SprinMVC

最新推荐文章于 2024-01-21 01:30:51 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2024-01-21 01:30:51 发布 · 320 阅读

1 ·

CC 4.0 BY-SA版权

文章标签：

#SpringMVC

SpringMVC 同时被 2 个专栏收录

8 篇文章

订阅专栏

Spring

6 篇文章

订阅专栏

本文详细介绍了SpringMVC框架的环境搭建过程，包括引入必要的Jar文件、配置web.xml和SpringMVC配置文件，以及创建Controller和View。此外，还讲解了如何通过注解驱动简化配置，并演示了参数传递和页面跳转的方法。

Spring MVC环境搭建

引入Jar文件
spring-web-3.2.12.RELEASE.jar
spring-webmvc-3.2.12.RELEASE.jar
Spring MVC 配置（在web.xml中配置servlet定义DispatcherServlet 创建SpringMVC的配置文件）

web.xml

<servlet>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

SpringMVC配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
   xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
   xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd      
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd">
        
       
	    <bean name="/index.html" class="cn.smbms.controller.IndexController"/>
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        	<property name="prefix">
        		<value>/WEB-INF/jsp/</value>
        	</property>
        	<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
        </bean>

</beans>

创建Controller

public class IndexController extends AbstractController {

	@Override
	protected ModelAndView handleRequestInternal(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1) throws Exception {
		System.out.println("hello,SpringMVC");
		return new ModelAndView("index");
	}
}

创建View
在/WEB-INF下创建文件夹jsp 然后创建index.jsp文件
部署运行
通过localhost:8080/项目名/index.html访问

修改HandlerMapper(处理器映射)
修改SpringMVC配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
   xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
   xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd      
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd">
        
        <!-- 对包进行扫描 -->
        <context:component-scan base-package="cn.smbms.controller"/>
        <!-- 配置该标签会自动注册 -->
        <mvc:annotation-driven/>
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        	<property name="prefix">
        		<value>/WEB-INF/jsp/</value>
        	</property>
        	<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
        </bean>
  </beans>

修改Controller文件

package cn.smbms.controller;

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.AbstractController;

/**
 * Servlet implementation class InternalResourceViewResolver
 */
@WebServlet("/InternalResourceViewResolver")
@Controller
public class IndexController {

	@RequestMapping("/index")
	public String index(){
		System.out.println("1");
		return "index";
	}
}

参数传递(先创建welcome.jsp页面)

Controller页面

@WebServlet("/InternalResourceViewResolver")
@Controller
public class IndexController {

	@RequestMapping("/index")
	public String index(){
		System.out.println("1");
		return "index";
	}
	@RequestMapping("/welcome")//这里的welcome相当于Serlvet访问路径
	public String welcome(@RequestParam String username){
		System.out.println("欢迎"+username);
		return "welcome";//这里的welcome是welcome.jsp页面
	}
	

}

访问 localhost:8080/项目名/welcome?username=111

但是以上说法如果localhost:8080/项目名/welcome访问即参数username不是必须的此时页面会报出400错误 如何解决呢

1.RequestMapping("/xxx")定义在类名上
访问路径就会变为 localhost:8080/项目名/xxx/welcome?username=111 多一个xxx文件路径
2.通过请求参数
@RequestMapping(value="/welcome",method=RequestMethod.GET,params=“username”)
Controller页面

@WebServlet("/InternalResourceViewResolver")
@Controller
public class IndexController {
@RequestMapping(value="/welcome",method=RequestMethod.GET,params="username")//这里的welcome相当于Serlvet访问路径
	public String welcome(@RequestParam String username){
		System.out.println("欢迎"+username);
		return "welcome";//这里的welcome是welcome.jsp页面
	}
}

@RequestParam

@WebServlet("/InternalResourceViewResolver")
@Controller
public class IndexController {
@RequestMapping("/welcome")//这里的welcome相当于Serlvet访问路径
	public String welcome(@RequestParam(value="username,required=false") String username){
		System.out.println("欢迎"+username);
		return "welcome";//这里的welcome是welcome.jsp页面
	}
}

在view层接收controller传来的数据

1.ModelAndView

@WebServlet("/InternalResourceViewResolver")
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/User")
public class IndexController {
	@RequestMapping("/welcome")
	public ModelAndView welcome(@RequestParam String username){
		System.out.println("欢迎"+username);
		ModelAndView ma=new ModelAndView();
		ma.addObject("username", username);
		ma.setViewName("welcome");
		return ma;
	}
}

在JSP页面中直接用${username}接收数据这里的username是ModelAndView的key

2.Model

@WebServlet("/InternalResourceViewResolver")
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/User")
public class IndexController {
	@RequestMapping("/welcome")
	public String welcome(@RequestParam String username,Model model){ //这里传参加了个Model对象
		System.out.println("欢迎"+username);
		model.addAttribute("username", username);
		return "welcome";//welcome是jsp页面
	}
}

在JSP页面中直接用${username}接收数据这里的username是Model的key

Model对象

@WebServlet("/InternalResourceViewResolver")
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/User")
public class IndexController {
	@RequestMapping("/welcome")
	public String welcome(@RequestParam String username,Model model){
		System.out.println("欢迎"+username);
		User u=new User();
		u.setName("12333333333");
		model.addAttribute("user",u);
		return "welcome";
	}
}

读取对象时候 ${u.Name} 就是相当于${k.属性名}

Model 放入Map

@WebServlet("/InternalResourceViewResolver")
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/User")
public class IndexController {
	@RequestMapping("/welcome")
	public String welcome(@RequestParam String username,Map<String,Object> model){
		System.out.println("欢迎"+username);
		model.put("username", "username");
		return "welcome";
	}
}

读取${key}

注意：
每个页面访问时候先进入Controller页面访问Controller方法
如果做页面跳转页面的方法
a页面表单跳转b页面
a页面的表单必须设置name属性
然后提交提交后参数会传到Controller 然后访问B页面 (同时也将参数传到了B) 然后在b页面接收显示