【嵌入式系统学习记录】基于简易通讯录对指针、结构体、函数的使用体会

项目：简易通讯录

#ifndef _NODE_H_
#define _NODE_H_
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>

#define SUCCESS 10000
#define FAILURE 10001

typedef char DataType;

struct person
{
	DataType number[10];
	DataType name[10];
	DataType address[20];
	DataType phone[20];
	DataType telephone[20];
	struct person *next;
};
typedef struct person Per;

void Add(Per *p);
void Query(Per *p);
void List(Per *p);
void Delete(Per *p);
void Updata(Per *p);

#endif

#include"Node.h"
/*char *number = (char *)malloc(sizeof(char) * 10);
char *name = (char *)malloc(sizeof(char) * 10);
char *phone = (char *)malloc(sizeof(char) * 20);
char *address = (char *)malloc(sizeof(char) * 20);
char *telephone = (char *)malloc(sizeof(char) * 10);*/

void Add(Per *p)
{
	Per *s = p;

	Per *n = (Per *)malloc(sizeof(Per));
	if(NULL == n)
	{
		printf("ERROR!\n");
		exit(1);
	}
	printf("开始添加联系人\n");
	printf("请输入001-999编号：\n");
	scanf("%s", n -> number);
	getchar();
	while(strlen(n -> number) != 3)
	{
		printf("请重新输入001-999编号：\n");
		scanf("%s", n -> number);
		getchar();
	}
	printf("请输入姓名：\n");
	scanf("%s", n -> name);
	getchar();
	while(strlen(n -> name) > 10 || strlen(n -> name) < 1)
	{
		printf("请重新输入姓名：\n");
	    scanf("%s", n -> name);
	    getchar();
	}
	printf("请输入20以下地址：\n");	
	scanf("%s", n -> address);
	getchar();
	while(strlen(n -> address) > 20 || strlen(n -> address ) < 0)
	{
		printf("请重新输入20以下地址：\n"); 
		scanf("%s", n -> address);
		getchar();
	}
	printf("请输入11位号码：\n");
	scanf("%s", n -> phone);
	getchar();
	while(strlen(n -> phone) != 11)
	{
		printf("请重新输入11位号码：\n");
	    scanf("%s", n -> phone);
		getchar();
	}
	
	printf("请输入8位住宅电话：\n");
	scanf("%s", n -> telephone);
	getchar();
	while(strlen(n -> telephone) != 8)
	{
		 printf("请重新输入8位住宅电话：\n");
	     scanf("%s", n -> telephone);
	     getchar();
	}
	n -> next = p -> next;; 
	p -> next = n;  
	printf("添加成功！\n");
}
void List(Per *p)
{
	int i = 0;
	if(NULL == p)
	{
		printf("ERROR!\n");
	}
	
	Per *s = p -> next;

	printf("\t编号\t姓名\t地址\t号码\t\t宅电\n");
	printf("============================================================\n");
	Per *tmp = (Per *)malloc(sizeof(Per));
	Per *q1 = p;
	Per *q2 = p -> next;
	for (q1 = p; q1 = NULL; q1 = q1 -> next)
	{
		for(q2 = p -> next; q2 != NULL; q2 = q2 -> next)
		{
			if(strcmp(q2 -> name, q2 -> next -> name) > 0)
			{
				tmp = q2;
				q2 = q2 -> next;
				q2 -> next= tmp;
			}
		}
	}
	while(s) 
	{
		printf("\t%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\n",s->number,s->name,s->address,s->phone,s->telephone);
	//	q(s->number,s->name,s->address,s->phone,s->telephone);
		s = s -> next;
	}
}

void Query(Per *p)
{
	int count = 0;
	if(NULL == p)
	{
		printf("ERROE\n");
	}
	
	char *n = (char *)malloc(sizeof(20));
	printf("请输入要查找的姓名:\n");
	scanf("%s",n);

	printf("\t编号\t姓名\t地址\t号码\t\t宅电\t\n");
	printf("============================================================\n");

	Per *s = p -> next;
	while(s)
	{
		if(strcmp(n, s -> name) == 0)
		{	
			printf("\t%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\n",s->number,s->name,s->address,s->phone,s->telephone);
			count++;
		}
		s = s -> next;
	}
	if(count == 0)
	{
		printf("未找到此人！\n");
	}
}

void Delete(Per *p)
{
	if(NULL == p)
	{
		printf("ERROE\n");
	}
	char *m = (char *)malloc(sizeof(char) * 10);
	int count = 0;
	printf("请输入要删除的姓名:\n");
	scanf("%s",m);

	Per *s = p;

		while(s != NULL && s -> next != NULL)
		{
			if(strcmp(m, s ->next -> name) == 0)
			{
				Per *n = s -> next;
				s -> next = n -> next;
				free(n);
				printf("删除 %s 成功!\n", m);
				count++;
			}
			s = s -> next;
		}
		if(count == 0)
		{
			printf("未找到此人！删除失败！\n");
		}
}

void Updata(Per *p)
{
	char *m = (char *)malloc(sizeof(char) * 10);
	if(NULL == 	p)
	{
		printf("ERROR!\n");
	}
	printf("请输入需要修改的联系人：\n");
	scanf("%s", m);

	Per *s = p -> next;

	while(s != NULL)
	{
		if(strcmp(m, s -> name) == 0)
		{
			printf("请输入新的编号：");
			scanf("%s", s -> number);
			getchar();
			printf("请输入新的姓名：");
			scanf("%s", s -> name);
			getchar();
			printf("请输入新的电话：");
			scanf("%s", s -> phone);
			getchar();
			printf("请输入新的住址：");
			scanf("%s", s -> address);
			getchar();
			printf("请输入新的宅电：");
			scanf("%s", s -> telephone);
			getchar();
		}
		s = s -> next;
	}
}

#include"Node.h"

/*void visit(DataType a, DataType b, DataType c, DataType d, DataType e)
{
	printf("\t%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\n", a, b, c, d, e);
}*/

int main()
{
	system("clear");
	int choice;
	char value;
	Per *per = (Per *)malloc(sizeof(Per));
	if( NULL == per)
	{
		printf("Malloc error!\n");
		exit(1);
	}
	per -> next = NULL;
	
	printf("\t*********************************\n");
	printf("\t************渣渣通讯录***********\n");
	printf("\t*********************************\n");
	sleep(1);
	system("clear");

	while(1)
	{
	printf("\t1.添加好友\t2.列出好友\t3.查找好友\n");
	printf("\t4.删除好友\t5.修改信息\t6.退出系统\n");
	scanf("%d",&choice);
	getchar();
		switch(choice)
		{
			case 1:
				Add(per);
				break;
			case 2:
				List(per);
				break;
			case 3:
				Query(per);
				break;
			case 4:
				Delete(per);
				break;
			case 5:
				Updata(per);
				break;
			case 6:
				printf("BYE!\n");
				sleep(1);
				exit(1);
				break;
			default:
				printf("请输入正确的选项！\n");
				break;
		}
	}
	return 0;
}

通讯录是个非常简易的小项目，简单实现了联系人的增删查改功能。代码中主要使用的是指针和单一的函数调用，参数个数较少，结构清晰，主要是对结构体赋值、调用的训练。注意的是要为头节点的指针分配空间，这是至关重要的。与平时指针的使用一样，野指针的存在会造成不必要的段错误。