RabbitMQ使用

RabbitMQ实践

最新推荐文章于 2025-07-24 10:30:27 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2025-07-24 10:30:27 发布 · 274 阅读

0 ·

CC 4.0 BY-SA版权

rabbitMQ 专栏收录该内容

2 篇文章

订阅专栏

java面试题网站：www.javaoffers.com

在公司的一个项目中领导要使用rabbitMQ,所以抽时间去官网了解了一下，同同时也学习了一下，这里记录一下自己的学习经验。

rabbitMQ的下载安装我就不说了，网上多的时，不过本人也上传了安装包。

首先了解几个基础的概念：

channels: 用来生产消息和消费消息

exchanges: 用于关联消息队列

queues: 消息队列

rabbitmq 安装好以后默认的账户和密码都是 guest，登陆后首先要创建你的消息队列，

出现下面的界面：

然后将队列与exchange进行关联,看下面的图时，先说一下 binding key 这个词代表我们代码中传递的routing key，为了区别于rabbitMQ服务器中的routing key, 简而言之：代码中的routing key (binding key) 与服务器中的 routing key 进行匹配路由。

我们在开发时用的是amq.match 类型是headers.

代码测试和说明：

将mq的生产消息和消费消息操作封装到一个类中RabbitMQClientUtils ：

/**
* Copyright © 2019 mh615 Info. All rights reserved.
*
* 功能描述：
* @Package: com.mh.others.mq
* @author: cmj
* @date: 2019-2-15 下午3:26:13
*/
package com.mh.others.mq;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import com.mh.others.protostuff.ProtostuffUtils;
import com.rabbitmq.client.*;
import com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP.BasicProperties;
import com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP.BasicProperties.Builder;
import com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP.Queue.BindOk;

/**
* Copyright: Copyright (c) 2019 LanRu-Caifu
*
* @ClassName: RabbitMQClientUTils.java
* @Description: 该类的功能描述: 用于连接rabbitMq
*
* @version: v1.0.0
* @author: 曹明杰
* @date: 2019-2-15 下午3:26:13
*
* Modification History:
* Date Author Version Description
*---------------------------------------------------------*
* 2019-2-15 cmj v1.0.0 修改原因
*/
@Component
@PropertySource(value={"classpath:config.properties"})
public class RabbitMQClientUtils {
   static ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:spring.xml");
   public static String MH_TEST_QUEUE = "mh_test";
   public static String HAI_YUN_DATA="HAI_YUN_DATA";
   public static String EXCHANGE = "amq.match"; //默认的
   public static String ROUTINGKEY = "mh_test_routing"; //自己设定
   public static boolean BOLN = false; //仅仅声明一个boolean对象
   public static ThreadLocal<Connection> tl = new ThreadLocal();

   @Value("${rabbitMQ.url}")
   public String url;

   @Value("${rabbitMQ.port}")
   public String port;

   @Value("${rabbitMQ.username}")
   public String username;

   @Value("${rabbitMQ.password}")
   public String password;

   public static RabbitMQClientUtils getInstance(){

       RabbitMQClientUtils bean = context.getBean(RabbitMQClientUtils.class);
       return bean;
   }

   public Connection getConnection() throws Exception{
       if(tl.get()!=null){
           return tl.get();
       }
       ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
       factory.setHost(url.trim());
       factory.setPort(Integer.parseInt(port.trim()));
       factory.setUsername(username.trim());
       factory.setPassword(password.trim());
       Connection conn = factory.newConnection();
       tl.set(conn);
       return conn;
   }

   /**
   * @Title: productMSG
   * @Description: TODO(作用：生产消息)
   * @param: @param masg
   * @param: @throws Exception
   * @return: void
   * @Auther: cmj
   * @throws
   */
   public void productMSG(Object masg) throws Exception{
       byte[] encode = ProtostuffUtils.encode(masg);
       Channel channel = getConnection().createChannel(); //创建通道，用于发送消息和接受消息
       //BindOk queueBind = channel.queueBind(MH_TEST_QUEUE, EXCHANGE, ROUTINGKEY);//绑定query
       //BasicProperties properties = new BasicProperties();
       HashMap<String, Object> headers = new HashMap<String, Object>();
       headers.put("queue_name", "HAI_YUN_DATA");
       //properties.builder().headers(headers);

       channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE, "", new AMQP.BasicProperties.Builder()
.headers(headers)
.build(), encode);//发送消息
   }

   /**
   * @throws Exception
   * @throws IOException
   * @Title: consumerMSG
   * @Description: TODO(作用：消费消息)
   * @param:
   * @return: void
   * @Auther: cmj
   * @throws
   */
   public void consumerMSG(String queue_name) throws Exception{
       final Channel channel = getConnection().createChannel();
       channel.basicConsume(queue_name, new Consumer() {

           @Override
           public void handleShutdownSignal(String consumerTag,
                   ShutdownSignalException sig) {
               System.out.println("关闭连接后处理");
           }

           @Override
           public void handleRecoverOk(String consumerTag) {
               System.out.println("当信息在ack之前恢复成功后处理");
           }

           @Override
           public void handleDelivery(String arg0, Envelope env,
                   BasicProperties bp, byte[] arg3) throws IOException {
               System.out.println("消息处理-------start");
               System.out.println(arg0);
               String decode = ProtostuffUtils.decode(arg3,String.class);
               System.out.println(decode);
               System.out.println("消息处理-------end");
               channel.basicAck(0, true);//手动认证
           }

           @Override
           public void handleConsumeOk(String consumerTag) {
               System.out.println("消费方法注册成功后处理"+consumerTag);
           }

           @Override
           public void handleCancelOk(String consumerTag) {
               System.out.println("取消成功后处理");
           }

           @Override
           public void handleCancel(String consumerTag) throws IOException {
               System.out.println("消息取消时（比如队列被删除）处理");
           }
       });
   }

   /**
   * @return the mH_TEST_QUEUE
   */
   public static String getMH_TEST_QUEUE() {
       return MH_TEST_QUEUE;
   }

   /**
   * @param mH_TEST_QUEUE the mH_TEST_QUEUE to set
   */
   public static void setMH_TEST_QUEUE(String mH_TEST_QUEUE) {
       MH_TEST_QUEUE = mH_TEST_QUEUE;
   }

   /**
   * @return the eXCHANGE
   */
   public static String getEXCHANGE() {
       return EXCHANGE;
   }

   /**
   * @param eXCHANGE the eXCHANGE to set
   */
   public static void setEXCHANGE(String eXCHANGE) {
       EXCHANGE = eXCHANGE;
   }

   /**
   * @return the url
   */
   public String getUrl() {
       return url;
   }

   /**
   * @param url the url to set
   */
   public void setUrl(String url) {
       this.url = url;
   }

   /**
   * @return the port
   */
   public String getPort() {
       return port;
   }

   /**
   * @param port the port to set
   */
   public void setPort(String port) {
       this.port = port;
   }

   /**
   * @return the username
   */
   public String getUsername() {
       return username;
   }

   /**
   * @param username the username to set
   */
   public void setUsername(String username) {
       this.username = username;
   }

   /**
   * @return the password
   */
   public String getPassword() {
       return password;
   }

   /**
   * @param password the password to set
   */
   public void setPassword(String password) {
       this.password = password;
   }
}

测试类：

import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

/**
* Copyright: Copyright (c) 2019 LanRu-Caifu
*
* @ClassName: RabbitMQTest.java
* @Description: 该类的功能描述
*
* @version: v1.0.0
* @author: 曹明杰
* @date: 2019-2-15 下午4:56:53
*
* Modification History:
* Date Author Version Description
*---------------------------------------------------------*
* 2019-2-15 cmj v1.0.0 修改原因
*/
public class RabbitMQTest1{

//   @Before
//   public void before(){
//       ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:spring.xml");
//
//       String[] beanDefinitionNames = context.getBeanDefinitionNames();
//       for(String beanname: beanDefinitionNames){
//           System.out.println(beanname+"----------------");
//       }
//   }

   @Test
   public void product() throws Exception{
       RabbitMQClientUtils instance = RabbitMQClientUtils.getInstance();
       instance.productMSG("222"); //生产消息
   }

   @Test
   public void consumer() throws Exception{
       RabbitMQClientUtils instance = RabbitMQClientUtils.getInstance();
       instance.consumerMSG(RabbitMQClientUtils.HAI_YUN_DATA); //消费消息
       Thread.sleep(90000);
   }

}
你可以进行测试，