spring cloud服务发现与消费_springcloud 微服务实战服务发现与消费-优快云博客

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/qq_39705793/article/details/86544283

本文详细介绍了如何在Spring Boot环境中实现微服务的消费与负载均衡，包括创建服务消费者、引入依赖、配置Eureka客户端及Ribbon负载均衡器，通过实例展示了如何使用RestTemplate调用远程服务。

摘要生成于 C知道，由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持，前往体验 >

服务发现与消费

1. 创建服务消费者

2. 引入依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.1.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.zyl</groupId>
    <artifactId>consumer</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>consumer</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Finchley.SR2</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

    <repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>spring-milestones</id>
            <name>Spring Milestones</name>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
        </repository>
    </repositories>

</project>

3. 主应用添加注释，并且添加负载均衡

@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class ConsumerApplication {
    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    RestTemplate template(){
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ConsumerApplication.class, args);
    }

}

4. 编写服务消费的Controller

@RestController
public class ConsumerController {

    @Autowired
    RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @RequestMapping(value = "/ribben-consumer")
    public String helloConsumer(){
        return restTemplate.getForEntity("http://demo-server/index",String.class).getBody();
    }
}

在这里可以看到访问的是服务名，而不是具体的地址

5. 配置文件

spring.application.name=consumer
server.port=9000

eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://one:7998/eureka/,http://three:7999/eureka/