SSM框架集由Spring、SpringMVC、MyBatis整合而成。Spring是一个轻量级的控制反转(IoC)和面向切面(AOP)的容器框架;SpringMVC分离了控制器、模型对象、分派器以及处理程序对象的角色,这种分离让它们更容易进行定制;MyBatis是一个支持SQL查询,存储过程和高级映射的优秀持久层框架。页面发送请求给控制器,控制器调用业务层处理逻辑,业务逻辑层向持久层发送请求,持久层与数据库交互后将结果返回给业务层,业务层将处理逻辑发送给控制器,控制器再调用视图展现数据。
SSM整合步骤:
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- 在Eclipse中创建一个Maven版的Web工程,注意需要通过BuildPath,找到Maven->Project Facets,取消并重新勾选Dynamic Web Module选项,然后才会创建WebContent目录。
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- 在pom.xml中引入以下jar包:
<dependencies>
<!-- 只需要将spring-context的jar包的依赖配置上,其他依赖的jar包会自动导入 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>4.0.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 只需要导入spring-webmvc的jar包,Maven会自动将它依赖的spring-web的jar导入 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>4.0.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- MyBatis -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.4.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis-spring -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- spring-jdbc -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>4.0.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- MySql -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.37</version>
</dependency>
<!-- druid数据库连接池 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.1.9</version>
</dependency>
<!-- log4j日志文件管理包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
<!-- jstl标签类 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.taglibs</groupId>
<artifactId>taglibs-standard-impl</artifactId>
<version>1.2.5</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
-
- 整合SpringMVC,配置springmvc.xml
<!-- 设置自动扫描的包,需在namespace中勾选context -->
<context:component-scan base-package="org.javaee.ssm" use-default-filters="false">
<!-- 设置只扫描用了@Controller注解的类(控制器) -->
<context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
</context:component-scan>
<!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/pages/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置处理静态资源,需在namespace中勾选mvc -->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!-- 配置注解驱动 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
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- 配置web.xml,配置DispatcherServlet、ContextLoaderListener、CharacterEncodingFilter。
<-- 配置DispatcherServlet,快捷键:Alt+/,选择倒数第二项 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- 配置ContextLoaderListener,快捷键:Alt+/,选择倒数第三项 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:beans.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 配置过滤器CharacterEncodingFilter,目的是为了解决请求和响应的乱码问题 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
- 整合Spring(+MyBatis),配置beans.xml之前,先导入以下文件:1)连接数据库有关信息的属性文件:druid.properties
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test
jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.initialSize=10
jdbc.minIdle=5
jdbc.maxActive=20
jdbc.maxWait=5000
2)MyBatis的配置文件mybatis-config.xml(因可以在beans.xml文件中配置MyBatis相关参数,故可不要此文件)
3)log4j.xml,日志信息,能输出SQL语句
配置beans.xml
<!-- 设置自动扫描的包,需在namespace中勾选context -->
<context:component-scan base-package="org.javaee.ssm">
<!-- 设置扫描除使用了@Controller之外注解的类 -->
<context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
</context:component-scan>
<!-- 引入外部的属性文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:druid.properties"/>
<!-- 配置数据源 -->
<bean id="druidDataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"></property>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"></property>
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}"></property>
<property name="initialSize" value="${jdbc.initialSize}"></property>
<property name="minIdle" value="${jdbc.minIdle}"></property>
<property name="maxActive" value="${jdbc.maxActive}"></property>
<property name="maxWait" value="${jdbc.maxWait}"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 整合MyBatis -->
<!-- 1. 配置SqlSessionFactoryBean-->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactoryBean" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<!-- 配置数据源属性 -->
<property name="dataSource" ref="druidDataSource"></property>
<!-- 配置MyBatis的全局配置文件 -->
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"></property>
<!-- 配置Mapper接口的映射文件 -->
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:org/javaee/ssm/mapper/*.xml"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 2.扫描Mapper接口,需在namespace中勾选mybatis-spring -->
<mybatis-spring:scan base-package="org.javaee.ssm.mapper"/>
- 创建Mapper接口(如UserMapper,与数据库交互的抽象方法),并创建Mapper映射文件UserMapper.xml(对应抽象方法需要的各个SQL语句)
- 创建业务逻辑层的UserService接口和其实现类UserServiceImpl,以及表现层的控制器UserHandler
@Service("userService")
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
//在UserService中注入UserMapper
@Autowired
private UserMapper userMapper;
...
}
@Controller
public class UserHandler {
//在UserHandler中注入UserService
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
...
}