[oracle@localhost ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Thu Jun 25 10:41:57 2020
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL>select * from v$nls_parameters where parameter='NLS_CHARACTERSET';
PARAMETER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
VALUE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NLS_CHARACTERSET
AL32UTF8
SQL>shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup mount
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1.3362E+10 bytes
Fixed Size 2217952 bytes
Variable Size 6777997344 bytes
Database Buffers 6576668672 bytes
Redo Buffers 4960256 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM ENABLE RESTRICTED SESSION;
System altered.
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES=0;
System altered.
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET AQ_TM_PROCESSES=0;
System altered.
SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.
SQL> ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK;
ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-12712: new character set must be a superset of old character set
SQL> ALTER DATABASE character set INTERNAL_USE ZHS16GBK;
Database altered.
SQL>select * from v$nls_parameters;
PARAMETER
----------------------------------------------------------------
VALUE
----------------------------------------------------------------
NLS_LANGUAGE
AMERICAN
NLS_TERRITORY
AMERICA
NLS_CURRENCY
$
PARAMETER
----------------------------------------------------------------
VALUE
----------------------------------------------------------------
NLS_ISO_CURRENCY
AMERICA
NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS
.,
NLS_CALENDAR
GREGORIAN
PARAMETER
----------------------------------------------------------------
VALUE
----------------------------------------------------------------
NLS_DATE_FORMAT
DD-MON-RR
NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE
AMERICAN
NLS_CHARACTERSET
ZHS16GBK
PARAMETER
----------------------------------------------------------------
VALUE
----------------------------------------------------------------
NLS_SORT
BINARY
NLS_TIME_FORMAT
HH.MI.SSXFF AM
NLS_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT
DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM
PARAMETER
----------------------------------------------------------------
VALUE
----------------------------------------------------------------
NLS_TIME_TZ_FORMAT
HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR
NLS_TIMESTAMP_TZ_FORMAT
DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR
NLS_DUAL_CURRENCY
$
PARAMETER
----------------------------------------------------------------
VALUE
----------------------------------------------------------------
NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET
AL16UTF16
NLS_COMP
BINARY
NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS
BYTE
PARAMETER
----------------------------------------------------------------
VALUE
----------------------------------------------------------------
NLS_NCHAR_CONV_EXCP
FALSE
19 rows selected.
SQL>shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1.3362E+10 bytes
Fixed Size 2217952 bytes
Variable Size 6777997344 bytes
Database Buffers 6576668672 bytes
Redo Buffers 4960256 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL>
SQL>select * from nls_database_parameters t where t.parameter='NLS_CHARACTERSET';
PARAMETER
------------------------------
VALUE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NLS_CHARACTERSET
ZHS16GBK
SQL>