参考资料:
https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/text-search/
http://www.runoob.com/mongodb/mongodb-tutorial.html
可视化工具:robomongo
实例–数据库–集合
不需设置相同字段,相同字段也不需相同数据类型
文档就是一行,文档组就是集合
不能有重复的键
区分类型和大小写
用的bjson,类似json
初学指令
use database
db
show dbs
show tables
db.collection.insert({...}) save:指定_id为更新
db.collection.find() .pretty()
toInsert=文档 db.collection.insert(toInsert)
db.dropDatabase()
db.collection.drop()
//全部更新
db.collection.update({'title':'MongoDB 教程'},{$set:{'title':'MongoDB'}}) ,{multi:true})
//文档替换文档
db.collection.save()
//删除对应全部文档
db.col.remove({'title':'MongoDB 教程'})
//删除第一条对应文档
db.col.remove(DELETION_CRITERIA,1)
基本查询:
等于:db.col.find({"title":"菜鸟教程"}).pretty()
//where likes <50
小于:db.col.find({"likes":{$lt:50}}).pretty()
同理:gt lte gte ne
或:db.col.find({$or:[{"by":"菜鸟教程"},{"title": "MongoDB 教程"}]}).pretty()
与:db.col.find({"by":"菜鸟教程", "title":"MongoDB 教程"}).pretty()
与或混合:db.col.find({"likes": {$gt:50}, $or: [{"by": "菜鸟教程"},{"title": "MongoDB 教程"}]}).pretty()
//查出title为string的数据
db.col.find({"title" : {$type : 2}})
限制查询条数:db.COLLECTION_NAME.find().limit(NUMBER)
某些数据的第几条到第几条:db.COLLECTION_NAME.find().skip(10).limit(100)
//排序
db.col.find({},{"title":1,_id:0}).sort({"likes":-1})
无论位置先后: sort再skip再limit
升序降序1/-1:db.col.find({},{"title":1,_id:0}).sort({"likes":-1})
建立升序索引:db.col.ensureIndex({"title":1}, {background: true})
聚合:db.mycol.aggregate([{$group : {_id : "$by_user", num_tutorial : {$sum : 1}}}])
类似: select by_user, count(*) from mycol group by by_user
db.mycol.aggregate([{$group : {_id : "$by_user", num_tutorial : {$sum : 1}}}]) 类似:select by_user as _id, count(*) as num_tutorial from mycol group by by_user
mongo添加账户:
http://ibruce.info/2015/03/03/mongodb3-auth/
use admin
db.createUser(
{
user: "buru",
pwd: "12345678",
roles: [ { role: "userAdminAnyDatabase", db: "admin" } ]
}
)
java连接mongodb测试:
参考:http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/ererfei/article/details/50857103
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.bson.Document;
import com.mongodb.MongoClient;
import com.mongodb.MongoCredential;
import com.mongodb.ServerAddress;
import com.mongodb.client.FindIterable;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoCollection;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoCursor;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoDatabase;
public class Connect {
public static void main(String[] args){
try {
//连接到MongoDB服务 如果是远程连接可以替换“localhost”为服务器所在IP地址
//ServerAddress()两个参数分别为 服务器地址 和 端口
ServerAddress serverAddress = new ServerAddress("localhost",27017);
List<ServerAddress> addrs = new ArrayList<ServerAddress>();
addrs.add(serverAddress);
//MongoCredential.createScramSha1Credential()三个参数分别为 用户名 数据库名称 密码
MongoCredential credential = MongoCredential.createScramSha1Credential("root", "test1", "123abc".toCharArray());
List<MongoCredential> credentials = new ArrayList<MongoCredential>();
credentials.add(credential);
//通过连接认证获取MongoDB连接
MongoClient mongoClient = new MongoClient(addrs,credentials);
//连接到数据库
MongoDatabase mongoDatabase = mongoClient.getDatabase("test1");
System.out.println("Connect to database successfully "+mongoDatabase.getName());
// //创建集合
// mongoDatabase.createCollection("CreateByJava");
// System.out.println("Collection created successfully");
//插入文档
/**
* 1. 创建文档 org.bson.Document 参数为key-value的格式
* 2. 创建文档集合List<Document>
* 3. 将文档集合插入数据库集合中 mongoCollection.insertMany(List<Document>) 插入单个文档可以用 mongoCollection.insertOne(Document)
* */
MongoCollection<Document> mongoCollection = mongoDatabase.getCollection("CreateByJava");
Document document = new Document("title", "MongoDB").
append("description", "database").
append("likes", 100).
append("by", "Fly");
List<Document> documents = new ArrayList<Document>();
documents.add(document);
mongoCollection.insertMany(documents);
System.out.println("Document inserted successfully");
//检索所有文档
/**
* 1. 获取迭代器FindIterable<Document>
* 2. 获取游标MongoCursor<Document>
* 3. 通过游标遍历检索出的文档集合
* */
FindIterable<Document> findIterable = mongoCollection.find();
MongoCursor<Document> mongoCursor = findIterable.iterator();
while(mongoCursor.hasNext()){
System.out.println(mongoCursor.next());
}
} catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println( e.getClass().getName() + ": " + e.getMessage() );
}
}
}