java网络编程

最新推荐文章于 2024-01-13 11:00:00 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-01-13 11:00:00 发布

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分类专栏： Java基础

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/qq_26774439/article/details/90755533

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本文深入探讨了TCP和UDP两种网络通信协议的特点与应用。通过对比可靠性和传输效率，详细解析了TCP的连接建立、数据传输及差错控制机制，以及UDP的简单数据报文传输方式。并通过具体代码示例，展示了如何使用Java实现TCP和UDP的数据收发过程。

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TCP传数据

class server {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(44444);
		Socket accept = serverSocket.accept();//阻塞式
		InputStream inputStream = accept.getInputStream();
		byte[] b=new byte[1024];
		int read = inputStream.read(b);//等着数据过来，可以理解用B装数据
		System.out.println(new String(b,0,read));
		OutputStream outputStream = accept.getOutputStream();
		outputStream.write("server发送".getBytes());
		inputStream.close();
		
}
}
class client{
	public static void main(String[] args) throws UnknownHostException, IOException {
		Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1",44444);
		OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
		outputStream.write("客户段发送".getBytes());
		InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
		byte[] b=new byte[1024];
		int read = inputStream.read(b);//等着数据
		System.out.println(new String(b,0,read));
		inputStream.close();
		outputStream.close();
		socket.close();
	}

}

多线程下TCP传输

class server {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(44444);
		while(true){
			Socket s = serverSocket.accept();
			new Thread(new mythread(s)).start();//每次开辟新线程处理，不用等待，且服务器开着
		}
}
}
class client{
	public static void main(String[] args) throws UnknownHostException, IOException {
		Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1",44444);
		OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
		outputStream.write("客户段发送".getBytes());
		
		outputStream.close();
		socket.close();
	}

}
public class mythread implements Runnable {
     private Socket s;
	public mythread(Socket s){
		this.s=s;
	}
	public void run() {
		try {
			InputStream is = s.getInputStream();
			byte[] b=new byte[104];
			int read = is.read(b);
			System.out.println(new String(b,0,read));
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		finally{
		}
	}

}

TCP：可靠。传输无限制，需要建立时间，差错控制开销大

UDP：不可靠。差错控制开销小，传输大小64K。不需要建立连接

udp传输。可以看成两个港口传输货物，港口包装数据港口地址等信息发送，那边接收则以数据容器接收货物，接收后可以获取发送端的信息，数据IP地址等。

class send {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		DatagramSocket ds=new DatagramSocket();//创建发送端对象
		byte[] b="hello upd".getBytes();
		InetAddress byName = InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1");
		DatagramPacket ff=new DatagramPacket(b,b.length,byName,10026);//搜集数据包对象
		ds.send(ff);
		
		}
}

class recive{
	public static void main(String[] args) throws UnknownHostException, IOException {
		DatagramSocket ds=new DatagramSocket(10026);//接受端口
		//创建接受数据容器
		byte[] b=new byte[1024];
		int i = b.length;
	  DatagramPacket datagramPacket = new DatagramPacket(b,i);
	  ds.receive(datagramPacket);//阻塞式等待接受数据
	  byte[] data = datagramPacket.getData();
	  int length = data.length;
	  System.out.println(new String(data,0,length));
		
		
	}

}