基于Maven的Spring+SpringMVC基础入门

一、新建Maven项目

二、添加Spring配置文件：Spring-core.xml

二、添加Spring配置文件：spring-core.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache" 
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache-4.0.xsd">

    <!-- spring开启注解  @--> 
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.xingxue" >
     </context:component-scan>

</beans>

三、添加SpringMVC配置文件：Spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"  
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"  
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
    xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"  
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd  
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd  
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd  
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.0.xsd"> 

  <!-- 使用注解方式完成映射 -->
  <!-- 让扫描spring扫描这个包下所有的类，让标注spring注解的类生效 -->
  <context:component-scan base-package="com.xingxue.controller"/>      
   <mvc:annotation-driven/><!-- 开启注解 -->

    <!-- 视图解析器 -->    
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/pages/"/><!-- 前缀 -->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property> <!-- 后缀 -->
    </bean>  

</beans>

四、在web.xml中配置SpringMVC（可见Spring底层是servlet实现的）

<!-- 配置SpringMVC -->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <!-- SpringMVC配置文件 -->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

五、在web.xml中配置Spring

    <!-- Spring配置文件 -->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:spring-core.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>

注：
在

<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

中，contextConfigLocation名字不能改；

web.xml如下：

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>
    <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>

    <!-- Spring配置文件 -->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:spring-core.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>

    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

    <!-- 配置SpringMVC -->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <!-- SpringMVC配置文件 -->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

六、
新建一个UserController类

package com.xingxue.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("user")
public class UserController {

    @RequestMapping("login.do")
    public String UserLogin(){

        System.out.println("123456");

        return "OK";
    }
}

新建一个index.jsp

注：跳转的连接分别对应UserController的注解，UserLogin方法返回的字符串OK，在spring-mvc.xml中配置的视图解析器

<!-- 视图解析器 -->    
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/pages/"/><!-- 前缀 -->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property> <!-- 后缀 -->
    </bean>  

会自动拼接出跳转的页面。