pbkdf2&sha256加密验证算法 | 密码加密

pbkdf2_sha256加密验证算法

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最近在改由Java取代Python验证用户登录的加密方式。Python通过pbkdf2算法和sha256算法对用户的密码进行加密，由于业务需要，转由Java方式实现。弄了许久也是终于完成了Python和Java的无缝对接。

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主要使用"getEncodedHash"方法和"encode"方法，具体的加密方式根据自己的需求而定，Python代码就不贴了，这里主要是给大家一个参考思路

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Java代码：

具体参考 getEncodedHash 方法，因为返回有很多格式，这里列举了Base64和64位的十六进制

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下面贴代码： Pbkdf2Sha256 工具类

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import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
import javax.crypto.SecretKeyFactory;
import javax.crypto.spec.PBEKeySpec;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.spec.InvalidKeySpecException;
import java.security.spec.KeySpec;
import java.util.Random;

/**
 * PBKDF2_SHA256加密验证算法
 *
 * @author 慌途L
 */

public class Pbkdf2Sha256 {

    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Pbkdf2Sha256.class);

    /**
     * 盐的长度
     */
    public static final int SALT_BYTE_SIZE = 16;

    /**
     * 生成密文的长度(例：64 * 4，密文长度为64)
     */
    public static final int HASH_BIT_SIZE = 64 * 4;

    /**
     * 迭代次数(默认迭代次数为 2000)
     */
    private static final Integer DEFAULT_ITERATIONS = 2000;

    /**
     * 算法名称
     */
    private static final String algorithm = "PBKDF2&SHA256";

    /**
     * 获取密文
     * @param password   密码明文
     * @param salt       加盐
     * @param iterations 迭代次数
     * @return
     */
    public static String getEncodedHash(String password, String salt, int iterations) {
        // Returns only the last part of whole encoded password
        SecretKeyFactory keyFactory = null;
        try {
            keyFactory = SecretKeyFactory.getInstance("PBKDF2WithHmacSHA256");
        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
            logger.error("Could NOT retrieve PBKDF2WithHmacSHA256 algorithm", e);
        }
        KeySpec keySpec = new PBEKeySpec(password.toCharArray(), salt.getBytes(Charset.forName("UTF-8")), iterations, HASH_BIT_SIZE);
        SecretKey secret = null;
        try {
            secret = keyFactory.generateSecret(keySpec);
        } catch (InvalidKeySpecException e) {
            logger.error("Could NOT generate secret key", e);
        }

        //使用Base64进行转码密文
//        byte[] rawHash = secret.getEncoded();
//        byte[] hashBase64 = Base64.getEncoder().encode(rawHash);
//        return new String(hashBase64);

        //使用十六进制密文
        return toHex(secret.getEncoded());
    }

    /**
     * 十六进制字符串转二进制字符串
     * @param hex     十六进制字符串
     * @return      
     */
    private static byte[] fromHex(String hex) {
        byte[] binary = new byte[hex.length() / 2];
        for (int i = 0; i < binary.length; i++) {
            binary[i] = (byte) Integer.parseInt(hex.substring(2 * i, 2 * i + 2), 16);
        }
        return binary;
    }

    /**
     * 二进制字符串转十六进制字符串
     * @param array     二进制数组
     * @return      
     */
    private static String toHex(byte[] array) {
        BigInteger bi = new BigInteger(1, array);
        String hex = bi.toString(16);
        int paddingLength = (array.length * 2) - hex.length();
        if (paddingLength > 0)
            return String.format("%0" + paddingLength + "d", 0) + hex;
        else
            return hex;
    }

    /**
     * 密文加盐     (获取‘SALT_BYTE_SIZE’长度的盐值)
     * @return
     */
    public static String getsalt() {
        //盐值使用ASCII表的数字加大小写字母组成
        int length = SALT_BYTE_SIZE;
        Random rand = new Random();
        char[] rs = new char[length];
        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
            int t = rand.nextInt(3);
            if (t == 0) {
                rs[i] = (char) (rand.nextInt(10) + 48);
            } else if (t == 1) {
                rs[i] = (char) (rand.nextInt(26) + 65);
            } else {
                rs[i] = (char) (rand.nextInt(26) + 97);
            }
        }
        return new String(rs);
    }

    /**
     * 获取密文
     * 默认迭代次数：2000
     * @param password      明文密码
     * @return
     */
    public static String encode(String password) {
        return encode(password, getsalt());
    }

    /**
     * 获取密文
     * @param password      明文密码
     * @param iterations    迭代次数
     * @return
     */
    public static String encode(String password, int iterations) {
        return encode(password, getsalt(), iterations);
    }

    /**
     * 获取密文
     * 默认迭代次数：2000
     * @param password      明文密码
     * @param salt          盐值
     * @return
     */
    public static String encode(String password, String salt) {
        return encode(password, salt, DEFAULT_ITERATIONS);
    }

    /**
     * 最终返回的整串密文
     *
     * 注：此方法返回密文字符串组成：算法名称+迭代次数+盐值+密文
     * 不需要的直接用getEncodedHash方法返回的密文
     *
     * @param password   密码明文
     * @param salt       加盐
     * @param iterations 迭代次数
     * @return
     */
    public static String encode(String password, String salt, int iterations) {
        // returns hashed password, along with algorithm, number of iterations and salt
        String hash = getEncodedHash(password, salt, iterations);
        return String.format("%s$%d$%s$%s", algorithm, iterations, salt, hash);
    }

    /**
     * 验证密码
     * @param password       明文
     * @param hashedPassword 密文
     * @return
     */
    public static boolean verification(String password, String hashedPassword) {
        //hashedPassword = 算法名称+迭代次数+盐值+密文;
        String[] parts = hashedPassword.split("\\$");
        if (parts.length != 4) {
            return false;
        }
        //解析得到迭代次数和盐值进行盐值
        Integer iterations = Integer.parseInt(parts[1]);
        String salt = parts[2];
        String hash = encode(password, salt, iterations);
        return hash.equals(hashedPassword);
    }
}

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Test测试类：通过密码和密文，验证Python密文是否和Java的一样

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package com.huangtu.test;

import java.io.IOException;

public class TestCode {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

        //获取密文（密码加盐）
        String salt = Pbkdf2Sha256.encode("123456");
        System.out.println("salt===" + salt);
        boolean verification = Pbkdf2Sha256.verification("123456", salt);
        System.out.println(verification);


        /**
         * Python生成的密码和密文
         * admin123456
         * PBKDF2&SHA256$2000$SzNgPdzz$50f22e207abec8e837bce97642a46f965f19d992217d7df9be496700b286345d
         * PBKDF2&SHA256$2000$VzmO4yOZ$71891148cfbdd9103aaa511d20dc52431c8947ce4a00d89708231ec76053f6f3
         * PBKDF2&SHA256$2000$3xuRb8AR$6bff0310fd35c88572633b00d36e9039fef3e68c6e37b14204958946e8738e93
         */
        String oldPassword7 = "PBKDF2&SHA256$2000$SzNgPdzz$50f22e207abec8e837bce97642a46f965f19d992217d7df9be496700b286345d";
        String oldPassword8 = "PBKDF2&SHA256$2000$VzmO4yOZ$71891148cfbdd9103aaa511d20dc52431c8947ce4a00d89708231ec76053f6f3";
        String oldPassword9 = "PBKDF2&SHA256$2000$3xuRb8AR$6bff0310fd35c88572633b00d36e9039fef3e68c6e37b14204958946e8738e93";
        boolean verification7 = Pbkdf2Sha256.verification("admin123456", oldPassword7);
        boolean verification8 = Pbkdf2Sha256.verification("admin123456", oldPassword8);
        boolean verification9 = Pbkdf2Sha256.verification("admin123456", oldPassword9);
        System.out.println(verification7);
        System.out.println(verification8);
        System.out.println(verification9);
    }
}

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通过测试，用户在python注册加密密码后得到密文，即密码，在java以相同的方式去加密，然后对两个密文进行对比，相同则是密码一致，否则不一致

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最后，希望对大家有所帮助！

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参考网址

• https://howtodoinjava.com/security/how-to-generate-secure-password-hash-md5-sha-pbkdf2-bcrypt-examples/

• https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/u014375869/article/details/46773995

• https://my.oschina.net/haopeng/blog/2873022

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