springboot rabbitmq的基本使用

最新推荐文章于 2025-07-07 17:10:58 发布

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本文详细介绍如何在Spring Boot项目中整合RabbitMQ，包括引入依赖、定义交换机队列路由、配置交换机与队列绑定、配置RabbitMQ参数、定义消息体类、订阅频道并启动项目，以及发送消息测试。

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1,引入依赖

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
			<version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>

2,定义交换机队列路由key

 /**
     * 推送到Poster端专用
     **/
    public final static String POSTER_EXCHANGE = "DELIVERY-EXCHANGE";
    public final static String POSTER_QUEUENAME = "DELIVERY-TRANCATE-OPERATION-QUEUE";
    public final static String POSTER_ROUTINGKEY = "DELIVERY-TRANCATE-OPERATION-ROUTING";

    /**
     * 推送到BOSS端专用
     **/
    public final static String BOSS_EXCHANGE = "BOSS-EXCHANGE";
    public final static String BOSS_QUEUENAME = "BOSS-TRADERECORD-QUEUE";
    public final static String BOSS_ROUTINGKEY = "BOSS-TRADERECORD-ROUTING";

3,配置交换机,队列,绑定


@Configuration
public class MQConfig {

    @Bean
    public DirectExchange DExchange() {
        return new DirectExchange(POSTER_EXCHANGE, true, false);
    }

    @Bean
    public Queue queue1() {
        return new Queue(POSTER_QUEUENAME);
    }

    @Bean
    public DirectExchange BExchange() {
        return new DirectExchange(BOSS_EXCHANGE, true, false);
    }

    @Bean
    public Queue queue2() {
        return new Queue(BOSS_QUEUENAME);
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding binding1(Queue queue1, DirectExchange DExchange) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue1).to(DExchange).with(POSTER_ROUTINGKEY);
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding binding2(Queue queue2, DirectExchange BExchange) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue2).to(BExchange).with(BOSS_ROUTINGKEY);
    }
    }

4,配置

spring:
#  rabbitmq:
#    host: 172.16.10.170
#    port: 5672
#    username: admin
#    password: admin
  rabbitmq:
    host: 172.16.15.76
    port: 5672
    username: zxtfadmin
    password: zxtfadmin
#    publisher-confirms: true
#    publisher-returns: true
#    listener:
#      direct:
#        acknowledge-mode: auto
#      simple:
#        acknowledge-mode: auto

5,定义一个类


public class EmployeeBean {


    private List<EmployeesBean> employees;

    public List<EmployeesBean> getEmployees() {
        return employees;
    }

    public void setEmployees(List<EmployeesBean> employees) {
        this.employees = employees;
    }

    public static class EmployeesBean {
        /**
         * firstName : John
         * lastName : Doe
         */

        private String firstName;
        private String lastName;

        public String getFirstName() {
            return firstName;
        }

        public void setFirstName(String firstName) {
            this.firstName = firstName;
        }

        public String getLastName() {
            return lastName;
        }

        public void setLastName(String lastName) {
            this.lastName = lastName;
        }
    }
}

6,订阅频道并启动项目


@Component
public class Consum {

    @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
            value = @Queue(value = POSTER_QUEUENAME, durable = "true"),
            exchange = @Exchange(value = POSTER_EXCHANGE, durable = "true"),
            key = "DELIVERY-TRANCATE-OPERATION-ROUTING.*"))
    public void customer(String message) {
        System.out.println("exchangeName:" + POSTER_EXCHANGE + " queueName:" + POSTER_QUEUENAME);
        System.out.println(message);
    }

    @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
            value = @Queue(value = BOSS_QUEUENAME, durable = "true"),
            exchange = @Exchange(value = BOSS_EXCHANGE, durable = "true"),
            key = "BOSS-TRADERECORD-ROUTING.*"))
    public void bossCustomer(String message) {
        System.out.println("exchangeName:" + BOSS_EXCHANGE + " queueName:" + BOSS_QUEUENAME);
        System.out.println(message);
    }
}

7,发送消息测试


@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes={Application.class})
public class RabbitmqDemo {



    private final static String testData = "{\n" +
            "\"employees\": [\n" +
            "{ \"firstName\":\"John\" , \"lastName\":\"Doe\" },\n" +
            "{ \"firstName\":\"Anna\" , \"lastName\":\"Smith\" },\n" +
            "{ \"firstName\":\"Peter\" , \"lastName\":\"Jones\" }\n" +
            "]\n" +
            "}";


    public final String msg0 = "{\"createAccount\":\"5a232d65d599437e28034eba\",\"depotCode\":\"SC00281000052\",\"id\":1,\"orderType\":-1,\"sourceNo\":\"03156497102757511131855\",\"tradeAmount\":0,\"tradeNo\":\"654446471109742592\",\"tradeTime\":1564971028000,\"tradeType\":1}";

    @Autowired
    RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    @Test
    public void testSend(){
        final EmployeeBean employeeBean = JSON.parseObject(testData, EmployeeBean.class);
        ArrayList<EmployeeBean> list = Lists.newArrayList();
        for (int i = 0; i < 30; i++) {
            list.add(employeeBean);
        }
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(POSTER_EXCHANGE,POSTER_ROUTINGKEY,JSON.toJSONString(list, SerializerFeature.DisableCircularReferenceDetect), msg->{
            msg.getMessageProperties().setDeliveryMode(MessageDeliveryMode.PERSISTENT);
            msg.getMessageProperties().setConsumerQueue(POSTER_QUEUENAME);
            return msg;
        });
    }

    @Test
    public void testSend1(){
        final EmployeeBean employeeBean = JSON.parseObject(testData, EmployeeBean.class);
        ArrayList<EmployeeBean> list = Lists.newArrayList();
        for (int i = 0; i < 30; i++) {
            list.add(employeeBean);
        }
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(BOSS_EXCHANGE,BOSS_ROUTINGKEY,JSON.toJSONString(JSON.parseObject(msg0)), msg->{
            msg.getMessageProperties().setDeliveryMode(MessageDeliveryMode.PERSISTENT);
            msg.getMessageProperties().setConsumerQueue(BOSS_QUEUENAME);
            return msg;
        });
    }
}