linux|Centos下Redis安装配置

最新推荐文章于 2025-03-23 23:33:38 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2025-03-23 23:33:38 发布

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分类专栏： linux下开发软件安装文章标签： redis

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/qq_24672657/article/details/102564732

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Linux下Redis安装配置

旧文。整理发布

系统：Centos7

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708 (Core)

下载

官网：https://redis.io/

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本文下载最新稳定版本：http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-5.0.5.tar.gz

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下载获得redis-xxx.Tar.gz后将它放入我们的Linux目录/opt

解压

[root@localhost opt]# pwd
/opt
[root@localhost opt]# ls
redis-5.0.5.tar.gz
[root@localhost opt]# tar -zxvf redis-5.0.5.tar.gz
[root@localhost opt]# cd redis-5.0.5
[root@localhost redis-5.0.5]# ll
总用量 264
-rw-rw-r--.  1 root root 106874 5月  16 00:07 00-RELEASENOTES
-rw-rw-r--.  1 root root     53 5月  16 00:07 BUGS
-rw-rw-r--.  1 root root   2381 5月  16 00:07 CONTRIBUTING
-rw-rw-r--.  1 root root   1487 5月  16 00:07 COPYING
drwxrwxr-x.  6 root root    124 5月  16 00:07 deps
-rw-rw-r--.  1 root root     11 5月  16 00:07 INSTALL
-rw-rw-r--.  1 root root    151 5月  16 00:07 Makefile
-rw-rw-r--.  1 root root   6888 5月  16 00:07 MANIFESTO
-rw-rw-r--.  1 root root  20555 5月  16 00:07 README.md
-rw-rw-r--.  1 root root  61797 5月  16 00:07 redis.conf
-rwxrwxr-x.  1 root root    275 5月  16 00:07 runtest
-rwxrwxr-x.  1 root root    280 5月  16 00:07 runtest-cluster
-rwxrwxr-x.  1 root root    341 5月  16 00:07 runtest-moduleapi
-rwxrwxr-x.  1 root root    281 5月  16 00:07 runtest-sentinel
-rw-rw-r--.  1 root root   9710 5月  16 00:07 sentinel.conf
drwxrwxr-x.  3 root root   4096 5月  16 00:07 src
drwxrwxr-x. 11 root root    182 5月  16 00:07 tests
drwxrwxr-x.  8 root root   4096 5月  16 00:07 utils

备份配置文件：

[root@localhost redis-5.0.5]# cp redis.conf redis.conf.backup
[root@localhost redis-5.0.5]# ls
00-RELEASENOTES  deps       README.md          runtest-cluster    src
BUGS             INSTALL    redis.conf         runtest-moduleapi  tests
CONTRIBUTING     Makefile   redis.conf.backup  runtest-sentinel   utils
COPYING          MANIFESTO  runtest            sentinel.conf
[root@localhost redis-5.0.5]#

修改配置文件redis.conf

daemonize no 改成 yes，让服务在后台启动

# By default Redis does not run as a daemon. Use 'yes' if you need it.
# Note that Redis will write a pid file in /var/run/redis.pid when daemonized.
daemonize yes

安装

在redis目录下执行`make`命令

[root@localhost redis-5.0.5]# make

可能出现的错误:

如果执行make命令不成功，错误提示为gcc未安装，则需要
1、联网使用yum install gcc-c++命令安装
2、 gcc安装完成后，再一次make命令之后
3、如果报错：会报错Jemalloc/jemalloc.h：没有那个文件或目录，可以执行。需要进行第四步
4、解决办法—>运行make distclean之后再make

重要提示：Redis Test(可以不用执行)，不然会很麻烦。

make完成后继续执行make install

[root@localhost redis-5.0.5]# make install
cd src && make install
make[1]: 进入目录“/opt/redis-5.0.5/src”
    CC Makefile.dep
make[1]: 离开目录“/opt/redis-5.0.5/src”
make[1]: 进入目录“/opt/redis-5.0.5/src”

Hint: It's a good idea to run 'make test' ;)

    INSTALL install
    INSTALL install
    INSTALL install
    INSTALL install
    INSTALL install
make[1]: 离开目录“/opt/redis-5.0.5/src”

redis 默认安装路径是/usr/local/bin

[root@localhost /]# cd /usr/local/bin/
[root@localhost bin]# ll
总用量 32748
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 4367344 10月 15 11:38 redis-benchmark
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 8117880 10月 15 11:38 redis-check-aof
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 8117880 10月 15 11:38 redis-check-rdb
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 4807680 10月 15 11:38 redis-cli
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root      12 10月 15 11:38 redis-sentinel -> redis-server
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 8117880 10月 15 11:38 redis-server
[root@localhost bin]#

/usr/local/bin下文件介绍

redis-benchmark: 性能测试工具
redis-check-aof:修复有问题的AOF文件
redis-check-rdb:修复有问题的dump.rdb文件
redis-sentinel:redis集群使用
redis-server:redis服务器启动命令
redis-cli: 客户端，操作入口

启动

redis-server 可启动redis服务，可以指定启动配置文件

[root@localhost bin]# redis-server /opt/redis-5.0.5/redis.conf
6327:C 15 Oct 2019 11:42:58.658 # oO0OoO0OoO0Oo Redis is starting oO0OoO0OoO0Oo
6327:C 15 Oct 2019 11:42:58.658 # Redis version=5.0.5, bits=64, commit=00000000, modified=0, pid=6327, just started
6327:C 15 Oct 2019 11:42:58.658 # Configuration loaded
[root@localhost bin]#

启动客户端redis-cli 默认端口号是6379

[root@localhost bin]# redis-cli -p 6379
127.0.0.1:6379> keys 8
(empty list or set)
127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
(empty list or set)
127.0.0.1:6379> quit

查看进程：ps -ef | grep redis

[root@localhost bin]# ps -ef | grep redis
root       6328      1  0 11:42 ?        00:00:00 redis-server 127.0.0.1:6379
root       6337   1238  0 11:47 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto redis
[root@localhost bin]#

以上就是入门级别安装了，关于如何配置redis及其他的高级用法，请查阅相关文档。

相关的操作命令可以参考 http://redisdoc.com/>

实战系列

redis 远程连接

修改配置文件redis.conf

bind 0.0.0.0
# 在redis3.2之后，redis增加了protected-mode，在这个模式下，即使注释掉了bind 127.0.0.1，还是无法访问
protected-mode no

开放端口号6379

本文直接把防火墙关闭了

[root@localhost bin]# systemctl stop firewalld.service

关闭redis

[root@localhost bin]# pwd
/usr/local/bin
[root@localhost bin]# redis-cli -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6379 shutdown

# 测试是否关闭
[root@localhost bin]# redis-cli -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6379
Could not connect to Redis at 127.0.0.1:6379: Connection refused
not connected>

重启redis

[root@localhost bin]# redis-server /opt/redis-5.0.5/redis.conf
6644:C 15 Oct 2019 14:01:18.754 # oO0OoO0OoO0Oo Redis is starting oO0OoO0OoO0Oo
6644:C 15 Oct 2019 14:01:18.754 # Redis version=5.0.5, bits=64, commit=00000000, modified=0, pid=6644, just started
6644:C 15 Oct 2019 14:01:18.754 # Configuration loaded
[root@localhost bin]#

测试成功

redis-cli -h 192.168.113.128 -p 6379
192.168.113.128:6379>

客户端推荐：Redis Desktop Manager

https://redisdesktop.com/

Redis Desktop Manager是一款适用于Mac OS X，Windows和Linux的GUI应用程序。

设置redis密码

修改配置文件参数 requirepass
默认没有设置密码

################################## SECURITY ###################################

# Require clients to issue AUTH <PASSWORD> before processing any other
# commands.  This might be useful in environments in which you do not trust
# others with access to the host running redis-server.
#
# This should stay commented out for backward compatibility and because most
# people do not need auth (e.g. they run their own servers).
#
# Warning: since Redis is pretty fast an outside user can try up to
# 150k passwords per second against a good box. This means that you should
# use a very strong password otherwise it will be very easy to break.
#
# requirepass foobared

设置密码为 redis


requirepass redis

测试如下


# 关闭
[root@localhost redis-5.0.5]# redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> shutdown save
not connected> quit
[root@localhost redis-5.0.5]# redis-server ./redis.conf
5932:C 25 Oct 2019 14:57:40.437 # oO0OoO0OoO0Oo Redis is starting oO0OoO0OoO0Oo
5932:C 25 Oct 2019 14:57:40.437 # Redis version=5.0.5, bits=64, commit=00000000, modified=0, pid=5932, just started
5932:C 25 Oct 2019 14:57:40.437 # Configuration loaded
# 启动
[root@localhost redis-5.0.5]# redis-cli -p 6379
127.0.0.1:6379> get
(error) ERR wrong number of arguments for 'get' command
127.0.0.1:6379> get k
(error) NOAUTH Authentication required.
# 输入密码
127.0.0.1:6379> auth redis
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> get k
(nil)
127.0.0.1:6379>

设置redis为服务

redis为我们提供了一个很方便的脚本注册为服务,位于utils/install_server.sh

[root@localhost utils]# ./install_server.sh
Welcome to the redis service installer
This script will help you easily set up a running redis server

# 指定端口号
Please select the redis port for this instance: [6379] 6379
# 指定redis服务的配置文件
Please select the redis config file name [/etc/redis/6379.conf] /opt/redis/redis-5.0.5/redis.conf
# 指定服务的日志文件
Please select the redis log file name [/var/log/redis_6379.log] /opt/redis/redis-5.0.5/log/redis.log
Please select the data directory for this instance [/var/lib/redis/6379]
Selected default - /var/lib/redis/6379
Please select the redis executable path [/usr/local/bin/redis-server]
Selected config:
Port           : 6379
Config file    : /opt/redis/redis-5.0.5/redis.conf
Log file       : /opt/redis/redis-5.0.5/log/redis.log
Data dir       : /var/lib/redis/6379
Executable     : /usr/local/bin/redis-server
Cli Executable : /usr/local/bin/redis-cli
Is this ok? Then press ENTER to go on or Ctrl-C to abort.
Copied /tmp/6379.conf => /etc/init.d/redis_6379
Installing service...
Successfully added to chkconfig!
Successfully added to runlevels 345!
/var/run/redis_6379.pid exists, process is already running or crashed
Installation successful!
[root@localhost utils]#

下面我们验证服务是否存在了：

[root@localhost utils]# chkconfig --list | grep redis

注：该输出结果只显示 SysV 服务，并不包含
原生 systemd 服务。SysV 配置数据
可能被原生 systemd 配置覆盖。

      要列出 systemd 服务，请执行 'systemctl list-unit-files'。
      查看在具体 target 启用的服务请执行
      'systemctl list-dependencies [target]'。

redis_6379     	0:关	1:关	2:开	3:开	4:开	5:开	6:关
[root@localhost utils]#
# 查看redis的服务状态
[root@localhost utils]# systemctl status redis_6379
● redis_6379.service - LSB: start and stop redis_6379
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/redis_6379; bad; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: inactive (dead)
     Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
[root@localhost utils]#

可以看到服务中有redis了

# 使用服务启动redis
[root@localhost redis-5.0.5]# ps -ef | grep redis
root      6317  1305  0 15:15 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto redis
[root@localhost redis-5.0.5]# systemctl start redis_6379
[root@localhost redis-5.0.5]# ps -ef | grep redis
root      6326     1  0 15:15 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/bin/redis-server 0.0.0.0:6379
root      6331  1305  0 15:15 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto redis
[root@localhost redis-5.0.5]#

修改redis服务方法,修改：etc/init.d/redis_6379 文件即可

redis压测示例

100个并发共1000个请求

redis-benchmark -h 192.168.0.14 -p 6379 -c 100 -n 1000

存取大小为100字节的数据包。

clldeMacBook-Pro:~ cll$ redis-benchmark -h 192.168.0.14 -p 6379 -q -d 100
PING_INLINE: 13544.63 requests per second
PING_BULK: 12963.44 requests per second
SET: 12733.99 requests per second
GET: 12588.12 requests per second
INCR: 12645.42 requests per second
LPUSH: 11906.18 requests per second
RPUSH: 12632.64 requests per second
LPOP: 13289.04 requests per second
RPOP: 13283.74 requests per second
SADD: 13370.77 requests per second
HSET: 13231.01 requests per second
SPOP: 12451.75 requests per second
LPUSH (needed to benchmark LRANGE): 12583.37 requests per second
LRANGE_100 (first 100 elements): 13297.87 requests per second
LRANGE_300 (first 300 elements): 13075.31 requests per second
LRANGE_500 (first 450 elements): 13308.49 requests per second
LRANGE_600 (first 600 elements): 13175.23 requests per second
MSET (10 keys): 13225.76 requests per second

只测试某些操作的性能

clldeMacBook-Pro:~ cll$ redis-benchmark -h 192.168.0.14 -p 6379 -t set,lpush -n 10000 -q
SET: 13793.10 requests per second
LPUSH: 13404.83 requests per second

只测试某些数值存取的功能

clldeMacBook-Pro:~ cll$ redis-benchmark -h 192.168.0.14 -p 6379 -n 10000 -q script load "redis.call('set','sss','ddd')"
script load redis.call('set','sss','ddd'): 13812.16 requests per second