spring security入门

最新推荐文章于 2025-06-08 00:18:58 发布

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本文详细介绍如何使用Spring Security保护Web应用程序，从搭建Maven项目到配置安全规则，包括创建登录页面和实现用户认证。

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spring security入门

建立maven project spring-security-demo
书写pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>cn.itcast.demo</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-security-demo</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  
  <properties>
		<spring.version>4.2.4.RELEASE</spring.version>
  </properties>
  
  <dependencies>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId>
			<version>4.1.0.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId>
			<version>4.1.0.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
			<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
			<version>2.5</version>
			<scope>provided</scope>
		</dependency>


	</dependencies>
	<build>
	  <plugins>		
	      <!-- java编译插件 -->
		  <plugin>
				<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
				<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
				<version>3.2</version>
				<configuration>
					<source>1.7</source>
					<target>1.7</target>
					<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
				</configuration>
		  </plugin>      
	      <plugin>
				<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
				<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
				<configuration>
					<!-- 指定端口 -->
					<port>9090</port>
					<!-- 请求路径 -->
					<path>/</path>
				</configuration>
	  	  </plugin>
	   </plugins>  
    </build>
</project>

3.书写web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
	version="2.5">	

  	 <context-param>
		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
		<param-value>classpath:spring-security.xml</param-value>
	 </context-param>
	 <listener>
		<listener-class>
			org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
		</listener-class>
	 </listener>
	
	 <filter>  
		<filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>  
		<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>  
	 </filter>  
	 <filter-mapping>  
		<filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>  
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  
	 </filter-mapping>
	
</web-app>

4.在webapp下创建一个页面

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>首页</title>
</head>
<body>
欢迎进入神奇的spring security世界
</body>
</html>

5.在resource目录下创建spring-security.xml文件，内容如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"
	xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
						http://www.springframework.org/schema/security http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security.xsd">

	<!-- 设置不登录也可以访问的页面 -->
	<http pattern="/login.html" security="none" ></http>
	<http pattern="/login_error.html" security="none" ></http>
	
	<!-- 页面的拦截规则    use-expressions：是否启用SPEL表达式-->
	<http use-expressions="false">
		<!-- 当前用户必须属于role_user的角色时才可以访问根目录及其子目录的资源ROLE必须为大写 -->
		<intercept-url pattern="/**" access="ROLE_USER"/>
		<!-- 开启表单登录功能 default-target-url:登录成功后的跳转页面,authentication-failure-url:登录失败跳转的页面-->
		<form-login login-page="/login.html" default-target-url="/index.html" authentication-failure-url="/login_error.html"/>
		<csrf disabled="true"/>
	</http>
	
	<!-- 认证管理器 -->
	<authentication-manager>
		<authentication-provider>
			<user-service>
				<!-- 定义一个用户admin，属于ROLE_USER角色 -->
				<user name="admin" password="123456" authorities="ROLE_USER"/>
			</user-service>
		</authentication-provider>
	</authentication-manager>
</beans:beans>

6.书写登录，登录失败页面

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>登录</title>
</head>
<body>
	<form action="/login" method="post">
		用户名:<input name="username"><br>
		密码：<input name="password"><br>
		<button>登录</button>
		
	</form>
</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	登录失败，用户名或密码错误
</body>
</html>