注解+反射+泛型，解决数据准确性通用校验

最新推荐文章于 2023-08-14 16:51:14 发布

Code_yi

最新推荐文章于 2023-08-14 16:51:14 发布

阅读量726

点赞数

分类专栏： Java Spring

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/qq_33578833/article/details/103601167

版权

Java 同时被 2 个专栏收录

23 篇文章

订阅专栏

Spring

5 篇文章

订阅专栏

前言

前后端分离开发，接口开发等，数据准确性校验是必不可少步骤。常规的处理方案是在数据发送前、接收后增加验证逻辑，针对参数各属性一一验证是否规范，并对错误的信息进行相应的逻辑处理。这样我们需要写很多很多的针对性强的校验逻辑。在这些校验逻辑中存在很多通用的校验例如：非空判断、值是否在枚举/数据字典范围内、数据是否满足某正则表达式规则等。

思考

如何能减少验证代码，验证代码如何统一、通用

整理后的思路

实体属性增加验证注解
注解增加各类验证参数
反射获取bean对象及各属性
获取属性上的注解及参数
执行注解参数对应的验证逻辑
返回验证结果

干货

注解类

@Target({ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.FIELD, ElementType.PARAMETER})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface ValidateField {
    /**
     * 展示/异常提醒文本
     *
     * @return
     */
    String fieldTxt() default "";

    /**
     * 是否非空
     *
     * @return
     */
    boolean notEmpty() default false;

    /**
     * 正则验证
     *
     * @return
     */
    String regex() default "";

    /**
     * 验证枚举
     *
     * @return
     */
    Class<? extends Enum<?>> enumClass() default DefaultEnum.class;

    /**
     * 自定义业务验证逻辑
     * 必须继承{@link ValidateService}接口
     *
     * @return
     */
    Class<? extends ValidateService> validateClass() default ValidateService.class;
}

枚举默认类

public enum DefaultEnum {
    ;
    private String code;
    private String name;

    DefaultEnum(String code, String name) {
        this.code = code;
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getCode() {
        return code;
    }

    public void setCode(String code) {
        this.code = code;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
}

业务验证基类

public interface ValidateService {
    /**
     * 执行验证
     * @param value
     * @return
     */
    boolean validate(Object value);
}

验证类

此类为验证主类。

public class ModelValidate {
    private static ApplicationContext applicationContext;

    /**
     * bean验证
     * @param model
     * @return
     */
    public static String validate(Object model) {
        StringBuilder rtn = new StringBuilder();
        try {
            Field[] fields = model.getClass().getDeclaredFields();
            for (Field field : fields) {
                ValidateField validateField = field.getAnnotation(ValidateField.class);
                if (validateField != null) {
                    //设置可访问,不然拿不到private
                    field.setAccessible(true);
                    Object value = field.get(model);
                    validateEmpty(rtn, field, validateField, value);
                    if (value != null) {
                        //正则表达式验证
                        validateRegex(rtn, field, validateField, value);
                        //枚举验证
                        validateEnum(rtn, field, validateField, value);
                        //业务逻辑验证
                        validateByClass(rtn, field, validateField, value);
                    }
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            rtn.append("推送的类型不存在！");
        }
        return rtn.toString();
    }

    /**
     * 非空验证
     *
     * @param rtn
     * @param field
     * @param validateField
     * @param value
     */
    private static void validateEmpty(StringBuilder rtn, Field field, ValidateField validateField, Object value) {
        if (validateField.notEmpty()) {
            if (value == null) {
                rtn.append("字段【" + validateField.fieldTxt() + "/" + field.getName() + "】必填；");
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 正则表达式验证
     *
     * @param rtn
     * @param field
     * @param validateField
     * @param value
     */
    private static void validateRegex(StringBuilder rtn, Field field, ValidateField validateField, Object value) {
        //验证正则表达式
        if (validateField.regex() != null && validateField.regex().length() > 0) {
            if (!Pattern.matches(validateField.regex(), value.toString())) {
                rtn.append("字段【" + validateField.fieldTxt() + "/" + field.getName() + "】不满足正则验证规则；");
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 枚举验证
     *
     * @param rtn
     * @param field
     * @param validateField
     * @param value
     */
    private static void validateEnum(StringBuilder rtn, Field field, ValidateField validateField, Object value) {
        if (validateField.enumClass() != null && !validateField.enumClass().getSimpleName().equals("DefaultEnum")) {
            //此处为getCode可根据业务情况调整
            Object enumObject = EnumUtils.getByMethodAndParam(validateField.enumClass(), "getCode", value);
            if (enumObject == null) {
                rtn.append("字段【" + validateField.fieldTxt() + "/" + field.getName() + "】不是定义枚举中的值。现在值：" + value.toString() + "，应值见：" + validateField.enumClass().getName() + "；");
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 类业务逻辑验证
     * @param rtn
     * @param field
     * @param validateField
     * @param value
     * @throws NoSuchMethodException
     * @throws IllegalAccessException
     * @throws InvocationTargetException
     */
    private static void validateByClass(StringBuilder rtn, Field field, ValidateField validateField, Object value){
        try {
            if (validateField.validateClass() != null && !validateField.validateClass().getSimpleName().equals("ValidateService")) {
                String methodName = "validate";
                //上线用
                //找到Spring容器中类对应的bean
                Object object = applicationContext.getBean(validateField.validateClass());
                //执行validate方法
                Method method =validateField.validateClass().getMethod(methodName,new Class[]{Object.class});
                boolean validateResult = (boolean) method.invoke(object,value);
//                测试用
//                Object object=validateField.validateClass().newInstance();
//                Method method =validateField.validateClass().getMethod(methodName,new Class[]{Object.class});
                //执行validate方法
//                boolean validateResult = (boolean) method.invoke(object,value);
                
                if (!validateResult) {
                    rtn.append("字段【" + validateField.fieldTxt() + "/" + field.getName() + "】不符合规则；");
                }
            }
        }catch (Exception e){
            rtn.append("字段【" + validateField.fieldTxt() + "/" + field.getName() + "】不符合规则；");
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

测试

验证实体

public class TestValidateModel implements Serializable {
    /**
     * 测试必填
     */
    @ValidateField(notEmpty = true, fieldTxt = "非空")
    private String emptyTrue;
    @ValidateField(notEmpty = true, fieldTxt = "非空")
    private String emptyFalse;
    /**
     * 测试正则（手机号）
     */
    @ValidateField(notEmpty = true, regex = "^((17[0-9])|(14[0-9])|(13[0-9])|(15[^4,\\D])|(18[0,5-9]))\\d{8}$", fieldTxt = "正则手机号")
    private String regexTrue;
    @ValidateField(notEmpty = true, regex = "^((17[0-9])|(14[0-9])|(13[0-9])|(15[^4,\\D])|(18[0,5-9]))\\d{8}$", fieldTxt = "正则手机号")
    private String regexFalse;

    /**
     * 测试枚举
     */
    @ValidateField(notEmpty = true, enumClass = TestValidateEnum.class, fieldTxt = "枚举")
    private String enumTrue;
    @ValidateField(notEmpty = true, enumClass = TestValidateEnum.class, fieldTxt = "枚举")
    private String enumFalse;

    /**
     * 测试枚举
     */
    @ValidateField(notEmpty = true, validateClass = TestValidateService.class, fieldTxt = "自定义验证类")
    private String classTrue;
    @ValidateField(notEmpty = true, validateClass = TestValidateService.class, fieldTxt = "自定义验证类")
    private String classFalse;

    public String getEmptyTrue() {
        return emptyTrue;
    }

    public void setEmptyTrue(String emptyTrue) {
        this.emptyTrue = emptyTrue;
    }

    public String getEmptyFalse() {
        return emptyFalse;
    }

    public void setEmptyFalse(String emptyFalse) {
        this.emptyFalse = emptyFalse;
    }

    public String getRegexTrue() {
        return regexTrue;
    }

    public void setRegexTrue(String regexTrue) {
        this.regexTrue = regexTrue;
    }

    public String getRegexFalse() {
        return regexFalse;
    }

    public void setRegexFalse(String regexFalse) {
        this.regexFalse = regexFalse;
    }

    public String getEnumTrue() {
        return enumTrue;
    }

    public void setEnumTrue(String enumTrue) {
        this.enumTrue = enumTrue;
    }

    public String getEnumFalse() {
        return enumFalse;
    }

    public void setEnumFalse(String enumFalse) {
        this.enumFalse = enumFalse;
    }

    public String getClassTrue() {
        return classTrue;
    }

    public void setClassTrue(String classTrue) {
        this.classTrue = classTrue;
    }

    public String getClassFalse() {
        return classFalse;
    }

    public void setClassFalse(String classFalse) {
        this.classFalse = classFalse;
    }
}

测试枚举

public enum TestValidateEnum {
    A("a", "A");
    private String code;
    private String name;

    TestValidateEnum(String code, String name) {
        this.code = code;
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getCode() {
        return code;
    }

    public void setCode(String code) {
        this.code = code;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
}

测试验证业务逻辑

public class TestValidateService implements ValidateService {
    @Override
    public boolean validate(Object value) {
        if(value.toString().equals("1")){
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }
}

测试类

public class TestModelValidate {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        TestValidateModel model = new TestValidateModel();
        model.setEmptyTrue("AAA");
        model.setRegexTrue("18888888888");
        model.setRegexFalse("88888888888");
        model.setEnumTrue("a");
        model.setEnumFalse("b");
        model.setClassTrue("1");
        model.setClassFalse("0");
        String rtn = ModelValidate.validate(model);
        System.out.println(rtn);
    }
}

测试结果

Connected to the target VM, address: ‘127.0.0.1:0’, transport: ‘socket’
字段【非空/emptyFalse】必填；字段【正则手机号/regexFalse】不满足正则验证规则；字段【枚举/enumFalse】不是定义枚举中的值。现在值：b，应值见：cn.pminfo.standard.push.common.test.TestValidateEnum；字段【自定义验证类/classFalse】不符合规则；
Disconnected from the target VM, address: ‘127.0.0.1:0’, transport: ‘socket’