php中POST和GET的微妙差别

最新推荐文章于 2021-07-31 02:52:54 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2021-07-31 02:52:54 发布 · 697 阅读

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CC 4.0 BY-SA版权

本文详细对比了GET与POST两种HTTP请求方式的区别，包括它们的应用场景、数据安全性及可见性等特性。并通过具体示例展示了如何在PHP中实现这两种请求方式。

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1.POST请求只能从表单发出，而GET请求可以打包URL

我们总是通过一个Web表单向脚本传递数据，在Web表单中可以指定脚本作为表单提交按钮的动作。当用户填写完表单并按下提交按钮时，表单数据会被打包，并作为一个POST请求发送到脚本。在PHP中，使用$_POST[]数组获取相应值。

2. GET主要用于从服务器获取数据而不影响服务器上的任何其他方面。POST通常会向服务器发送数据，而且在此之后服务器的状态会有所改变。

3. 与GET不同，POST请求中发送的数据是隐藏不可见的。

4 对于少量的数据提交，GET非常有用。

5 同一个脚本既处理GET请求又处理POST请求。调用脚本的方式实际上决定了它的工作。（下面示例程序）

脚本看到数据通过一个URL作为GET请求发送时，它知道要显示一个确认表单，而不是从数据库中删除任何数据。所有$_GET数组中发送的数据只在确认页面中使用，对于服务器不会有任何影响。

脚本看到数据通过一个POST请求传递时，脚本知道它可以从数据库删除数据，所以使用$_POST数组访问数据。

admin.php

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
  "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
<head>
  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
  <title>Guitar Wars - High Scores Administration</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="style.css" />
</head>
<body>
  <h2>Guitar Wars - High Scores Administration</h2>
  <p>Below is a list of all Guitar Wars high scores. Use this page to remove scores as needed.</p>
  <hr />

<?php
  require_once('appvars.php');
  require_once('connectvars.php');

  // Connect to the database 
  $dbc = mysqli_connect(DB_HOST, DB_USER, DB_PASSWORD, DB_NAME); 

  // Retrieve the score data from MySQL
  $query = "SELECT * FROM guitarwars ORDER BY score DESC, date ASC";
  $data = mysqli_query($dbc, $query);

  // Loop through the array of score data, formatting it as HTML 
  echo '<table>';
  while ($row = mysqli_fetch_array($data)) { 
    // Display the score data
    echo '<tr class="scorerow"><td><strong>' . $row['name'] . '</strong></td>';
    echo '<td>' . $row['date'] . '</td>';
    echo '<td>' . $row['score'] . '</td>';
    echo '<td><a href="removescore.php?id=' . $row['id'] . '&date=' . $row['date'] .
      '&name=' . $row['name'] . '&score=' . $row['score'] .
      '&screenshot=' . $row['screenshot'] . '">Remove</a></td></tr>';
  }
  echo '</table>';

  mysqli_close($dbc);
?>

</body> 
</html>

removescore.php

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
  "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
<head>
  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
  <title>Guitar Wars - Remove a High Score</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="style.css" />
</head>
<body>
  <h2>Guitar Wars - Remove a High Score</h2>

<?php
  require_once('appvars.php');
  require_once('connectvars.php');

  if (isset($_GET['id']) && isset($_GET['date']) && isset($_GET['name']) && isset($_GET['score']) && isset($_GET['screenshot'])) {
    // Grab the score data from the GET
    $id = $_GET['id'];
    $date = $_GET['date'];
    $name = $_GET['name'];
    $score = $_GET['score'];
    $screenshot = $_GET['screenshot'];
  }
  else if (isset($_POST['id']) && isset($_POST['name']) && isset($_POST['score'])) {
    // Grab the score data from the POST
    $id = $_POST['id'];
    $name = $_POST['name'];
    $score = $_POST['score'];
  }
  else {
    echo '<p class="error">Sorry, no high score was specified for removal.</p>';
  }

  if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
    if ($_POST['confirm'] == 'Yes') {
      // Delete the screen shot image file from the server
      @unlink(GW_UPLOADPATH . $screenshot);

      // Connect to the database
      $dbc = mysqli_connect(DB_HOST, DB_USER, DB_PASSWORD, DB_NAME); 

      // Delete the score data from the database
      $query = "DELETE FROM guitarwars WHERE id = $id LIMIT 1";
      mysqli_query($dbc, $query);
      mysqli_close($dbc);

      // Confirm success with the user
      echo '<p>The high score of ' . $score . ' for ' . $name . ' was successfully removed.';
    }
    else {
      echo '<p class="error">The high score was not removed.</p>';
    }
  }
  else if (isset($id) && isset($name) && isset($date) && isset($score)) {
    echo '<p>Are you sure you want to delete the following high score?</p>';
    echo '<p><strong>Name: </strong>' . $name . '<br /><strong>Date: </strong>' . $date .
      '<br /><strong>Score: </strong>' . $score . '</p>';
    echo '<form method="post" action="removescore.php">';
    echo '<input type="radio" name="confirm" value="Yes" /> Yes ';
    echo '<input type="radio" name="confirm" value="No" checked="checked" /> No <br />';
    echo '<input type="submit" value="Submit" name="submit" />';
    echo '<input type="hidden" name="id" value="' . $id . '" />';
    echo '<input type="hidden" name="name" value="' . $name . '" />';
    echo '<input type="hidden" name="score" value="' . $score . '" />';
    echo '</form>';
  }

  echo '<p><a href="admin.php"><< Back to admin page</a></p>';
?>

</body> 
</html>