37 ansible 基础模块

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#ansbile-基础模块

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本文详细介绍如何使用Ansible进行自动化运维操作，包括基于密钥和口令认证的连接方式，通过各种模块如shell、copy、fetch等实现远程服务器管理，如用户管理、服务控制、文件操作及软件包管理。此外，还提供了Ansible常用命令和模块应用实例。

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1基于密钥认证

ssh-keygen -t rsa -P

ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub root@192.168.113.161

基于口令认证

[root@node1 ~]# ansible -m ping 192.168.113.161 -k
SSH password:
192.168.113.161 | SUCCESS => {
“changed”: false,
“ping”: “pong”
}

/etc/ansible/ansible.cfg

log_path = /var/log/ansible.log #日志文件建议开启

command

查看帮助 ansible-doc file/x

	ansible all -a 'ls /root'

模块

shell

修改远程服务器的用户密码

[root@node1 ~]# ansible all -m shell  -a 'echo $hostname'
192.168.113.161 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>

 ansible test1 -m shell -a 'echo test | passwd --stdin test'

192.168.113.150 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>

script

  [root@node1 ~]# ansible all -m script -a '/root/ans-echo.sh'
192.168.113.161 | CHANGED => {

copy

ansible all  -m copy -a " src=/etc/fstab dest=/tmp/fstab"
192.168.113.150 | SUCCESS => {

ansible all -m copy  -a 'content="hello linux" dest=/root/hello'
192.168.113.150 | SUCCESS => {

fetch

抓取远程主机的文件
ansible all -m fetch -a 'src=/var/log/messages dest=/root'

cron

ansible all -m cron -a "minute=*/5 job='/sbin/ntpdate 192.168.113.128 &> /dev/null ' name=sysnctime”

file

创建
ansible all -m file -a 'name=test-ansible state=touch'
删除
ansible all -m file -a 'name=test-ansible state=absent'
创建链接
ansible all -m file -a "src=/etc/fstab path=/tmp/fstam.link state=link"
设置文件属性
ansible all -m file -a "path=/root/hello mode=777"

yum

state: present' orinstalled’, `latest’，removed

安装/删除
  ansible all -m yum -a "name=httpd" #(默认oresent)

service

state：`started'`stopped' `restarted'  `reloaded'
 ansible all -m service -a "name=httpd state=stopped“

user

添加
ansible all -m user -a 'name=testx shell=/sbin/nologin system=yes groups=root,bin uid=55'
192.168.113.161 | CHANGED => {
    "create_home": true, 
    "group": 55, 
    "groups": "root,bin", #附加组
    "home": "/home/testx", 
    "name": "testx", 
    "shell": "/sbin/nologin", 
    "state": "present", 
    "uid": 55
}
删除
ansible all -m user -a 'name=testx state=absent remove=yes'