IDEA下用Maven构建一个聚合的web项目

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#idea #web #ssm

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本文详细介绍如何在IDEA中从零开始搭建一个基于Spring、Spring MVC和MyBatis（SSM）的Web项目，包括项目结构规划、依赖管理及配置。

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今天开始学着在IDEA制作一个web（SSM）项目。我的web项目结构如下：

首先新建project-->

在这里直接next就好，然后写上自己的工程项目名称和id

注意这里的GroupId和ArtifactId,后面会一直用到的。

然后下一步：

完成，这样就创建了一个纯粹的maven工程。

接下来我要在该目录下一个个创建我的模块（除了controller），Content root最好是在子目录里面而不是跟父模块同级。最后的目录结构如下：

在我的结构图里面所有的箭头都代表依赖于，把parent的pom文件写好如下（这里面基本要包含所有在项目里要用的jar包，在子module下就不用再写了）：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.taotao</groupId>
    <artifactId>taotao-parent</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <modules>
        <module>taotaocommon</module>
        <module>taotaomanager</module>
    </modules>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>

    <properties>

        <!--  用于统一定义依赖的版本  -->
            <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
            <spring.version>4.1.3.RELEASE</spring.version>
            <mybatis.version>3.2.8</mybatis.version>
            <mybatis.spring.version>1.2.2</mybatis.spring.version>
            <mybatis.paginator.version>1.2.15</mybatis.paginator.version>
            <mysql.version>5.1.32</mysql.version>
            <slf4j.version>1.6.4</slf4j.version>
            <jackson.version>2.4.2</jackson.version>
            <druid.version>1.0.9</druid.version>
            <httpclient.version>4.3.5</httpclient.version>
            <jstl.version>1.2</jstl.version>
            <servlet-api.version>2.5</servlet-api.version>
            <jsp-api.version>2.0</jsp-api.version>
            <joda-time.version>2.5</joda-time.version>
            <commons-lang3.version>3.3.2</commons-lang3.version>
            <commons-io.version>1.3.2</commons-io.version>
            <commons-net.version>3.3</commons-net.version>
            <pagehelper.version>3.4.2-fix</pagehelper.version>
            <jsqlparser.version>0.9.1</jsqlparser.version>
            <commons-fileupload.version>1.3.1</commons-fileupload.version>
            <jedis.version>2.7.2</jedis.version>
            <solrj.version>4.10.3</solrj.version>
    </properties>


    <dependencyManagement>
        <!-- 统一的依赖管理-->
        <dependencies>
            <!-- 时间操作组件 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>joda-time</groupId>
                <artifactId>joda-time</artifactId>
                <version>${joda-time.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- Apache工具组件 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
                <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
                <version>${commons-lang3.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
                <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
                <version>${commons-io.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>commons-net</groupId>
                <artifactId>commons-net</artifactId>
                <version>${commons-net.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- Jackson Json处理工具包 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
                <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
                <version>${jackson.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- httpclient -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
                <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
                <version>${httpclient.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- 单元测试 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>junit</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
                <version>${junit.version}</version>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!-- 日志处理 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
                <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- Mybatis -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
                <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
                <version>${mybatis.spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.github.miemiedev</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-paginator</artifactId>
                <version>${mybatis.paginator.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
                <artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId>
                <version>${pagehelper.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- MySql -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                <version>${mysql.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- 连接池 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
                <version>${druid.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- Spring -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- JSP相关 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>jstl</groupId>
                <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
                <version>${jstl.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
                <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
                <version>${servlet-api.version}</version>
                <scope>provided</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
                <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
                <version>${jsp-api.version}</version>
                <scope>provided</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!-- 文件上传组件 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
                <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
                <version>${commons-fileupload.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- Redis客户端 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>redis.clients</groupId>
                <artifactId>jedis</artifactId>
                <version>${jedis.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- solr客户端 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.solr</groupId>
                <artifactId>solr-solrj</artifactId>
                <version>${solrj.version}</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>


    </dependencyManagement>
    <build>
        <finalName>${project.artifactId}</finalName>
        <plugins>
            <!-- 资源文件拷贝插件 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.7</version>
                <configuration>
                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <!-- java编译插件 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
        <pluginManagement>
            <plugins>
                <!-- 配置Tomcat插件 -->
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
                    <artifactId>tomcat6-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.2</version>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </pluginManagement>
    </build>

</project>

然后在taotaomanager下创建一个webapp模板项目controller。如果使用模板构建卡顿建议参考下这篇文章。

重写web.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
         id="taotao" version="3.0">
  <display-name>taotao-manager</display-name>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>

</web-app>

然后在相应的module的pom文件中加上相应的标签：

 <packaging>{jar/war/pom}</packaging>

然后就是在其中添加模块依赖，例如：

<dependency>
            <groupId>com.taotao</groupId> 
            <artifactId>taotao-common</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>

所有的模块依赖的GroupId都是com.taotao。然后在webapp下新建欢迎界面index.jsp:

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: Raymond Zhang
  Date: 2018/4/9
  Time: 15:57
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>欢迎来到我的世界</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>这是我自己写的一个项目</h1>
</body>
</html>

然后在taotaomanager的pom配置tomcat插件（这样就不用去下载tomcat包了）：

 <build>
        <!-- 配置tomcat插件-->
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
                <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <port>8080</port>
                    <path>/</path>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>

在IDEA的右上角配置栏里新增一个maven配置taotaomanager：