ssm框架整合出现的接口注解“No qualifying bean of type found for dependency”

最新推荐文章于 2025-06-02 21:19:30 发布

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本文详细介绍了在使用SSM框架时遇到的接口注入失败问题，并提供了具体的解决方案，包括检查mapper.xml配置、确保namespace与接口类全名一致、正确配置Spring文件及添加监听器。

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项目结构：

出错位置：在UserController中，对接口注入失败

package controller;

import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import dao.UserDao;
import model.User;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import java.io.IOException;

@Controller
public class UserController {

    @Autowired
    private UserDao userDao;



    @RequestMapping("/create")
    public String create(@ModelAttribute("form")User users,Model model) throws IOException {
        if((userDao.queryUser(users.getName()) == null)){
            userDao.insertUser(users);
            model.addAttribute("User",users);
            return "login";
        }else{
            return "create";
        }
    }

    @RequestMapping("/login")
    public String login(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, @ModelAttribute("form") User User, Model model) throws IOException {
        model.User tmpUser = userDao.queryUser(User.getName());
        if(User.getPwd().equals(tmpUser.getPwd())){
            model.addAttribute(tmpUser);
            if (request.getParameter("save") != null) {
                savePassword(response, tmpUser);
            }
            return "detail";
        }else{
            return "login";
        }
    }

    public void savePassword(HttpServletResponse response, User users){
        Cookie UserCookie = new Cookie("username", users.toString());
        //设置Cookie的有效期为3天
        UserCookie.setMaxAge(60 * 60 * 24 * 3);
        response.addCookie(UserCookie);
    }
}

错误信息：

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'userController': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private dao.UserDao controller.UserController.userDao; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [dao.UserDao] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}

Mybatis版本：3.3.0

根据错误提示表明UserDao接口注解失败。UserDao接口是mybatis的mapper.xml映射接口。一般情况下接口注解失败的原因是mapper映射文件配置出错和spring配置文件出错。在spring配置文件中影响到UserDao接口的只有数据源配置以及MapperFactoryBean的配置。

mapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<mapper namespace="test">

    <select id="queryUser" resultType="model.User" parameterType="java.lang.String">
        select * from user where name=#{value}
    </select>

    <insert id="insertUser" parameterType="model.User">
        insert into user(name,pwd,age) values(#{name},#{pwd},#{age})
    </insert>
</mapper>

其中一个错误就是namespace的名字问题。mapper的namespace必须是与之映射的接口类全名，由于之前写的项目是自己new的接口实现类，然后再方法中调用sqlSession的方法。例如：

其中test就是mapper的namespace名，insertUser就是对应的insertid。其本质接口实现类和mapper并不是映射关系，因此完全可以运行成功。在本项目中要使接口和mapper出现映射关系，那么namespace的名字必须是类的全名。即把”test“改为“dao.UserDao”。还有一点值得注意，在UserDao中的方法命名必须和mapper一直。例如：

UserDao

package dao;

import model.User;

public interface UserDao {
    public User queryUser(String name);
    public void insertUser(User User);
}

当配置成功后出现左侧的绿色箭头，在mapper文件中也有。当这个问题改好之后发现项目运行还是和原来一样的错误，那么现在唯一可能出错的地方就是spring配置文件的问题。

ApplicationContext-datasuorce.xml



<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd ">

    <!-- 加载配置文件 -->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:META-INF/db.properties"/>
    <!-- 数据库连接池，使用dbcp -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
        <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
        <property name="maxActive">
            <value>255</value>
        </property>
        <property name="maxIdle">
            <value>2</value>
        </property>
        <property name="maxWait">
            <value>120000</value>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
    <!-- 指定数据源 -->
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:config/UserDaoMap.xml"/>
    </bean>

    <bean id="userDao" class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperFactoryBean">
        <property name="mapperInterface" value="dao.UserDao" />
        <property name="sqlSessionFactory" ref="sqlSessionFactory" />
    </bean>

</beans>

在调试的时候发现UserDao这个接口注入还是失败，没办法只好自己手动加载。

ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext-datasource.xml");
        userDao = (UserDao) applicationContext.getBean("userDao");

添加如上代码，发现可以运行。那么说明配置文件没有问题，那么究竟是什么原因导致的呢？会不会是配置文件没有自动加载。

web.xml

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath*:META-INF/applicationContext-datasource.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>

 <!--<listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>
  -->

  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>smart</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>
      org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
    </servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath*:META-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>

    <load-on-startup>3</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>

  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>smart</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

可以看到配置文件我也加载了，经过比对后发现自己没有添加监听器（已经注释），加上后项目运行成功。对于监听器做了哪些事这里附上一个链接：详解contextConfigLocation。

至此针对ssm mapper映射接口注入失败问题的总结：

1.mapper的namespcae命名和接口必须一致，接口中的方法名和mapper映射id必须一致。

2.对于spring配置文件一定要加载，一直要配置监听器。