基于maven搭建springmvc框架

最新推荐文章于 2023-04-26 16:37:51 发布

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本文介绍如何使用Maven快速搭建一个SpringMVC项目，包括配置POM文件、web.xml和spring_mvc.xml等关键步骤。

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基于maven，搭建一个简单的springmvc框架

一、创建项目

首先，创建一个maven项目；

next——

勾选create a simple project会自动创建src/main/java，src/test/java，src/test/resources这些maven项目中常见文件夹；

也可以不选，则需要进行archetype Selection，选择webapp或者quickStart均可，此处不详解；

next——

二、配置文件

1.在pom.xml文件中，添加相关依赖，

否则你的

文件夹下将空空如也

pom的依赖如下，视情况添加，此处多余的依赖暂时不删了，添加上也不会有影响；

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.java.zxf</groupId>
  <artifactId>springMvcDemo</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  
  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <spring.version>3.1.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
  </properties>
 
  <dependencies>
 
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>3.8.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
 
    <!-- spring begin -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
 
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
 
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
 
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
 
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
 
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- spring end -->
 
    <!-- web jar -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>3.0.1</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
      <version>1.1.2</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.3.1</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!-- jackson jar -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-jaxrs</artifactId>
      <version>1.9.11</version>
    </dependency>
 
    <!-- commons jar -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
      <version>3.3.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
      <version>2.4</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-collections4</artifactId>
      <version>4.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
      <version>1.1.3</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
      <version>1.8</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-beanutils</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-beanutils</artifactId>
      <version>1.8.3</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-chain</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-chain</artifactId>
      <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
      <version>1.3.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-math3</artifactId>
      <version>3.3</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-pool2</artifactId>
      <version>2.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-digester3</artifactId>
      <version>3.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-net</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-net</artifactId>
      <version>3.3</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-dbutils</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-dbutils</artifactId>
      <version>1.5</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-email</artifactId>
      <version>1.3.3</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
      <version>1.4</version>
    </dependency>
 
  </dependencies>
</project>

2.修改web.xml

用上面的方式创建的maven项目，在src/main/webapp文件夹下是没有web.xml的，需要手动添加WEB-INF文件夹及web.xml文件；

然后修改web.xml，配置前端控制器及相关参数：

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC  
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"  
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >  
  
<web-app>  
  
  <!-- ================spring mvc================ -->  
    <servlet>  
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>  
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>  
        <init-param>  
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>  
            <param-value>classpath*:/spring_mvc.xml</param-value>  
        </init-param>  
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>  
    </servlet>  
    <servlet-mapping>  
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>  
    </servlet-mapping>  
    
  <!-- ================================================== -->  
      
</web-app>

3.配置spring_mvc.xml

在src/mian/resources文件夹下，创建spring_mvc.xml文件；

并配置相关参数：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"  
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"    
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"    
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans   
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd   
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx   
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd">
	
	<context:component-scan base-package="controller"/>
	
	<mvc:annotation-driven/>
	
	<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
		<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
	</bean>
</beans>

三、编写Controller类，添加成功页success.jsp

1.在src/mian/java下创建文件夹controller，这个文件夹是与上一步spring_mvc.xml中配置的扫描包的路径吻合的；

2.创建DemoController类；

3.具体实现

package controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

@Controller
public class DemoController {
	
	@RequestMapping("/test.do") 
	public ModelAndView testController(){
		
		ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
		mv.setViewName("success");
		return mv;
	}
}

说明：

a.因为我们在web.xml中配置了url-pattern为"/"，所以@RequestMapping中的"test.do"写成任意值都可以，只要请求url中与之一致即可；

b.因为在web项目中更多返回一个视图，所以方法返回值写的ModelAndView，在此测试方法中，可以直接返回String

@RequestMapping("/test2.do") 
public String testController2(){
		
	return "success";
}

c.因为我们在spring_mvc.xml中配置了视图跳转的前缀和后缀，所以此处的"success"会拼装成"/WEB-INF/jsp/success.jsp"；

4.添加成功页，在WEB-INF下添加jsp文件夹，及success.jsp页面

在页面中简单写一句话以显示成功即可：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
    pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	A SpringMvc Project Starts Successfully!
</body>
</html>

四、部署项目并测试

1.将项目部署到tomcat上，并启动；

2.在浏览器中输入访问url：

http://localhost:8080/springMvcDemo/test.do

3.成功页；

五、以上就是简单的springmvc项目的搭建，成功。