前端：html页面生成word文档

最新推荐文章于 2025-04-12 20:46:02 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2025-04-12 20:46:02 发布 · 4.2k 阅读

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CC 4.0 BY-SA版权

本文介绍了如何在前端实现从html页面生成Word文档的需求。通过使用jquery.wordexport和FileSaver库，配合处理图片和样式问题，实现了导出兼容性良好的Word文档。关键步骤包括对图片大小的动态调整，避免在Word中出现方框或加载失败的占位符，以及解决样式转换问题。

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近期接到一个需求，在原来打印的基础上增加一个导出ｗｏｒｄn文档功能作为文件存档，由于各种因素的推动，最终由前端完成，查阅大量文档后，选用jquery.wordexport和FileSaver两个文件搭配jquery文件来实现这个需求。
由于牵扯到图片的问题，需要对jquery.wordexportn文件做一些修改。
jquery.wordexport文件

if (typeof jQuery !== "undefined" && typeof saveAs !== "undefined") {
    (function ($) {
        $.fn.wordExport = function (fileName) {
            fileName = typeof fileName !== 'undefined' ? fileName : "jQuery-Word-Export";
            var statics = {
                mhtml: {
                    top: "Mime-Version: 1.0\nContent-Base: " + location.href + "\nContent-Type: Multipart/related; boundary=\"NEXT.ITEM-BOUNDARY\";type=\"text/html\"\n\n--NEXT.ITEM-BOUNDARY\nContent-Type: text/html; charset=\"utf-8\"\nContent-Location: " + location.href + "\n\n<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n_html_</html>",
                    head: "<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\">\n<style>\n_styles_\n</style>\n</head>\n",
                    body: "<body>_body_</body>"
                }
            };
            var options = {
                maxWidth: 324
            };
            // Clone selected element before manipulating it
            var markup = $(this).clone();

            // Remove hidden elements from the output
            markup.each(function () {
                var self = $(this);
                if (self.is(':hidden'))
                    self.remove();
            });

            // Embed all images using Data URLs
            var images = Array();
            var img = markup.find('img');
            for (var i = 0; i < img.length; i++) {
                // Calculate dimensions of output image
                var w =200;
                var h =80;
                console.log("img",img[i]);
                if (!img[i].src) img[i].style.display='none';
                var img_id = img[i].id;
                $('<canvas>').attr("id", "test_word_img_" + i).width(w).height(h).insertAfter(img_id);
                // // Create canvas for converting image to data URL
                // var canvas = document.createElement("CANVAS");
                // canvas.width = w;
                // canvas.height = h;
                // // Draw image to canvas
                // var context = canvas.getContext('2d');
                // context.drawImage(img[i], 0, 0, w, h);
                // // Get data URL encoding of image
                // var uri = canvas.toDataURL("image/png/jpg");
                // $(img[i]).attr("src", img[i].src);
                // img[i].width = w;
                // img[i].height = h;
                // // Save encoded image to array
                // images[i] = {
                //     type: uri.substring(uri.indexOf(":") + 1, uri.indexOf(";")),
                //     encoding: uri.substring(uri.indexOf(";") + 1, uri.indexOf(",")),
                //     location: $(img[i]).attr("src"),
                //     data: uri.substring(uri.indexOf(",") + 1)
                // };
            }

            // Prepare bottom of mhtml file with image data
            var mhtmlBottom = "\n";
            for (var i = 0; i < images.length; i++) {
                mhtmlBottom += "--NEXT.ITEM-BOUNDARY\n";
                mhtmlBottom += "Content-Location: " + images[i].location + "\n";
                mhtmlBottom += "Content-Type: " + images[i].type + "\n";
                mhtmlBottom += "Content-Transfer-Encoding: " + images[i].encoding + "\n\n";
                mhtmlBottom += images[i].data + "\n\n";
            }
            mhtmlBottom += "--NEXT.ITEM-BOUNDARY--";

            //TODO: load css from included stylesheet

            //var styles=' /* Font Definitions */@font-face{font-family:宋体;panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;mso-font-alt:SimSun;mso-font-charset:134;mso-generic-font-family:auto;mso-font-pitch:variable;mso-font-signature:3 680460288 22 0 262145 0;}  @font-face{font-family:"Cambria Math";panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4;mso-font-charset:1;mso-generic-font-family:roman;mso-font-format:other;mso-font-pitch:variable;mso-font-signature:0 0 0 0 0 0;}  @font-face{font-family:"\@宋体";panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;mso-font-charset:134;mso-generic-font-family:auto;mso-font-pitch:variable;mso-font-signature:3 680460288 22 0 262145 0;}/* Style Definitions */p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal{mso-style-unhide:no;mso-style-qformat:yes;mso-style-parent:"";margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-pagination:widow-orphan;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;}p.MsoHeader, li.MsoHeader, div.MsoHeader{mso-style-noshow:yes;mso-style-priority:99;mso-style-link:"页眉 Char";margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;mso-pagination:widow-orphan;layout-grid-mode:char;font-size:9.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;}p.MsoFooter, li.MsoFooter, div.MsoFooter{mso-style-noshow:yes;mso-style-priority:99;mso-style-link:"页脚 Char";margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-pagination:widow-orphan;layout-grid-mode:char;font-size:9.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;}p.MsoAcetate, li.MsoAcetate, div.MsoAcetate{mso-style-noshow:yes;mso-style-priority:99;mso-style-link:"批注框文本 Char";margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-pagination:widow-orphan;font-size:9.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;}span.Char{mso-style-name:"页眉 Char";mso-style-noshow:yes;mso-style-priority:99;mso-style-unhide:no;mso-style-locked:yes;mso-style-link:页眉;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:宋体;}span.Char0{mso-style-name:"页脚 Char";mso-style-noshow:yes;mso-style-priority:99;mso-style-unhide:no;mso-style-locked:yes;mso-style-link:页脚;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:宋体;}span.Char1{mso-style-name:"批注框文本 Char";mso-style-noshow:yes;mso-style-priority:99;mso-style-unhide:no;mso-style-locked:yes;mso-style-link:批注框文本;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:宋体;}p.msochpdefault, li.msochpdefault, div.msochpdefault{mso-style-name:msochpdefault;mso-style-unhide:no;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;margin-right:0cm;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:0cm;mso-pagination:widow-orphan;font-size:10.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;}span.msonormal0{mso-style-name:msonormal;mso-style-unhide:no;}.MsoChpDefault{mso-style-type:export-only;mso-default-props:yes;font-size:10.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-font-kerning:0pt;}/* Page Definitions */  @page WordSection1{size:595.3pt 841.9pt;margin:72.0pt 90.0pt 72.0pt 90.0pt;mso-header-margin:42.55pt;mso-footer-margin:49.6pt;mso-paper-source:0;}div.WordSection1{page:WordSection1;}';

            var styles = "";

            // Aggregate parts of the file together
            var fileContent = statics.mhtml.top.replace("_html_", statics.mhtml.head.replace("_styles_", styles) + statics.mhtml.body.replace("_body_", markup.html())) + mhtmlBottom;

            // Create a Blob with the file contents
            var blob = new Blob([fileContent], {
                type: "application/msword;charset=utf-8"
            });
            saveAs(blob, fileName + ".doc");
        };
    })(jQuery);
} else {
    if (typeof jQuery === "undefined") {
        console.error("jQuery Word Export: missing dependency (jQuery)");
    }
    if (typeof saveAs === "undefined") {
        console.error("jQuery Word Export: missing dependency (FileSaver.js)");
    }
}

下面是FileSaver文件源码

/* FileSaver.js
 * A saveAs() FileSaver implementation.
 * 1.3.2
 * 2016-06-16 18:25:19
 *
 * By Eli Grey, http://eligrey.com
 * License: MIT
 *   See https://github.com/eligrey/FileSaver.js/blob/master/LICENSE.md
 */

/*global self */
/*jslint bitwise: true, indent: 4, laxbreak: true, laxcomma: true, smarttabs: true, plusplus: true */

/*! @source http://purl.eligrey.com/github/FileSaver.js/blob/master/FileSaver.js */

var saveAs = saveAs || (function (view) {
    "use strict";
    // IE <10 is explicitly unsupported
    if (typeof view === "undefined" || typeof navigator !== "undefined" && /MSIE [1-9]\./.test(navigator.userAgent)) {
        return;
    }
    var
        doc = view.document
        // only get URL when necessary in case Blob.js hasn't overridden it yet
        , get_URL = function () {
            return view.URL || view.webkitURL || view;
        }
        , save_link = doc.createElementNS("http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml", "a")
        , can_use_save_link = "download" in save_link
        , click = function (node) {
            var event = new MouseEvent("click");
            node.dispatchEvent(event);
        }
        , is_safari = /constructor/i.test(view.HTMLElement)
        , is_chrome_ios = /CriOS\/[\d]+/.test(navigator.userAgent)
        , throw_outside = function (ex) {
            (view.setImmediate || view.setTimeout)(function () {
                throw ex;
            }, 0);
        }
        , force_saveable_type = "application/octet-stream"
        // the Blob API is fundamentally broken as there is no "downloadfinished" event to subscribe to
        , arbitrary_revoke_timeout = 1000 * 40 // in ms
        , revoke = function (file) {
            var revoker = function () {
                if (typeof file === "string") { // file is an object URL
                    get_URL().revokeObjectURL(file);
                } else { // file is a File
                    file.remove();
                }
            };
            setTimeout(revoker, arbitrary_revoke_timeout);
        }
        , dispatch = function (filesaver, event_types, event) {
            event_types = [].concat(event_types);
            var i = event_types.length;
            while (i--) {
                var listener = filesaver["on" + event_types[i]];
                if (typeof listener === "function") {
                    try {
                        listener.call(filesaver, event || filesaver);
                    } catch (ex) {
                        throw_outside(ex);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        , auto_bom = function (blob) {
            // prepend BOM for UTF-8 XML and text/* types (including HTML)
            // note: your browser will automatically convert UTF-16 U+FEFF to EF BB BF
            if (/^\s*(?:text\/\S*|application\/xml|\S*\/\S*\+xml)\s*;.*charset\s*=\s*utf-8/i.test(blob.type)) {
                return new Blob([String.fromCharCode(0xFEFF), blob], { type: blob.type });
            }
            return blob;
        }
        , FileSaver = function (blob, name, no_auto_bom) {
            if (!no_auto_bom) {
                blob = auto_bom(blob);
            }
            // First try a.download, then web filesystem, then object URLs
            var
                filesaver = this
                , type = blob.type
                , force = type === force_saveable_type
                , object_url
                , dispatch_all = function () {
                    dispatch(filesaver, "writestart progress write writeend".split(" "));
                }
                // on any filesys errors revert to saving with object URLs
                , fs_error = function () {
                    if ((is_chrome_ios || (force && is_safari)) && view.FileReader) {
                        // Safari doesn't allow downloading of blob urls
                        var reader = new FileReader();
                        reader.onloadend = function () {
                            var url = is_chrome_ios ? reader.result : reader.result.replace(/^data:[^;]*;/, 'data:attachment/file;');
                            var popup = view.open(url, '_blank');
                            if (!popup) view.location.href = url;
                            url = undefined; // release reference before dispatching
                            filesaver.readyState = filesaver.DONE;
                            dispatch_all();
                        };
                        reader.readAsDataURL(blob);
                        filesaver.readyState = filesaver.INIT;
                        return;
                    }
                    // don't create more object URLs than needed
                    if (!object_url) {
                        object_url = get_URL().createObjectURL(blob);
                    }
                    if (force) {
                        view.location.href = object_url;
                    } else {
                        var opened = view.open(object_url, "_blank");
                        if (!opened) {
                            // Apple does not allow window.open, see https://developer.apple.com/library/safari/documentation/Tools/Conceptual/SafariExtensionGuide/WorkingwithWindowsandTabs/WorkingwithWindowsandTabs.html
                            view.location.href = object_url;
                        }
                    }
                    filesaver.readyState = filesaver.DONE;
                    dispatch_all();
                    revoke(object_url);
                }
            ;
            filesaver.readyState = filesaver.INIT;

            if (can_use_save_link) {
                object_url = get_URL().createObjectURL(blob);
                setTimeout(function () {
                    save_link.href = object_url;
                    save_link.download = name;
                    click(save_link);
                    dispatch_all();
                    revoke(object_url);
                    filesaver.readyState = filesaver.DONE;
                });
                return;
            }

            fs_error();
        }
        , FS_proto = FileSaver.prototype
        , saveAs = function (blob, name, no_auto_bom) {
            return new FileSaver(blob, name || blob.name || "download", no_auto_bom);
        }
    ;
    // IE 10+ (native saveAs)
    if (typeof navigator !== "undefined" && navigator.msSaveOrOpenBlob) {
        return function (blob, name, no_auto_bom) {
            name = name || blob.name || "download";

            if (!no_auto_bom) {
                blob = auto_bom(blob);
            }
            return navigator.msSaveOrOpenBlob(blob, name);
        };
    }

    FS_proto.abort = function () { };
    FS_proto.readyState = FS_proto.INIT = 0;
    FS_proto.WRITING = 1;
    FS_proto.DONE = 2;

    FS_proto.error =
        FS_proto.onwritestart =
            FS_proto.onprogress =
                FS_proto.onwrite =
                    FS_proto.onabort =
                        FS_proto.onerror =
                            FS_proto.onwriteend =
                                null;

    return saveAs;
}(
    typeof self !== "undefined" && self
    || typeof window !== "undefined" && window
    || this.content
));
// `self` is undefined in Firefox for Android content script context
// while `this` is nsIContentFrameMessageManager
// with an attribute `content` that corresponds to the window

if (typeof module !== "undefined" && module.exports) {
    module.exports.saveAs = saveAs;
} else if ((typeof define !== "undefined" && define !== null) && (define.amd !== null)) {
    define([], function () {
        return saveAs;
    });
}

由于html在通过插件转ｗｏｒｄ的时候，样式问题较多，采用xml进行处理，下面提供一份ｄｅｍｏ

<html xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office"
      xmlns:w="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word"
      xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40">

<!--<html>-->
<head>
 <meta http-equiv=Content-Type content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
 <meta name=ProgId content=Word.Document>
 <meta name=Generator content="Microsoft Word 15">
 <meta name=Originator content="Microsoft Word 15">
 <link rel=File-List href="report.fld/filelist.xml">
 <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
 <o:DocumentProperties>
  <o:Author>user</o:Author>
  <o:LastAuthor>user</o:LastAuthor>
  <o:Revision>2</o:Revision>
  <o:TotalTime>37</o:TotalTime>
  <o:LastPrinted>2018-09-17T09:32:00Z</o:LastPrinted>
  <o:Created>2018-09-17T09:51:00Z</o:Created>
  <o:LastSaved>2018-09-17T09:51:00Z</o:LastSaved>
  <o:Pages>1</o:Pages>
  <o:Words>27</o:Words>
  <o:Characters>158</o:Characters>
  <o:Lines>1</o:Lines>
  <o:Paragraphs>1</o:Paragraphs>
  <o:CharactersWithSpaces>184</o:CharactersWithSpaces>
  <o:Version>16.00</o:Version>
 </o:DocumentProperties>
 <o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
  <o:AllowPNG/>
 </o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
</xml><![endif]-->
 <link rel=themeData href="report.fld/themedata.thmx">
 <link rel=colorSchemeMapping href="report.fld/colorschememapping.xml">
 <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
 <w:WordDocument>
  <w:View>Print</w:View>
  <w:Zoom>142</w:Zoom>
  <w:SpellingState>Clean</w:SpellingState>
  <w:GrammarState>Clean</w:GrammarState>
  <w:TrackMoves>false</w:TrackMoves>
  <w:TrackFormatting/>
  <w:PunctuationKerning/>
  <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
  <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
  <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
  <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
  <w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
  <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther>
  <w:LidThemeAsian>ZH-CN</w:LidThemeAsian>
  <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
  <w:Compatibility>
   <w:BreakWrappedTables/>
   <w:SnapToGridInCell/>
   <w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
   <w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
   <w:DontGrowAutofit/>
   <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
   <w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/>
   <w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/>
   <w:OverrideTableStyleHps/>
   <w:UseFELayout/>
  </w:Compatibility>
  <m:mathPr>
   <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
   <m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
   <m:brkBinSub m:val="&#45;-"/>
   <m:smallFrac m:val="of