单链表的局限:
单链表可以用于表示任意的线性关系。
有些线性关系是循环的,即没有队尾元素。
循环链表的定义:
将单链表中的最后一个元素的next指针指向第一个元素。
在循环链表中可以定义一个“当前”指针,这个指针通常称为游标,可以通过这个游标来遍历链表中的所有元素。
实现代码:
定义的头文件:
#ifndef __CIRCLELIST_H_
#define __CIRCLELIST_H_
typedef void CircleList;
typedef struct _tag_CircleListNode CircleListNode;
struct _tag_CircleListNode
{
CircleListNode* next;
};
CircleList* CircleList_Create();
void CircleList_Destory(CircleList* list);
void CircleList_Clear(CircleList* list);
int CircleList_Length(CircleList* list);
int CircleList_Insert(CircleList *list,CircleListNode *node,int pos);
CircleListNode *CircleList_Get(CircleList* list,int pos);
CircleListNode *CircleList_Delete(CircleList *list,int pos);
CircleListNode *CircleList_DeleteNode(CircleList *list,CircleListNode *node);
CircleListNode *CircleList_Reset(CircleList *list);
CircleListNode *CircleList_Current(CircleList *list);
CircleListNode *CircleList_Next(CircleList *list);
#endif
实现的c文件:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#include "CircleList.h"
typedef struct _tag_CircleList
{
CircleListNode header;
CircleListNode *slider;//游标,用来遍历链表中的所有元素
int Length;
}TCircleList;
/*
创建一个头结点
*/
CircleList* CircleList_Create()//O(1)
{
TCircleList *ret = (TCircleList*)malloc(sizeof(TCircleList));
if(ret != NULL)
{
ret->Length = 0;
ret->header.next = NULL;
ret->slider = NULL;
}
return ret;
}
/*
释放链表
*/
void CircleList_Destory(CircleList* list)//O(1)
{
free(list);
}
/*
链表清空
*/
void CircleList_Clear(CircleList* list)//O(1)
{
TCircleList *sList = (TCircleList*)list;
if(sList != NULL)
{
sList->Length = 0;
sList->header.next = NULL;
sList->slider = NULL;
}
}
/*
得到链表长度
*/
int CircleList_Length(CircleList* list)//O(1)
{
TCircleList *sList = (TCircleList*)list;
int ret = -1;
if(sList != NULL)
{
ret = sList->Length;
}
return ret;
}
/*
链表的插入
*/
int CircleList_Insert(CircleList *list,CircleListNode *node,int pos)//O(n)
{
TCircleList *sList = (TCircleList*)list;
int ret = (sList != NULL)&&(pos >= 0)&&(node != NULL);
int i;
if( ret )
{
CircleListNode *current = (CircleListNode*)sList;
for(i=0; (i<pos)&&(current->next != NULL); i++)
{
current = current->next;
}
node->next = current->next;
current->next = node;
//从第一个元素插入
if(sList->Length == 0)
{
sList->header.next = node;
sList->slider = node;//游标指向第一个节点
}
sList->Length++;
//如果是从第0个位置插入,最后一个节点指向第一个节点
if(current == (CircleListNode*)sList)
{
//定义一个指向最后的指针
CircleListNode *last = CircleList_Get(list,sList->Length-1);
last->next = current->next;
}
}
return ret;
}
/*
链表的查找
*/
CircleListNode *CircleList_Get(CircleList* list,int pos)//O(n)
{
TCircleList *sList = (TCircleList*)list;
CircleListNode *ret = NULL;
int i;
if( (0<=pos) && (sList != NULL) )
{
CircleListNode *current = (CircleListNode*)sList;
for(i=0; i<pos; i++)
{
current = current->next;
}
ret = current->next;
}
return ret;
}
/*
单链表的删除
*/
CircleListNode *CircleList_Delete(CircleList *list,int pos)//O(n)
{
TCircleList *sList = (TCircleList*)list;
CircleListNode *ret = NULL;
int i;
if( (0<=pos) && (sList != NULL) && (sList->Length > 0))
{
CircleListNode *current = (CircleListNode*)sList;
CircleListNode *frist = (CircleListNode*)sList->header.next;
CircleListNode *last = NULL;
for(i=0; i<pos; i++)
{
current = current->next;
}
//删除第一个元素,last指向最后一个元素
if(current == (CircleListNode*)sList)
{
last = (CircleListNode*)CircleList_Get(sList,sList->Length-1);
}
ret = current->next;
current->next = ret->next;
sList->Length--;
//如果删除的是第一节点,头结点指向第二节点,尾节点指向第二节点
if(last != NULL)
{
sList->header.next = ret->next;
last->next = ret->next;
}
//如果删除的元素,恰好是游标所指向的位置,游标向后一个位置
if(ret == sList->slider)
{
sList->slider = ret->next;
}
//删除节点之后长度为0
if(sList->Length == 0)
{
sList->header.next = NULL;
sList->slider = NULL;
}
}
return ret;
}
CircleListNode *CircleList_DeleteNode(CircleList *list,CircleListNode *node)
{
TCircleList *sList = (TCircleList*)list;
CircleListNode *ret = NULL;
int i;
if( sList != NULL )
{
CircleListNode *current = (CircleListNode*)sList;
for(i=0; i<sList->Length; i++)
{
if(current->next == node)
{
ret = current->next;
break;
}
current = current->next;
}
if(ret != NULL)
{
CircleList_Delete(sList,i);
}
}
return ret;
}
CircleListNode *CircleList_Reset(CircleList *list)
{
TCircleList *sList = (TCircleList*)list;
CircleListNode *ret = NULL;
if( sList != NULL )
{
sList->slider = sList->header.next;
ret = sList->slider;
}
return ret;
}
CircleListNode *CircleList_Current(CircleList *list)
{
TCircleList *sList = (TCircleList*)list;
CircleListNode *ret = NULL;
if( sList != NULL )
{
ret = sList->slider;
}
return ret;
}
CircleListNode *CircleList_Next(CircleList *list)
{
TCircleList *sList = (TCircleList*)list;
CircleListNode *ret = NULL;
if( (sList != NULL) && (sList->slider != NULL) )
{
ret = sList->slider;
sList->slider = ret->next;
}
return ret;
}
测试程序:
#include <stdio.h>
#include "CircleList.h"
#include <stdlib.h>
struct Value
{
CircleListNode header;
int v;
};
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int i = 0;
CircleList *list = CircleList_Create();
struct Value v1;
struct Value v2;
struct Value v3;
struct Value v4;
struct Value v5;
struct Value v6;
struct Value v7;
struct Value v8;
v1.v = 1;
v2.v = 2;
v3.v = 3;
v4.v = 4;
v5.v = 5;
v6.v = 6;
v7.v = 7;
v8.v = 8;
CircleList_Insert(list,(CircleListNode*)&v1,0);
CircleList_Insert(list,(CircleListNode*)&v2,0);
CircleList_Insert(list,(CircleListNode*)&v3,0);
CircleList_Insert(list,(CircleListNode*)&v4,0);
CircleList_Insert(list,(CircleListNode*)&v5,0);
CircleList_Insert(list,(CircleListNode*)&v6,0);
for(i=0; i<2*CircleList_Length(list); i++)
{
struct Value *pv = (struct Value*)CircleList_Get(list,i);
printf("%d\n",pv->v);
}
while(CircleList_Length(list) > 0)
{
CircleList_Delete(list,0);
}
CircleList_Destory(list);
printf("Press enter to continue ...");
getchar();
while(1);
return 0;
}
/*测试代码
int i = 0;
CircleList *list = CircleList_Create();
struct Value v1;
struct Value v2;
struct Value v3;
struct Value v4;
struct Value v5;
struct Value v6;
struct Value v7;
struct Value v8;
v1.v = 1;
v2.v = 2;
v3.v = 3;
v4.v = 4;
v5.v = 5;
v6.v = 6;
v7.v = 7;
v8.v = 8;
CircleList_Insert(list,(CircleListNode*)&v1,CircleList_Length(list));
CircleList_Insert(list,(CircleListNode*)&v2,CircleList_Length(list));
CircleList_Insert(list,(CircleListNode*)&v3,CircleList_Length(list));
CircleList_Insert(list,(CircleListNode*)&v4,CircleList_Length(list));
CircleList_Insert(list,(CircleListNode*)&v5,CircleList_Length(list));
CircleList_Insert(list,(CircleListNode*)&v6,CircleList_Length(list));
CircleList_Insert(list,(CircleListNode*)&v7,7);
CircleList_Delete(list,0);
for(i=0; i<2*CircleList_Length(list); i++)
{
struct Value *pv = (struct Value*)CircleList_Get(list,i);
printf("%d\n",pv->v);
}
printf("\n");
while(CircleList_Length(list) > 0)
{
struct Value *pv = (struct Value*)CircleList_Delete(list,0);
printf("%d\n",pv->v);
}
printf("\n");
//循环列表的骚操作
CircleList_Insert(list,(CircleListNode*)&v1,CircleList_Length(list));
CircleList_Insert(list,(CircleListNode*)&v2,CircleList_Length(list));
CircleList_Insert(list,(CircleListNode*)&v3,CircleList_Length(list));
CircleList_Insert(list,(CircleListNode*)&v4,CircleList_Length(list));
CircleList_Insert(list,(CircleListNode*)&v5,CircleList_Length(list));
CircleList_Insert(list,(CircleListNode*)&v6,CircleList_Length(list));
CircleList_Insert(list,(CircleListNode*)&v7,CircleList_Length(list));
CircleList_Insert(list,(CircleListNode*)&v8,CircleList_Length(list));
//通过游标获取元素
for(i=0; i<CircleList_Length(list); i++)
{
struct Value *pv = (struct Value*)CircleList_Next(list);
printf("%d\n",pv->v);
}
printf("\n");
//重置链表的游标
CircleList_Reset(list);
//约瑟夫问题
while(CircleList_Length(list) > 0)
{
struct Value *pv = NULL;
//每次取出第三个
for(i=1;i<3;i++)
{
CircleList_Next(list);
}
pv = (struct Value*)CircleList_Current(list);
printf("%d\n",pv->v);
CircleList_DeleteNode(list,(CircleListNode*)pv);
}
CircleList_Destory(list);
*/