC配置文件spring-servlet.xml

<!-- 对于头文件去Spring的doc找 --><!-- 报错可能是没有输入版本号 -->
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.3.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd">

    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
	
	<!-- 配置处理器映射 HandlerMapping -->
	<!-- 扫描包下所有@Controller注解的javabean -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="cn.smbms.controller"/>
	<!-- 配置视图解析器 --><!-- CTRL+SHIFT+H 打开输入ViewResolver查找相关类 -->
	<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
		<!-- 其中的文件名为上方IndexController中返回的逻辑视图名,即/WEB-INF/index.jsp -->
		<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
	</bean>
	<!-- 全局异常处理配置 -->
	<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">
		<property name="exceptionMappings">
			<props>
				<prop key="java.lang.RuntimeException">error</prop>
			</props>
		</property>
	</bean>
</beans>

3.创建Controller处理请求控制器

package cn.smbms.controller;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

@Controller
public class IndexController {
	
	@RequestMapping("/index.html")
	protected ModelAndView getIndex(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1) throws Exception {
		return new ModelAndView("index");//返回逻辑视图名
	}
	
	@RequestMapping(value="exLogin.html",method=RequestMethod.GET)
	public String exLogin(@RequestParam String userCode,@RequestParam String userPassword){
		logger.info("exLogin=========");
		User user = userService.login(userCode,userPassword);
		if(user==null){
			throw new RuntimeException("用户名或密码不正确");
		}
		return "redirect:/user/login.html";
	}
	//局部异常处理
	@ExceptionHandler(value={RuntimeException.class})
	public String handlerException(RuntimeException e,HttpServletRequest req){
		req.setAttribute("e", e);
		return "error";
	}
}

4.创建index.jsp文件

• 建立至相应目录

5.部署至Tomcat

以下为结构图

相关链接

• Spring MVC参数传递(注解实现)