MySQL主从

最新推荐文章于 2025-05-13 12:26:39 发布

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#mysql主从 #Linux

环境说明

系统	ip	应用	类型
rhel7	192.168.100.233	mysql	主
rhel7	192.168.100.234	mysql	从

主、从两边都关闭防火墙、selinux
主

\\安装mysql
[root@zhu ~]# yum -y install mariadb mariadb-devel mariadb-server
\\登入mysql设置密码
[root@zhu ~]# systemctl start mariadb.service 
[root@zhu ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 2
Server version: 5.5.56-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> set password = password('123456');
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

创建同步账号授权给从数据库使用


MariaDB [(none)]> create user 'user1'@'192.168.100.234' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> grant replication slave on *.* to 'user1'@'192.168.100.234';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> quit
Bye

配置主数据库

[root@zhu ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[root@zhu ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
log-bin=mysql-bin			\\启用binlog日志
server-id=1				数据库服务器唯一标识符，主库的server-id值必须比从库的大
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the
# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid

#
# include all files from the config directory
#
!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d

\\重启mysql服务
[root@zhu ~]# systemctl restart mariadb.service 
[root@zhu ~]# ss -antl
State       Recv-Q Send-Q     Local Address:Port                    Peer Address:Port              
LISTEN      0      128                    *:22                                 *:*                  
LISTEN      0      100            127.0.0.1:25                                 *:*                  
LISTEN      0      50                     *:3306                               *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128                   :::22                                :::*                  
LISTEN      0      100                  ::1:25                                :::*     
\\查看主库状态
[root@zhu ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 2
Server version: 5.5.56-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 |      245 |              |                  |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

从

\\安装mysql
[root@cong ~]# yum -y install mariadb mariadb-devel mariadb-server
\\设置密码
[root@cong ~]# systemctl start mariadb.service 
[root@cong ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 2
Server version: 5.5.56-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> set password = password('123456');
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> quit
Bye

配置从数据库

[root@cong ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[root@cong ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
relay-log=mysql-relay-bin\\启用中继日志relay-log
server-id=2				\\设置从库的唯一标识符，从库的server-id值必须小于从库
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the
# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid

#
# include all files from the config directory
#
!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d
\\重启mysql服务
[root@cong ~]# systemctl restart mariadb.service

配置并启动主从复制

[root@cong ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 2
Server version: 5.5.56-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> change master to
    -> master_host='192.168.100.233',
    -> master_user='user1',
    -> master_password='123456',
    -> master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',
    -> master_log_pos=245;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

查看从服务器状态

MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status \G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 192.168.100.233
                  Master_User: user1
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 245
               Relay_Log_File: mysql-relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 529
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 245
              Relay_Log_Space: 823
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
             Master_Server_Id: 1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

测试验证
修改前

主
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
从
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

修改后

主
MariaDB [(none)]> create database ls;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| ls                 |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
从
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| ls                 |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)