SpringBoot实现Shiro+thymeleaf动态权限认证管理

最新推荐文章于 2025-07-16 14:14:17 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2025-07-16 14:14:17 发布 · 1.9k 阅读

9 ·

CC 4.0 BY-SA版权

文章标签：

#SpringBoot #Shiro #javaWeb #java #后端

SpringBoot 专栏收录该内容

4 篇文章

订阅专栏

本文介绍如何在Spring Boot项目中集成Shiro框架，实现用户认证、授权等功能。从搭建环境到具体代码实现进行了详细说明。

摘要生成于 C知道，由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持，前往体验 >

什么是Shiro?

shiro是一个开源的安全管理框架，可以完成认证、授权、加密、会话管理、缓存等功能。

Shrio有哪些核心API，各有什么用？

Subject：用户主体，是和应用代码直接进行交互的对象；

SecurityManager：安全管理器，所有与安全相关的操作都会与SecurityManager进行交互，是shiro的核心；

Realm：连接数据库的桥梁

Shiro具有哪些功能?

Authentication：认证登录，验证用户的合法性

Authorization ：授权，授予谁具有访问某些资源的权限

Session Management ：会话管理，用户登录后的用户信息通过Session Management进行管理，也就是说用户登陆后就是一次会话，在他退出之前，他的所有信息都在会话中

Cryptography：密码模块，提供了一些加密算法

Web Supportweb：支持，可以很容易的集成到web环境中

Caching：缓存，用户登陆后，其用户信息、所拥有的角色权限不必每次都查，这样可以提高效率

Concurrency： shiro支持多线程应用的并发验证

Tesing：提供测试支持

Run As：允许一个用户假装另一个用户（如果他们允许的话）的身份进行访问

Remember Me：记住我，一次登陆后，下次就不用在登陆了

上面都是一些理论，接下来才是实际操作

1.创建SpringBoot工程

这里用的sts,Eclipse默认是不集成Spring的，没有的话请自行百度安装Spring插件,该案例用的是SpringBoot2+sts4，整个案例完成后目录如下

2.修改pom.xml文件，添加依赖

    <dependencies>
        <!-- SpringBoot集成的web依赖 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>nekohtml</groupId>
			<artifactId>nekohtml</artifactId>
			<version>1.9.6.2</version>
		</dependency>

		<!-- shiro与springboot整合依赖 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
			<artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId>
			<version>1.4.0</version>
		</dependency>

		<!-- thymeleaf模板 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<!--开发阶段使用，修改工程文件时，服务会自动重启 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
			<optional>true</optional>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
			<scope>provided</scope>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>

		<!-- mybatis以及Oracle驱动依赖包 
            这里我用的Oracle驱动包安装到本地的，没有安装会报错
        -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.oracle</groupId>
			<artifactId>ojdbc6</artifactId>
			<version>11.1.0.7.0</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
			<version>2.0.0</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
			<artifactId>commons-dbcp2</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
			<artifactId>commons-pool2</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
			<version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version>
			<type>pom</type>
		</dependency>

		<!-- thymeleaf对shiro的扩展 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.github.theborakompanioni</groupId>
			<artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-shiro</artifactId>
			<version>2.0.0</version>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

3.entry（实体类对象）

package com.zfsh.entry;

public class ShiroUser {
	private Integer u_id;
	private String u_name;
	private String u_password;
	private String u_dept;
	public Integer getU_id() {
		return u_id;
	}
	public void setU_id(Integer u_id) {
		this.u_id = u_id;
	}
	public String getU_name() {
		return u_name;
	}
	public void setU_name(String u_name) {
		this.u_name = u_name;
	}
	public String getU_password() {
		return u_password;
	}
	public void setU_password(String u_password) {
		this.u_password = u_password;
	}
	public String getU_dept() {
		return u_dept;
	}
	public void setU_dept(String u_dept) {
		this.u_dept = u_dept;
	}
	@Override
	public int hashCode() {
		final int prime = 31;
		int result = 1;
		result = prime * result + ((u_dept == null) ? 0 : u_dept.hashCode());
		result = prime * result + ((u_id == null) ? 0 : u_id.hashCode());
		result = prime * result + ((u_name == null) ? 0 : u_name.hashCode());
		result = prime * result + ((u_password == null) ? 0 : u_password.hashCode());
		return result;
	}
	@Override
	public boolean equals(Object obj) {
		if (this == obj)
			return true;
		if (obj == null)
			return false;
		if (getClass() != obj.getClass())
			return false;
		ShiroUser other = (ShiroUser) obj;
		if (u_dept == null) {
			if (other.u_dept != null)
				return false;
		} else if (!u_dept.equals(other.u_dept))
			return false;
		if (u_id == null) {
			if (other.u_id != null)
				return false;
		} else if (!u_id.equals(other.u_id))
			return false;
		if (u_name == null) {
			if (other.u_name != null)
				return false;
		} else if (!u_name.equals(other.u_name))
			return false;
		if (u_password == null) {
			if (other.u_password != null)
				return false;
		} else if (!u_password.equals(other.u_password))
			return false;
		return true;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "ShiroUser [u_id=" + u_id + ", u_name=" + u_name + ", u_password=" + u_password + ", u_dept=" + u_dept
				+ "]";
	}
	public ShiroUser(Integer u_id, String u_name, String u_password, String u_dept) {
		super();
		this.u_id = u_id;
		this.u_name = u_name;
		this.u_password = u_password;
		this.u_dept = u_dept;
	}
	public ShiroUser() {
		super();
	}
	
	
}

4.Dao层（查询用户接口）

package com.zfsh.dao;

import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;

import com.zfsh.entry.ShiroUser;

@Mapper
public interface ShiroUserDao {
	public ShiroUser findByName(@Param(value="u_name")String name);
}

5.添加ShiroUserMapper.xml映射

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//ibatis.apache.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"      
 "http://ibatis.apache.org/dtd/ibatis-3-mapper.dtd">
 
 <mapper namespace="com.zfsh.dao.ShiroUserDao">
 	<select id="findByName" resultType="ShiroUser" parameterType="String">
 		select * from shirouser where u_name=#{u_name}
 	</select>
 </mapper>

6.添加Service业务层

package com.zfsh.service;


import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;

import com.zfsh.entry.ShiroUser;

public interface ShiroUserService {
	public ShiroUser findByName(@Param(value="u_name")String name);
}

7.添加业务层实现

package com.zfsh.serviceimp;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import com.zfsh.dao.ShiroUserDao;
import com.zfsh.entry.ShiroUser;
import com.zfsh.service.ShiroUserService;

@Service
public class ShiroUserServiceImp implements ShiroUserService{
	
    //引入dao接口方法
	@Autowired
	private ShiroUserDao shiroUserDao;

	@Override
	public ShiroUser findByName(String name) {
		ShiroUser user = shiroUserDao.findByName(name);
		return user;
	}

}

8.添加Controller控制器

package com.zfsh.controller;

import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.IncorrectCredentialsException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UnknownAccountException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class ActionController {
	@RequestMapping("toLogin")
	public String toLogin() {
		return "login";
	}
	
	@RequestMapping("toAdd")
	public String toAdd() {
		return "user/adduser";
	}
	
	@RequestMapping("toUpdate")
	public String toUpdate() {
		return "user/updateuser";
	}
	
	@RequestMapping("toIndex")
	public String toIndex() {
		return "index";
	}
	
	//未授权页面跳转
	@RequestMapping("toUnAuth")
	public String unAuth() {
		return "unAyth";
	}
	
	//登录
	@RequestMapping("login")
	public String login(String name,String password,Model model) {
		//编写Shiro认证操作
		//获取Subject
		Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
		
		//封装用户数据
		UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken(name,password);
		
		//执行登录方法
		try {
			subject.login(token);
			
			//没有异常就登录成功
			return "redirect:toIndex";
		} catch (UnknownAccountException e) {
			//登录失败:用户名不存在
			model.addAttribute("msg", "用户名不存在");
			return "login";
		} catch (IncorrectCredentialsException e) {
			model.addAttribute("msg", "密码错误");
			return "login";
		}
		
	}
}

9.编写Shiro类配置

package com.zfsh.shiro;

import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean;
import org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import at.pollux.thymeleaf.shiro.dialect.ShiroDialect;

/*
 * shiro配置类
 * */
@Configuration
public class ShiroConfig {
	//创建ShiroFilterFactoryBean(用户主体，把操作交给SecurityManager)
	@Bean
	public ShiroFilterFactoryBean getShiroFilterFactoryBean(@Qualifier("securityManager")DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager) {
		ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilterFactoryBean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
		
		//设置安全管理器
		shiroFilterFactoryBean.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
		
		//添加shiro内置过滤器，可以实现相关权限拦截
		/**
		 * anon:无需认证（登录）就可以访问
		 * authc:必须认证才可以访问
		 * user:如果使用rememberMe的功能才可以直接访问
		 * perms:该资源必须得到资源权限才可以访问
		 * role:该资源必须得到角色的授权才可以访问
		 * */
		Map<String, String> filerMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();
//		filerMap.put("/toAdd","authc");  //拦截指定页面
//        filerMap.put("/toUpdate","authc");
		filerMap.put("/toIndex", "anon"); //放行
		filerMap.put("/login", "anon");
		
		//授权过滤器
		//Tips:当授权拦截后，Shiro会自动跳转到未授权界面
		filerMap.put("/toAdd", "perms[user:add]");
		filerMap.put("/toUpdate", "perms[user:update]");
	
        //通配符拦截，拦截所有页面
		filerMap.put("/*", "authc");
		
		//修改跳转登陆的页面
		shiroFilterFactoryBean.setLoginUrl("/toLogin");
		//设置未授权页面
		shiroFilterFactoryBean.setUnauthorizedUrl("/toUnAuth");
		
		shiroFilterFactoryBean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filerMap);
		
		
		return shiroFilterFactoryBean;
	}
	
	//创建DefaultWebSecurityManager(安全管理器，关联Realm)
	@Bean(name="securityManager")
	public DefaultWebSecurityManager getDefaultWebSecurityManager(@Qualifier("userRealm")UserRealm userRealm) {
		DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager();
		//关联Realm
		securityManager.setRealm(userRealm);
		return securityManager;
	}
	
	//创建Realm
	@Bean(name="userRealm")
	public UserRealm getRealm() {
		return new UserRealm();
	}
	
	//配置ShiroDialect，用于thymeleaf和shiro标签的配合使用
	@Bean
	public ShiroDialect getShiroDialect() {
		return new ShiroDialect();
	}
}

10.自定义Realm

package com.zfsh.shiro;

import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationToken;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.SimpleAuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.SimpleAuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import com.zfsh.entry.ShiroUser;
import com.zfsh.service.ShiroUserService;

//自定义Realm
//继承AuthorizingRealm
public class UserRealm extends AuthorizingRealm{

	//执行授权逻辑
	@Override
	protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principals) {
		System.out.println("执行授权逻辑");
		SimpleAuthorizationInfo info = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();
		
		//添加授权字符串
        //该处info.addStringPermission()中字符要与数据库权限字段保持一致
		info.addStringPermission("user:add");
		info.addStringPermission("user:update");
		//获取当前用户的ID
		Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
		ShiroUser user  = (ShiroUser) subject.getPrincipal();
		
		ShiroUser dbUser = shiroUserService.findByName(user.getU_name());
		System.out.println(dbUser);
		info.addStringPermission(dbUser.getU_dept());
		
		return info;
	}
	
	@Autowired
	private ShiroUserService shiroUserService;

	//执行认证逻辑
	@Override
	protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken token) throws AuthenticationException {
		System.out.println("执行认证逻辑");
		
		//1.判断用户名
		UsernamePasswordToken newToken = (UsernamePasswordToken)token;
		ShiroUser user = shiroUserService.findByName(newToken.getUsername());
		
		if(user==null) {
			//用户名不存在
			return null;//Shiro底层会抛出UnkownAccountException 
		}
		
		//2.判断密码
		return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(user,user.getU_password(),"");
	}
	
}

11.修改application.properties配置文件

#修改默认端口号为8089
server.port=8089

spring.thymeleaf.cache=false
spring.thymeleaf.mode=LEGACYHTML5

#数据源配置 
spring.datasource.type=org.apache.commons.dbcp2.BasicDataSource
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver
spring.datasource.username=ht
spring.datasource.password=hting
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521/xe

#起别名
mybatis.type-aliases-package=com.zfsh.entry

#查找自定义目录下的mapper映射文件
mybatis.mapper-locations=classpath:com/zfsh/mapper/*Mapper.xml

12.后台代码以及全部写完，现在编写前台代码

12.1:在src/main/resources/templates下创建user文件目录存储关于用户的html网页

12.2：在templates根目录编写index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>首页</title>
</head>
<body>
	<h1 align="center" th:text="${msg}"></h1>
	
	<!-- 判断是否有添加权限 -->
	<div shiro:hasPermission="user:add">
		进入用户添加：<a href="toAdd">用户添加</a><br />
	</div>
	
	<!-- 判断是否有更新权限 -->
	<div shiro:hasPermission="user:update">
	进入用户更新：<a href="toUpdate">用户更新</a><br />
	</div>
	
	<a href="toLogin">登录</a>
</body>
</html>

12.3：在templates根目录编写login.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>登录</title>
</head>
<body>
	<h1 align="center">登录页面</h1>
	<h3 style="color: red" th:text="${msg}"></h3>
	<form action="login" method="post">
		用户名:<input type="text" name="name"/><br />
		密码:<input type="password" name="password"/><br />
		<input type="submit" value="登录"/>
	</form>
</body>
</html>

12.4:在templates根目录下编写unAyth.html未授权显示页面

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>未授权</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1 style="color: red" align="center">对不起，你暂无该权限</h1>
</body>
</html>

12.5:在user目录下编写简单的adduser.html（仅做显示测试用）

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>添加用户</title>
</head>
<body>
	<h1>用户添加</h1>
</body>
</html>

12.6:在user目录下编写简单的updateuser.html（仅做显示测试用）

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>修改个人信息</title>
</head>
<body>
	<h1>用户更新</h1>
</body>
</html>

数据库表的编写：

create table shirouser(
       u_id integer, -- 用户ID
       u_name varchar2(60),  -- 用户姓名
       u_password varchar2(100), -- 用户密码
       u_dept varchar2(100)  -- 用户的权限
);

insert into shirouser(u_id,u_name,u_password,u_dept) values(1,'sansan','aaa','开发部');
commit;
insert into shirouser(u_id,u_name,u_password,u_dept) values(2,'lisi','bbb','人事部');
commit;

全部代码编写完成，现在启动服务器测试

如何启动?

双击ShiroApplication.java这个类，右键Run As-->Spring Boot App即可

打开浏览器在地址栏输入:http://localhost:8089/toIndex，说明未登录拦截成功，进入登录页面。