105. 从前序与中序遍历序列构造二叉树
给定一棵树的前序遍历 preorder 与中序遍历 inorder。请构造二叉树并返回其根节点。
示例 1:
Input: preorder = [3,9,20,15,7], inorder = [9,3,15,20,7]
Output: [3,9,20,null,null,15,7]
示例 2:
Input: preorder = [-1], inorder = [-1]
Output: [-1]
提示:
- 1 <= preorder.length <= 3000
- inorder.length == preorder.length
- -3000 <= preorder[i], inorder[i] <= 3000
- preorder 和 inorder 均无重复元素
- inorder 均出现在 preorder
- preorder 保证为二叉树的前序遍历序列
- inorder 保证为二叉树的中序遍历序列
来源:力扣(LeetCode)
链接:https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/construct-binary-tree-from-preorder-and-inorder-traversal。
- 递归
前序: 根节点, 左子树, 右子树
中序: 左子树, 根节点, 右子树
我们可以根据根节点将左子树与右子树序列找出,依次递归
/**
* Definition for a binary tree node.
* struct TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode *left;
* TreeNode *right;
* TreeNode() : val(0), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
* TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
* TreeNode(int x, TreeNode *left, TreeNode *right) : val(x), left(left), right(right) {}
* };
*/
class Solution {
public:
TreeNode* buildTree(vector<int>& preorder, vector<int>& inorder) {
int N = preorder.size();
for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
in_map[inorder[i]] = i;
}
return myBuildTree(preorder, 0, N - 1, inorder, 0, N - 1);
}
private:
TreeNode* myBuildTree(vector<int>& preorder, int pre_left, int pre_right,
vector<int>& inorder, int in_left, int in_right) {
if (pre_left > pre_right) return nullptr;
int pre_root = pre_left;
int in_root = in_map[preorder[pre_root]];
TreeNode* root = new TreeNode(preorder[pre_root]);
int left_size = in_root - in_left;
root->left = myBuildTree(preorder, pre_root + 1, pre_root + left_size,
inorder, in_left, in_root - 1);
root->right = myBuildTree(preorder, pre_root + left_size + 1, pre_right,
inorder, in_root + 1, in_right);
return root;
}
unordered_map<int, int> in_map;
};