什么是IoC
IOC(Inversion of Control,控制反转)就是原先代码需要对对象的创建依赖交给容器去控制,我们只需要调用即可。无需关注对象的创建和销毁。IOC是一种思想而DI是实际实现。
DI(Dependency Injection,依赖注入)对象被动的绑定依赖类。对象不是主动从IOC容器寻找依赖类,而是在IOC容器实例化对象时,主动将实例化的对象与它的依赖类所绑定(注入)。
对象与对象直接的关系可通过 Xml,properties,yml 等文件去表示。
IOC容器:BeanFactory

BeanFactory 是顶层接口,定义了IOC容器最基础的功能 getBean(),下面有三个重要子接口:
- ListableBeanFactory:列表化Bean工厂(Bean的集合)
- HierarchicalBeanFactory:分层的Bean工厂,描述Bean的继承关系(Bean的关系)
- AutowireCapableBeanFactory:自动装配规则的Bean工厂(Bean的行为)
IOC容器实现:ApplicationContext
ApplicationContext是IOC的一个高级容器,提供了附加功能:
- 支持信息源(MessageSource )
- 资源访问(ResourcePatternResolver)
- 应用事件(ApplicationEventPublisher)

初始化IOC容器(XML形式)
字母替换类说明
- A:ClassPathXmlApplicationContext
- B:AbstractRefreshableConfigApplicationContext
- C:AbstractApplicationContext
- D:AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext
- E:AbstractXmlApplicationContext
- F:AbstractBeanDefinitionReader
- G:XmlBeanDefinitionReader
- H:DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader
- I:BeanDefinitionParserDelegate
- J:BeanDefinitionReaderUtils
- K:DefaultListableBeanFactory
步骤解析
- [0]:初始化容器,入口为 A:ClassPathXmlApplicationContext的构造函数
- [1]:调用父类方法设置Bean配置文件的定位路径
- [2]:refresh() 加载Bean的配置资源。该方法是一个模板模式,定义了IOC容器启动的一个过程。通过父类C:AbstractApplicationContext 的方法来启动整个IOC容器。
refresh() 主要是为了IOC容器Bean的生命周期管理提供条件,在创建容器前,如果有容器存在就把前容器销毁和关闭,在创建新的IOC容器。
@Override
public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
// 为刷新上下文做准备,获取容器当前时间,同时设置容器同步标识
prepareRefresh();
// 告诉子类刷新内部bean工厂。初始化Bean工厂
ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();
// 准备bean工厂以供在此容器中使用。为BeanFactory配置容器特性,例如:类加载器,事件处理器
prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);
try {
// 允许在上下文子类中对bean工厂进行后处理。处理特殊的类:实现 BeanPostProcessor 接口
postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);
// 调用上下文中注册为 BeanPostProcessor bean的工厂处理器。
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);
// 注册拦截BeanPostProcessor创建的bean处理器。
registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);
// 为此上下文初始化消息源。
initMessageSource();
// 为此上下文初始化事件多播程序。
initApplicationEventMulticaster();
// 初始化特定上下文子类中的其他特殊bean。
onRefresh();
// 注册检查侦听器bean
registerListeners();
// 实例化所有剩余的单例Bean。
finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);
// 初始化容器的生命周期事件处理器,并发布容器的生命周期事件
finishRefresh();
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - " +
"cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex);
}
// 销毁创建的Bean
destroyBeans();
// 取消刷新操作,重置容器的同步策略
cancelRefresh(ex);
// Propagate exception to caller.
throw ex;
}
finally {
// 重新设置公共缓存
resetCommonCaches();
}
}
}
- [3]:创建容器,调用refreshBeanFactory() 该方法的实现为其子类AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext 实现。使用了委派模式
- [4]:先判断 beanFactory 是否存在,如果存在则销毁bean并且关闭 beanFactory,然后创建DefaultListableBeanFactory并调用 loadBeanDefinitions() 装载Bean
@Override
protected final void refreshBeanFactory() throws BeansException {
if (hasBeanFactory()) {
//销毁Bean
destroyBeans();
//关闭工厂
closeBeanFactory();
}
try {
DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory = createBeanFactory();
beanFactory.setSerializationId(getId());
customizeBeanFactory(beanFactory);
loadBeanDefinitions(beanFactory);
synchronized (this.beanFactoryMonitor) {
this.beanFactory = beanFactory;
}
}
catch (IOException ex) {
throw new ApplicationContextException("I/O error parsing bean definition source for " + getDisplayName(), ex);
}
}
- [5]:loadBeanDefinitions(beanFactory) 具体实现类在其子类 AbstractXmlApplicationContext当中
@Override
protected void loadBeanDefinitions(DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException, IOException {
// Create a new XmlBeanDefinitionReader for the given BeanFactory.
// 创建 XmlBeanDefinitionReader,创建 Bean 读取器
// 并通过回调设置到容器中,容器使用该读取器读取 Bean 配置资源
XmlBeanDefinitionReader beanDefinitionReader = new XmlBeanDefinitionReader(beanFactory);
// Configure the bean definition reader with this context's
// resource loading environment.
// 为 Bean 读取器设置 Spring 资源加载器
// AbstractXmlApplicationContext 的抽象父类 AbstractApplicationContext 继承 DefaultResourceLoader,也就是 容器本身就是个资源管理器
beanDefinitionReader.setEnvironment(this.getEnvironment());
beanDefinitionReader.setResourceLoader(this);
// 为 Bean 读取器设置 SAS xml解析器
beanDefinitionReader.setEntityResolver(new ResourceEntityResolver(this));
// Allow a subclass to provide custom initialization of the reader,
// then proceed with actually loading the bean definitions.
// 当 Bean 读取器读取 Bean 定义的 Xml 资源文件时,启动 xml 校验机制
initBeanDefinitionReader(beanDefinitionReader);
// Bean 读取器真正实现的加载方法
loadBeanDefinitions(beanDefinitionReader);
}
- [6]:Bean 读取器加载 Bean 配置资源
protected void loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader reader) throws BeansException, IOException {
// 获取 Bean 配置资源的位置
Resource[] configResources = getConfigResources();
if (configResources != null) {
// Xml Bean 读取器 调用父类 AbstractBeanDefinitionReader 读取定位的 Bean 配置资源
reader.loadBeanDefinitions(configResources);
}
// 获取 Bean 配置资源的位置
String[] configLocations = getConfigLocations();
if (configLocations != null) {
// Xml Bean 读取器 调用父类 AbstractBeanDefinitionReader 读取定位的 Bean 配置资源
reader.loadBeanDefinitions(configLocations);
}
}
- [7]:该方法就是获取要加载的资源
public int loadBeanDefinitions(String location, @Nullable Set<Resource> actualResources) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
// 获取在IOC容器初始化过程中设置的资源加载器
ResourceLoader resourceLoader = getResourceLoader();
if (resourceLoader == null) {
throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
"Cannot load bean definitions from location [" + location + "]: no ResourceLoader available");
}
if (resourceLoader instanceof ResourcePatternResolver) {
// Resource pattern matching available.
try {
// 将指定的 Bean 配置信息解析为Spring IOC 容器封装的资源
// 加载多个指定位置的 Bean 配置信息
Resource[] resources = ((ResourcePatternResolver) resourceLoader).getResources(location);
// 委派调用其子类的方法加载功能
int count = loadBeanDefinitions(resources);
if (actualResources != null) {
Collections.addAll(actualResources, resources);
}
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Loaded " + count + " bean definitions from location pattern [" + location + "]");
}
return count;
}
catch (IOException ex) {
throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
"Could not resolve bean definition resource pattern [" + location + "]", ex);
}
}
else {
// Can only load single resources by absolute URL.
Resource resource = resourceLoader.getResource(location);
int count = loadBeanDefinitions(resource);
if (actualResources != null) {
actualResources.add(resource);
}
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Loaded " + count + " bean definitions from location [" + location + "]");
}
return count;
}
}
- [8]:加载资源入口
@Override
public int loadBeanDefinitions(Resource resource) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
return loadBeanDefinitions(new EncodedResource(resource));
}
- [9]:实际加载 Xml 形式 Bean 配置信息方法
public int loadBeanDefinitions(EncodedResource encodedResource) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
Assert.notNull(encodedResource, "EncodedResource must not be null");
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Loading XML bean definitions from " + encodedResource);
}
Set<EncodedResource> currentResources = this.resourcesCurrentlyBeingLoaded.get();
if (currentResources == null) {
currentResources = new HashSet<>(4);
this.resourcesCurrentlyBeingLoaded.set(currentResources);
}
if (!currentResources.add(encodedResource)) {
throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
"Detected cyclic loading of " + encodedResource + " - check your import definitions!");
}
try {
InputStream inputStream = encodedResource.getResource().getInputStream();
try {
// 读取配置文件,转变成 I/O 流
InputSource inputSource = new InputSource(inputStream);
if (encodedResource.getEncoding() != null) {
inputSource.setEncoding(encodedResource.getEncoding());
}
// 具体读取方法
return doLoadBeanDefinitions(inputSource, encodedResource.getResource());
}
finally {
// 关闭流
inputStream.close();
}
}
catch (IOException ex) {
throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
"IOException parsing XML document from " + encodedResource.getResource(), ex);
}
finally {
currentResources.remove(encodedResource);
if (currentResources.isEmpty()) {
this.resourcesCurrentlyBeingLoaded.remove();
}
}
}
- [10]:Xml转换 DOM 对象,解析 DOM 对象
protected int doLoadBeanDefinitions(InputSource inputSource, Resource resource)
throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
try {
// Xml 转换 DOM
Document doc = doLoadDocument(inputSource, resource);
// 启动 Bean 定义解析过程
int count = registerBeanDefinitions(doc, resource);
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Loaded " + count + " bean definitions from " + resource);
}
return count;
}
}
- [11]:启动 Spring IOC 容器对 Bean 定义的解析过程
public int registerBeanDefinitions(Document doc, Resource resource) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
// 获取 BeanDefinitionDocumentReader 来对 XML 格式的 BeanDefinition 进行解析
BeanDefinitionDocumentReader documentReader = createBeanDefinitionDocumentReader();
// 获取 Bean 的数量
int countBefore = getRegistry().getBeanDefinitionCount();
// 解析过程的入口,使用委派,具体实现由 BeanDefinitionDocumentReader 进行
documentReader.registerBeanDefinitions(doc, createReaderContext(resource));
// 统计解析 Bean 的数量
return getRegistry().getBeanDefinitionCount() - countBefore;
}
- [12]:解析 DOM
protected void doRegisterBeanDefinitions(Element root) {
// Any nested <beans> elements will cause recursion in this method. In
// order to propagate and preserve <beans> default-* attributes correctly,
// keep track of the current (parent) delegate, which may be null. Create
// the new (child) delegate with a reference to the parent for fallback purposes,
// then ultimately reset this.delegate back to its original (parent) reference.
// this behavior emulates a stack of delegates without actually necessitating one.
// 具体解析由 BeanDefinitionParserDelegate 进行
// BeanDefinitionParserDelegate 定义了 Bean Xml 文件各种元素
BeanDefinitionParserDelegate parent = this.delegate;
// 真正的解析过程
this.delegate = createDelegate(getReaderContext(), root, parent);
if (this.delegate.isDefaultNamespace(root)) {
String profileSpec = root.getAttribute(PROFILE_ATTRIBUTE);
if (StringUtils.hasText(profileSpec)) {
String[] specifiedProfiles = StringUtils.tokenizeToStringArray(
profileSpec, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.MULTI_VALUE_ATTRIBUTE_DELIMITERS);
// We cannot use Profiles.of(...) since profile expressions are not supported
// in XML config. See SPR-12458 for details.
if (!getReaderContext().getEnvironment().acceptsProfiles(specifiedProfiles)) {
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Skipped XML bean definition file due to specified profiles [" + profileSpec +
"] not matching: " + getReaderContext().getResource());
}
return;
}
}
}
// 解析 Bean 之前,进行自定义解析,增加解析过程的可扩展性
preProcessXml(root);
// 从文档根节点开始解析
parseBeanDefinitions(root, this.delegate);
// 解析 Bean 之后,进行自定义解析,增加解析过程的可扩展性
postProcessXml(root);
this.delegate = parent;
}
- [13]:从文档根节点开始解析
protected void parseBeanDefinitions(Element root, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate delegate) {
// Bean 定义的文档对象使用了 Spring 默认的 XML 命名空间
if (delegate.isDefaultNamespace(root)) {
// 获取所有子节点
NodeList nl = root.getChildNodes();
for (int i = 0; i < nl.getLength(); i++) {
Node node = nl.item(i);
if (node instanceof Element) {
Element ele = (Element) node;
// Bean 定义的文档元素节点使用的是Spring默认的XML 命名空间
if (delegate.isDefaultNamespace(ele)) {
// 使用 Spring 的 Bean 规则解析元素节点
parseDefaultElement(ele, delegate);
}
else {
// 如果没有使用 Sring 默认的命名空间,则使用用户自定义的解析规则
delegate.parseCustomElement(ele);
}
}
}
}
else {
// 如果没有使用 Sring 默认的命名空间,则使用用户自定义的解析规则
delegate.parseCustomElement(root);
}
}
- [14]:使用 Spring 的 Bean 规则解析元素节点
private void parseDefaultElement(Element ele, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate delegate) {
// 如果节点是 <import> 导入元素进行解析
if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, IMPORT_ELEMENT)) {
importBeanDefinitionResource(ele);
}
// 如果是 <alias> 别名进行解析
else if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, ALIAS_ELEMENT)) {
processAliasRegistration(ele);
}
// 普通 <bean> 进行解析
else if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, BEAN_ELEMENT)) {
processBeanDefinition(ele, delegate);
}
else if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, NESTED_BEANS_ELEMENT)) {
// recurse
doRegisterBeanDefinitions(ele);
}
}
- [15]: 进行解析
protected void processBeanDefinition(Element ele, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate delegate) {
// 解析 <bean> 元素
BeanDefinitionHolder bdHolder = delegate.parseBeanDefinitionElement(ele);
if (bdHolder != null) {
bdHolder = delegate.decorateBeanDefinitionIfRequired(ele, bdHolder);
try {
// Register the final decorated instance.
// 向 Spring IOC 容器注册解析得到的 Bean,这个是 Bean 定义向 IOC 容器的入口
BeanDefinitionReaderUtils.registerBeanDefinition(bdHolder, getReaderContext().getRegistry());
}
catch (BeanDefinitionStoreException ex) {
getReaderContext().error("Failed to register bean definition with name '" +
bdHolder.getBeanName() + "'", ele, ex);
}
// Send registration event.
// 完成注册,发送注册事件
getReaderContext().fireComponentRegistered(new BeanComponentDefinition(bdHolder));
}
}
- [16]:解析 Bean 配置信息中的 元素,该方法主要处理 元素的 id、name和别名属性
public BeanDefinitionHolder parseBeanDefinitionElement(Element ele, @Nullable BeanDefinition containingBean) {
// 获取 <bean> 中的 id 属性
String id = ele.getAttribute(ID_ATTRIBUTE);
// 获取 <bean> 中的 name 属性
String nameAttr = ele.getAttribute(NAME_ATTRIBUTE);
// 获取 <bean> 中的 alias 属性
List<String> aliases = new ArrayList<>();
// 将 <bean> 元素中所有的 name 属性值存放在别名中
if (StringUtils.hasLength(nameAttr)) {
String[] nameArr = StringUtils.tokenizeToStringArray(nameAttr, MULTI_VALUE_ATTRIBUTE_DELIMITERS);
aliases.addAll(Arrays.asList(nameArr));
}
String beanName = id;
// 如果 <bean> 元素中没有配置 id 属性,将别名中的第一个值赋给 beanName
if (!StringUtils.hasText(beanName) && !aliases.isEmpty()) {
beanName = aliases.remove(0);
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("No XML 'id' specified - using '" + beanName +
"' as bean name and " + aliases + " as aliases");
}
}
// 检查 id 和 name 的唯一性
if (containingBean == null) {
checkNameUniqueness(beanName, aliases, ele);
}
// 详细的对 bean 进行解析
AbstractBeanDefinition beanDefinition = parseBeanDefinitionElement(ele, beanName, containingBean);
if (beanDefinition != null) {
if (!StringUtils.hasText(beanName)) {
try {
if (containingBean != null) {
// 如果 bean 没有配置别名、id、name,且包含了子元素则将解析的bean 使用别名进行注册
beanName = BeanDefinitionReaderUtils.generateBeanName(
beanDefinition, this.readerContext.getRegistry(), true);
}
else {
beanName = this.readerContext.generateBeanName(beanDefinition);
// Register an alias for the plain bean class name, if still possible,
// if the generator returned the class name plus a suffix.
// This is expected for Spring 1.2/2.0 backwards compatibility.
String beanClassName = beanDefinition.getBeanClassName();
if (beanClassName != null &&
beanName.startsWith(beanClassName) && beanName.length() > beanClassName.length() &&
!this.readerContext.getRegistry().isBeanNameInUse(beanClassName)) {
aliases.add(beanClassName);
}
}
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Neither XML 'id' nor 'name' specified - " +
"using generated bean name [" + beanName + "]");
}
}
catch (Exception ex) {
error(ex.getMessage(), ele);
return null;
}
}
String[] aliasesArray = StringUtils.toStringArray(aliases);
return new BeanDefinitionHolder(beanDefinition, beanName, aliasesArray);
}
return null;
}
- [17]:详细的对 bean 进行解析,除 id、name、alias 属性
@Nullable
public AbstractBeanDefinition parseBeanDefinitionElement(
Element ele, String beanName, @Nullable BeanDefinition containingBean) {
// 记录解析的 bean 元素
this.parseState.push(new BeanEntry(beanName));
// 读取 <bean> class 值
String className = null;
if (ele.hasAttribute(CLASS_ATTRIBUTE)) {
className = ele.getAttribute(CLASS_ATTRIBUTE).trim();
}
// 读取 <bean> parent 值
String parent = null;
if (ele.hasAttribute(PARENT_ATTRIBUTE)) {
parent = ele.getAttribute(PARENT_ATTRIBUTE);
}
try {
// 根据 class名称和 parent 属性创建BeanDefinition
AbstractBeanDefinition bd = createBeanDefinition(className, parent);
// 对当前 bean 元素中设置的属性进行解析和配置,例 单例(single)属性
parseBeanDefinitionAttributes(ele, beanName, containingBean, bd);
// 设置描述属性
bd.setDescription(DomUtils.getChildElementValueByTagName(ele, DESCRIPTION_ELEMENT));
// 对 meta 属性进行解析
parseMetaElements(ele, bd);
// Lookup 属性解析
parseLookupOverrideSubElements(ele, bd.getMethodOverrides());
// ReplacedMethod 属性解析
parseReplacedMethodSubElements(ele, bd.getMethodOverrides());
// 构造解析
parseConstructorArgElements(ele, bd);
// 解析 Property
parsePropertyElements(ele, bd);
parseQualifierElements(ele, bd);
bd.setResource(this.readerContext.getResource());
bd.setSource(extractSource(ele));
return bd;
}
catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
error("Bean class [" + className + "] not found", ele, ex);
}
catch (NoClassDefFoundError err) {
error("Class that bean class [" + className + "] depends on not found", ele, err);
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
error("Unexpected failure during bean definition parsing", ele, ex);
}
finally {
this.parseState.pop();
}
return null;
}
- [18]:解析 元素,解析给定bean元素的属性子元素。
public void parsePropertyElements(Element beanEle, BeanDefinition bd) {
NodeList nl = beanEle.getChildNodes();
for (int i = 0; i < nl.getLength(); i++) {
Node node = nl.item(i);
if (isCandidateElement(node) && nodeNameEquals(node, PROPERTY_ELEMENT)) {
// 解析<Property> 元素
parsePropertyElement((Element) node, bd);
}
}
}
- [19]:解析 元素
public void parsePropertyElement(Element ele, BeanDefinition bd) {
// 获取元素名字
String propertyName = ele.getAttribute(NAME_ATTRIBUTE);
if (!StringUtils.hasLength(propertyName)) {
error("Tag 'property' must have a 'name' attribute", ele);
return;
}
this.parseState.push(new PropertyEntry(propertyName));
try {
if (bd.getPropertyValues().contains(propertyName)) {
error("Multiple 'property' definitions for property '" + propertyName + "'", ele);
return;
}
// 获取元素的值
Object val = parsePropertyValue(ele, bd, propertyName);
// 根据元素的名字和值创建实例
PropertyValue pv = new PropertyValue(propertyName, val);
parseMetaElements(ele, pv);
pv.setSource(extractSource(ele));
bd.getPropertyValues().addPropertyValue(pv);
}
finally {
this.parseState.pop();
}
}
- [20]:获取 元素的值,ref 封装为一个引用对象,value 封装为一个String
@Nullable
public Object parsePropertyValue(Element ele, BeanDefinition bd, @Nullable String propertyName) {
String elementName = (propertyName != null ?
"<property> element for property '" + propertyName + "'" :
"<constructor-arg> element");
// Should only have one child element: ref, value, list, etc.
// 获取 <Property> 的子元素,只能是: ref, value, list, etc.
NodeList nl = ele.getChildNodes();
Element subElement = null;
for (int i = 0; i < nl.getLength(); i++) {
Node node = nl.item(i);
if (node instanceof Element && !nodeNameEquals(node, DESCRIPTION_ELEMENT) &&
!nodeNameEquals(node, META_ELEMENT)) {
// Child element is what we're looking for.
if (subElement != null) {
error(elementName + " must not contain more than one sub-element", ele);
}
else {
subElement = (Element) node;
}
}
}
// 判断属性是ref还是 value,只能有一个
boolean hasRefAttribute = ele.hasAttribute(REF_ATTRIBUTE);
boolean hasValueAttribute = ele.hasAttribute(VALUE_ATTRIBUTE);
if ((hasRefAttribute && hasValueAttribute) ||
((hasRefAttribute || hasValueAttribute) && subElement != null)) {
error(elementName +
" is only allowed to contain either 'ref' attribute OR 'value' attribute OR sub-element", ele);
}
// 如果是 ref,创建一个 RuntimeBeanReference 对象,里面封装的 ref
if (hasRefAttribute) {
String refName = ele.getAttribute(REF_ATTRIBUTE);
if (!StringUtils.hasText(refName)) {
error(elementName + " contains empty 'ref' attribute", ele);
}
RuntimeBeanReference ref = new RuntimeBeanReference(refName);
ref.setSource(extractSource(ele));
return ref;
}
// 如果是 value,创建一个 TypedStringValue 对象,里面封装的 value
else if (hasValueAttribute) {
TypedStringValue valueHolder = new TypedStringValue(ele.getAttribute(VALUE_ATTRIBUTE));
valueHolder.setSource(extractSource(ele));
return valueHolder;
}
else if (subElement != null) {
// 解析 <Property> 子元素
return parsePropertySubElement(subElement, bd);
}
else {
// Neither child element nor "ref" or "value" attribute found.
error(elementName + " must specify a ref or value", ele);
return null;
}
}
- [21]:解析 元素中 ref,value,集合等元素
public Object parsePropertySubElement(Element ele, @Nullable BeanDefinition bd, @Nullable String defaultValueType) {
// 如果 <Property> 元素没有使用 spring 默认命名空间,则使用用户自定义的规则解析内嵌元素
if (!isDefaultNamespace(ele)) {
return parseNestedCustomElement(ele, bd);
}
// 如果是 bean 则解析 bean
else if (nodeNameEquals(ele, BEAN_ELEMENT)) {
BeanDefinitionHolder nestedBd = parseBeanDefinitionElement(ele, bd);
if (nestedBd != null) {
nestedBd = decorateBeanDefinitionIfRequired(ele, nestedBd, bd);
}
return nestedBd;
}
// 如果是 ref
else if (nodeNameEquals(ele, REF_ELEMENT)) {
// A generic reference to any name of any bean.
String refName = ele.getAttribute(BEAN_REF_ATTRIBUTE);
boolean toParent = false;
if (!StringUtils.hasLength(refName)) {
// A reference to the id of another bean in a parent context.
refName = ele.getAttribute(PARENT_REF_ATTRIBUTE);
toParent = true;
if (!StringUtils.hasLength(refName)) {
error("'bean' or 'parent' is required for <ref> element", ele);
return null;
}
}
if (!StringUtils.hasText(refName)) {
error("<ref> element contains empty target attribute", ele);
return null;
}
RuntimeBeanReference ref = new RuntimeBeanReference(refName, toParent);
ref.setSource(extractSource(ele));
return ref;
}
// <idref>
else if (nodeNameEquals(ele, IDREF_ELEMENT)) {
return parseIdRefElement(ele);
}
// <value>
else if (nodeNameEquals(ele, VALUE_ELEMENT)) {
return parseValueElement(ele, defaultValueType);
}
// 如果是空
else if (nodeNameEquals(ele, NULL_ELEMENT)) {
// It's a distinguished null value. Let's wrap it in a TypedStringValue
// object in order to preserve the source location.
TypedStringValue nullHolder = new TypedStringValue(null);
nullHolder.setSource(extractSource(ele));
return nullHolder;
}
// 如果是 array
else if (nodeNameEquals(ele, ARRAY_ELEMENT)) {
return parseArrayElement(ele, bd);
}
// <List>
else if (nodeNameEquals(ele, LIST_ELEMENT)) {
return parseListElement(ele, bd);
}
// <Set>
else if (nodeNameEquals(ele, SET_ELEMENT)) {
return parseSetElement(ele, bd);
}
// <Map>
else if (nodeNameEquals(ele, MAP_ELEMENT)) {
return parseMapElement(ele, bd);
}
// <props>
else if (nodeNameEquals(ele, PROPS_ELEMENT)) {
return parsePropsElement(ele);
}
else {
error("Unknown property sub-element: [" + ele.getNodeName() + "]", ele);
return null;
}
}
- [22]:将解析的 BeanDefinitionHolder 注册到 Spring IOC 容器中
public static void registerBeanDefinition(
BeanDefinitionHolder definitionHolder, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry)
throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
// Register bean definition under primary name.
// 获取 beanDefinition 的名称
String beanName = definitionHolder.getBeanName();
// 向 IOC 注册 BeanDefinition
registry.registerBeanDefinition(beanName, definitionHolder.getBeanDefinition());
// Register aliases for bean name, if any.
// 如果有别名就注册别名
String[] aliases = definitionHolder.getAliases();
if (aliases != null) {
for (String alias : aliases) {
registry.registerAlias(beanName, alias);
}
}
}
- [23]:向 IOC 容器注册解析 BeanDefinition,IOC 容器初始化全部结束
/** Map of bean definition objects, keyed by bean name. */
// 存储注册信息的 beanDefinitionMap
private final Map<String, BeanDefinition> beanDefinitionMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(256);
@Override
public void registerBeanDefinition(String beanName, BeanDefinition beanDefinition)
throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
Assert.hasText(beanName, "Bean name must not be empty");
Assert.notNull(beanDefinition, "BeanDefinition must not be null");
// 校验解析的 BeanDefinition
if (beanDefinition instanceof AbstractBeanDefinition) {
try {
((AbstractBeanDefinition) beanDefinition).validate();
}
catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(beanDefinition.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"Validation of bean definition failed", ex);
}
}
BeanDefinition existingDefinition = this.beanDefinitionMap.get(beanName);
if (existingDefinition != null) {
if (!isAllowBeanDefinitionOverriding()) {
throw new BeanDefinitionOverrideException(beanName, beanDefinition, existingDefinition);
}
else if (existingDefinition.getRole() < beanDefinition.getRole()) {
// e.g. was ROLE_APPLICATION, now overriding with ROLE_SUPPORT or ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE
if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
logger.info("Overriding user-defined bean definition for bean '" + beanName +
"' with a framework-generated bean definition: replacing [" +
existingDefinition + "] with [" + beanDefinition + "]");
}
}
else if (!beanDefinition.equals(existingDefinition)) {
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Overriding bean definition for bean '" + beanName +
"' with a different definition: replacing [" + existingDefinition +
"] with [" + beanDefinition + "]");
}
}
else {
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Overriding bean definition for bean '" + beanName +
"' with an equivalent definition: replacing [" + existingDefinition +
"] with [" + beanDefinition + "]");
}
}
this.beanDefinitionMap.put(beanName, beanDefinition);
}
else {
if (hasBeanCreationStarted()) {
// Cannot modify startup-time collection elements anymore (for stable iteration)
// 注册需要线程同步,保证数据一致性
synchronized (this.beanDefinitionMap) {
this.beanDefinitionMap.put(beanName, beanDefinition);
List<String> updatedDefinitions = new ArrayList<>(this.beanDefinitionNames.size() + 1);
updatedDefinitions.addAll(this.beanDefinitionNames);
updatedDefinitions.add(beanName);
this.beanDefinitionNames = updatedDefinitions;
removeManualSingletonName(beanName);
}
}
else {
// Still in startup registration phase
this.beanDefinitionMap.put(beanName, beanDefinition);
this.beanDefinitionNames.add(beanName);
removeManualSingletonName(beanName);
}
this.frozenBeanDefinitionNames = null;
}
if (existingDefinition != null || containsSingleton(beanName)) {
resetBeanDefinition(beanName);
}
}
总结
Spring IOC 初始化的整个流程是 从 ClassPathXmlApplicationContext 创建实例开始,传入 Spring Bean 的配置文件地址,Spring 从开始找到这个 XML 文件,定位 XML 地址并解析成DOM 元素。Spring 将 DOM 元素转换为 Spring 自己的 Bean 对象格式 (BeanDefinition) ,内部会解析配置文件各种标签和属性,如:<Bean>,<Property>,<List>,<Set>,<Map>,ref,id,name,value等。解析完后获取到的 BeanDefinition 通过 DefaultListableBeanFactory 的 registerBeanDefinition() 方法 以 bean 的名字去注册 BeanDefinition 添加到 Map 集合中。这个Map (private final Map<String, BeanDefinition> beanDefinitionMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(256)😉 就是 Bean 的容器了。
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