SaltStack（五）之LAMP状态设计部署

配置管理

什么是状态？

States是Saltstack中的配置语言，在日常进行配置管理时需要编写大量的States文件。比如我们需要安装一个包，然后管理一个配置文件，最后保证某个服务正常运行。这里就需要我们编写一些states sls文件（描述状态配置的文件）去描述和实现我们的功能。编写的states sls文件都是YAML语法，states sls文件也支持使用Python语言编写。
所谓的状态就是希望系统运行某些命令之后的结果。描述状态使用YAML格式的文件。SLS：salt state
举例安装apache，如下：

[root@server1 ~]# vim /srv/salt/base/web/apache.sls 
apache:
  pkg.installed:
    - name: httpd
  service.running:
    - name: httpd
  file.managed:
    - name: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
    - source: salt://apache/files/httpd.conf
    - user: root
    - group: root
    - mode: 644

解释说明：
apache：id声明，在base下全局唯一
pkg：状态模块
.：引用关系
installed:模块中的方法
:：代表层级关系
name:可以理解为参数，后面跟的是参数值
file.managed:文件管理模块，必须要有source指定文件的来源路径
source：文件的来源路径，salt://代表着环境的根路径，这的根路径为：/srv/salt/base/
user、group、mode：分别指定文件的所属者，所属组和权限

以上的文件还可以使用分id的写法：
apache-install:
  pkg.installed:
    - name: httpd

apache-service:
  service.running:
    - name: httpd

apache-config:
  file.managed:
    - name: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
    - source: salt://apache/files/httpd.conf
    - user: root
    - group: root
    - mode: 644

存在指定多个配置文件，还可以使用一下写法：(不适用name作为参数传递时，id就是name)
/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf:
  file.managed:
    - source: salt://apache/files/httpd.conf
    - user: root
    - group: root
    - mode: 644
/etc/httpd/conf/php.conf:
  file.managed:
    - source: salt://apache/files/php.conf
    - user: root
    - group: root
    - mode: 644

LAMP的状态设计与实现部署

[root@server1 lamp]# pwd
/srv/salt/lamp
[root@server1 lamp]#  vim lamp.sls
lamp-pkg:
  pkg.installed:
    - pkgs:
      - httpd
      - php
      - mariadb
      - mariadb.server
      - php-mysql
      - php-cli
      - php-mbstring

apache-config:
  file.managed:
    - name: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
    - source: salt://lamp/files/httpd.conf
    - user: root
    - group: root
    - mode: 644

php-config:
  file.managed:
    - name: /etc/php.ini
    - source: salt://lamp/files/php.ini
    - user: root
    - group: root
    - mode: 644

mysql-config:
  file.managed:
    - name: /etc/my.cnf
    - source: salt://lamp/files/my.cnf
    - user: root
    - gourp: root
    - mode: 644

apache-service:
  service.running:
    - name: httpd
    - enable: True
    - reload: True

mysql-service:
  service.running:
    - name: mariadb-server
    - enable: True
    - reload: True

[root@server1 lamp]# mkdir files
[root@server1 lamp]# cd files/
[root@server1 lamp]# cp /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf .
[root@server1 lamp]# cp /etc/php.ini .
[root@server1 lamp]# cp /etc/my.cnf .
[root@server1 lamp]# salt 'server2' state.sls lamp.lamp
server2:
----------
          ID: lamp-pkg
    Function: pkg.installed
      Result: True
     Comment: All specified packages are already installed
     Started: 22:34:28.278782
    Duration: 1048.392 ms
     Changes:   
----------
          ID: apache-config
    Function: file.managed
        Name: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
      Result: True
     Comment: File /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf is in the correct state
     Started: 22:34:29.331215
    Duration: 280.286 ms
     Changes:   
----------
          ID: php-config
    Function: file.managed
        Name: /etc/php.ini
      Result: True
     Comment: File /etc/php.ini is in the correct state
     Started: 22:34:29.611813
    Duration: 143.378 ms
     Changes:   
----------
          ID: mysql-config
    Function: file.managed
        Name: /etc/my.cnf
      Result: True
     Comment: File /etc/my.cnf is in the correct state
     Started: 22:34:29.755647
    Duration: 142.099 ms
     Changes:   
----------
          ID: apache-service
    Function: service.running
        Name: httpd
      Result: True
     Comment: The service httpd is already running
     Started: 22:34:29.898868
    Duration: 55.127 ms
     Changes:   
----------
          ID: mysql-service
    Function: service.running
        Name: mariadb
      Result: True
     Comment: The service mariadb is already running
     Started: 22:34:29.954530
    Duration: 47.674 ms
     Changes:   

Summary for server2
------------
Succeeded: 6
Failed:    0
------------
Total states run:     6
Total run time:   1.717 s