本文介绍了如何在Haproxy中实现动静分离和读写分离。首先，搭建了实验环境为RHEL7.5。接着，展示了Haproxy设置黑名单的操作。然后，通过在不同服务器上安装PHP，实现了动静分离，使得静态页面由server2提供，动态.php文件由server3处理。最后，通过PUT/POST和GET/HEAD请求，实现了读写分离，确保server2用于读取操作，而server3负责写入操作。
搭建环境
实验环境：rhel7.5
| 主机信息 | 作用 |
|---|---|
| server1(172.25.8.1) | haproxy |
| server2(172.25.8.2) | 读的功能 |
| server3(172.25.8.3) | 写的功能 |
| 真机 | 测试 |
#1 Haproxy设置黑名单
当某主机被添加到黑名单里面的时候，报错让他转移到其他的页面连接
[root@server1 ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
67 frontend main *:80
68 acl blacklist src 172.25.8.250
69 http-request deny if blacklist
70 errorloc 403 http://172.25.8.1:8080/index.html
[root@server1 ~]# yum install -y httpd
[root@server1 ~]# vim /var/www/html/index.html
无法访问！！！
#本机上安装http,只是为了提供8080端口
[root@server1 ~]# systemctl start httpd
[root@server1 ~]# netstat -anltp
[root@server1 ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
42 Listen 8080
[root@server1 ~]# systemctl restart haproxy.service
#浏览器测试：
输入：172.25.8.1:8080/index.html
[kiosk@foundation8 ~]$ curl 172.25.8.1:8080
无法访问！！！
#2 Haproxy动静分离
nginx:擅长处理静态页面
apache:擅长处理动态页面访问.php
#修改配置文件
在server3安装php,访问动态.php
默认访问的是server2,静态页面
访问.php文件的时候，访问的动态文件；
[root@server1 ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
68 acl blacklist src 172.25.8.111
69 http-request deny if blacklist
70 errorloc 403 http://172.25.8.1:8080/index.html
75 use_backend dynamic if { path_end .php } #php文件
76 default_backend static
81 backend static
82 balance roundrobin
83 server web1 172.25.8.2:80 check inter 1000
84 backend dynamic #访问php是访问的server3动态页面
85 balance roundrobin
86 server web2 172.25.8.3:80 check inter 1000
[root@server1 ~]# systemctl restart haproxy.service
#在server3上安装php
[root@server3 ~]# yum install -y php
[root@server3 ~]# vim /var/www/html/index.php
<?php
phpinfo()
?>
[root@server3 ~]# systemctl restart httpd.service
#在server2上也安装php
[root@server2 ~]# yum install -y php
[root@server2 ~]# vim /var/www/html/index.php
<?php
phpinfo()
?>
[root@server2 html]# vim /var/www/html/index.html
server2
[root@server2 ~]# systemctl restart httpd.service
在主机上测试：
[root@foundation8 ~]# curl 172.25.8.1
server2
[root@foundation8 ~]# curl 172.25.8.1/index.php #server3的动态页面
#浏览器测试
输入：172.25.8.1
输入：172.25.8.1/index.php
#3 Haproxy读写分离(server2读；server3写)
PUT/POST 上传
GET/HEAD 获取
[root@server1 ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
67 frontend main *:80
68 acl blacklist src 172.25.8.111
69 acl read method GET
70 acl write method POST
71 acl write method PUT
72 http-request deny if blacklist
73 errorloc 403 http://172.25.8.1:8080/index.html
78 use_backend dynamic if write
79 use_backend static if read
80 default_backend static
81
85 backend static
86 balance roundrobin
87 server web1 172.25.8.2:80 check inter 1000
88 backend dynamic
89 balance roundrobin
90 server web2 172.25.8.3:80 check inter 1000
[root@server1 ~]# systemctl restart haproxy.service
#在server2上
[root@server2 html]# ls
index.html index.php upload upload_file.php
[root@server2 html]# chmod 755 index.php
[root@server2 html]# ll
[root@server2 html]# vim index.php
<html>
<body>
<form action="upload_file.php" method="post"
enctype="multipart/form-data">
<label for="file">Filename（server2）:</label>
<input type="file" name="file" id="file" />
<br />
<input type="submit" name="submit" value="Submit" />
</form>
</body>
</html>
[root@server2 html]# vim upload_file.php
<?php
if ((($_FILES["file"]["type"] == "image/gif")
|| ($_FILES["file"]["type"] == "image/jpeg")
|| ($_FILES["file"]["type"] == "image/pjpeg"))
&& ($_FILES["file"]["size"] < 2000000))
{
if ($_FILES["file"]["error"] > 0)
{
echo "Return Code: " . $_FILES["file"]["error"] . "<br />";
}
else
{
echo "Upload: " . $_FILES["file"]["name"] . "<br />";
echo "Type: " . $_FILES["file"]["type"] . "<br />";
echo "Size: " . ($_FILES["file"]["size"] / 1024) . " Kb<br />";
echo "Temp file: " . $_FILES["file"]["tmp_name"] . "<br />";
if (file_exists("upload/" . $_FILES["file"]["name"]))
{
echo $_FILES["file"]["name"] . " already exists. ";
}
else
{
move_uploaded_file($_FILES["file"]["tmp_name"],
"upload/" . $_FILES["file"]["name"]);
echo "Stored in: " . "upload/" . $_FILES["file"]["name"];
}
}
}
else
{
echo "Invalid file";
}
?>
#在server3上
[root@server3 html]# ls
index.html index.php upload
[root@server3 html]# chmod 777 upload/
[root@server3 html]# mv upload/* .
[root@server3 html]# scp -r *.php upload server2:/var/www/html/
[root@server3 html]# vim index.php
<html>
<body>
<form action="upload_file.php" method="post"
enctype="multipart/form-data">
<label for="file">Filename(server3):</label>
<input type="file" name="file" id="file" />
<br />
<input type="submit" name="submit" value="Submit" />
</form>
</body>
</html>
[root@server3 upload]# vim upload_file.php
<?php
if ((($_FILES["file"]["type"] == "image/gif")
|| ($_FILES["file"]["type"] == "image/jpeg")
|| ($_FILES["file"]["type"] == "image/pjpeg"))
&& ($_FILES["file"]["size"] < 20000000))
{
if ($_FILES["file"]["error"] > 0)
{
echo "Return Code: " . $_FILES["file"]["error"] . "<br />";
}
else
{
echo "Upload: " . $_FILES["file"]["name"] . "<br />";
echo "Type: " . $_FILES["file"]["type"] . "<br />";
echo "Size: " . ($_FILES["file"]["size"] / 1024) . " Kb<br />";
echo "Temp file: " . $_FILES["file"]["tmp_name"] . "<br />";
if (file_exists("upload/" . $_FILES["file"]["name"]))
{
echo $_FILES["file"]["name"] . " already exists. ";
}
else
{
move_uploaded_file($_FILES["file"]["tmp_name"],
"upload/" . $_FILES["file"]["name"]);
echo "Stored in: " . "upload/" . $_FILES["file"]["name"];
}
}
}
else
{
echo "Invalid file";
}
?>
#浏览器上测试：
#查看是否上传成功
#server3上写入成功；
#server2上无写入
#读写分离成功
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