1:安装docker
sudo apt-get install docker
2:为docker服务创建一个内嵌的systemd目录
mkdir -p /etc/systemd/system/docker.service.d
3:创建/etc/systemd/system/docker.service.d/http-proxy.conf文件,并添加HTTP_PROXY环境变量Environment="HTTP_PROXY=http://[proxy-addr]:[proxy-port]/" "HTTPS_PROXY=https://[proxy-addr]:[proxy-port]/“
4:更新配置
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
5:重启Docker服务
sudo systemctl restart docker
详细配置说明:docker官方