from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver.edge.service import Service
from selenium.webdriver.edge.options import Options
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains
import time
# 配置Edge浏览器选项
def configure_edge_options():
"""配置Edge浏览器选项"""
options = Options()
options.add_argument("--start-maximized") # 最大化窗口
options.add_argument("--disable-notifications") # 禁用通知
# options.add_argument("--headless") # 无头模式（可选）
options.add_experimental_option("excludeSwitches", ["enable-automation"]) # 隐藏自动化控制提示
options.add_experimental_option("useAutomationExtension", False) # 禁用自动化扩展
return options
# 初始化Edge浏览器驱动
def init_edge_driver():
"""初始化Edge浏览器驱动"""
try:
# 尝试使用webdriver-manager自动管理驱动
from webdriver_manager.microsoft import EdgeChromiumDriverManager
service = Service(EdgeChromiumDriverManager().install())
return webdriver.Edge(service=service, options=configure_edge_options())
except:
# 如果自动管理失败，尝试手动指定路径
try:
# Windows默认路径
service = Service(executable_path="C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft/Edge/Application/msedgedriver.exe")
return webdriver.Edge(service=service, options=configure_edge_options())
except:
# Linux/Mac路径
service = Service(executable_path="/usr/local/bin/msedgedriver")
return webdriver.Edge(service=service, options=configure_edge_options())
# 初始化浏览器
driver = init_edge_driver()
try:
# 1. 打开网页
print("打开百度首页...")
driver.get("https://www.baidu.com")
# 2. 获取页面标题和URL
print(f"页面标题: {driver.title}")
print(f"当前URL: {driver.current_url}")
# 3. 定位元素并输入搜索词
search_box = driver.find_element(By.ID, "kw")
search_box.send_keys("Selenium Edge浏览器自动化")
# 4. 提交搜索表单
search_box.submit()
# 5. 显式等待结果加载
print("等待搜索结果加载...")
WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(
EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, "content_left"))
)
# 6. 获取搜索结果数量
result_stats = driver.find_element(By.CLASS_NAME, "nums_text").text
print(f"搜索结果: {result_stats}")
# 7. 点击第一个搜索结果
first_result = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#content_left .result-op h3 a")
first_result.click()
# 8. 切换到新标签页
print("切换到新标签页...")
driver.switch_to.window(driver.window_handles[-1])
# 9. 页面滚动
print("滚动页面...")
driver.execute_script("window.scrollTo(0, document.body.scrollHeight/2);")
time.sleep(1)
driver.execute_script("window.scrollTo(0, document.body.scrollHeight);")
time.sleep(1)
driver.execute_script("window.scrollTo(0, 0);")
# 10. 鼠标悬停操作
print("执行鼠标悬停操作...")
try:
# 尝试在页面上找到可悬停的元素
hover_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "nav a")
ActionChains(driver).move_to_element(hover_element).perform()
time.sleep(1)
except:
print("未找到可悬停元素，跳过此步骤")
# 11. 浏览器导航操作
print("浏览器导航操作...")
driver.back() # 返回上一页
time.sleep(1)
driver.forward() # 前进
time.sleep(1)
driver.refresh() # 刷新页面
time.sleep(1)
# 12. 处理弹窗
print("处理JavaScript弹窗...")
# 触发一个alert弹窗
driver.execute_script("alert('这是Selenium测试弹窗！');")
# 切换到弹窗并接受
alert = driver.switch_to.alert
print(f"弹窗内容: {alert.text}")
alert.accept()
# 13. 操作浏览器窗口
print("操作浏览器窗口...")
# 获取当前窗口大小
print(f"当前窗口尺寸: {driver.get_window_size()}")
# 设置窗口大小
driver.set_window_size(800, 600)
time.sleep(1)
# 最大化窗口
driver.maximize_window()
time.sleep(1)
# 14. 获取页面截图
print("保存页面截图...")
driver.save_screenshot("selenium_screenshot.png")
# 15. 获取页面源码
# print("获取页面源码...")
# page_source = driver.page_source
# with open("page_source.html", "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
# f.write(page_source)
print("所有基础操作执行完成！")
finally:
# 16. 关闭浏览器
input("按Enter键关闭浏览器...") # 用于演示时查看结果
driver.quit()
print("浏览器已关闭")
运行结果：
ValueError Traceback (most recent call last)
Cell In[9], line 28, in init_edge_driver()
27 from webdriver_manager.microsoft import EdgeChromiumDriverManager
---> 28 service = Service(EdgeChromiumDriverManager().install())
29 return webdriver.Edge(service=service, options=configure_edge_options())
File ~\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python313\site-packages\webdriver_manager\microsoft.py:73, in EdgeChromiumDriverManager.install(self)
72 def install(self) -> str:
---> 73 driver_path = self._get_driver_binary_path(self.driver)
74 os.chmod(driver_path, 0o755)
File ~\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python313\site-packages\webdriver_manager\core\manager.py:35, in DriverManager._get_driver_binary_path(self, driver)
34 def _get_driver_binary_path(self, driver):
---> 35 binary_path = self._cache_manager.find_driver(driver)
36 if binary_path:
File ~\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python313\site-packages\webdriver_manager\core\driver_cache.py:107, in DriverCacheManager.find_driver(self, driver)
105 return None
--> 107 driver_version = self.get_cache_key_driver_version(driver)
108 metadata = self.load_metadata_content()
File ~\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python313\site-packages\webdriver_manager\core\driver_cache.py:154, in DriverCacheManager.get_cache_key_driver_version(self, driver)
153 return self._cache_key_driver_version
--> 154 return driver.get_driver_version_to_download()
File ~\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python313\site-packages\webdriver_manager\core\driver.py:48, in Driver.get_driver_version_to_download(self)
46 return self._driver_version_to_download
---> 48 return self.get_latest_release_version()
File ~\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python313\site-packages\webdriver_manager\drivers\edge.py:51, in EdgeChromiumDriver.get_latest_release_version(self)
43 latest_release_url = {
44 OSType.WIN
45 in os_type: f"{self._latest_release_url}_{major_edge_version}_WINDOWS",
(...)
49 in os_type: f"{self._latest_release_url}_{major_edge_version}_LINUX",
50 }[True]
---> 51 resp = self._http_client.get(url=latest_release_url)
52 return resp.text.rstrip()
File ~\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python313\site-packages\webdriver_manager\core\http.py:36, in WDMHttpClient.get(self, url, **kwargs)
35 raise exceptions.ConnectionError(f"Could not reach host. Are you offline?")
---> 36 self.validate_response(resp)
37 return resp
File ~\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python313\site-packages\webdriver_manager\core\http.py:15, in HttpClient.validate_response(resp)
14 if status_code == 404:
---> 15 raise ValueError(f"There is no such driver by url {resp.url}")
16 elif status_code == 401:
ValueError: There is no such driver by url https://msedgedriver.azureedge.net/LATEST_RELEASE_138_WINDOWS
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
ValueError Traceback (most recent call last)
File ~\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python313\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\common\driver_finder.py:64, in DriverFinder._binary_paths(self)
63 if not Path(path).is_file():
---> 64 raise ValueError(f"The path is not a valid file: {path}")
65 self._paths["driver_path"] = path
ValueError: The path is not a valid file: C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft/Edge/Application/msedgedriver.exe
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
NoSuchDriverException Traceback (most recent call last)
Cell In[9], line 35, in init_edge_driver()
34 service = Service(executable_path="C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft/Edge/Application/msedgedriver.exe")
---> 35 return webdriver.Edge(service=service, options=configure_edge_options())
36 except:
37 # Linux/Mac路径
File ~\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python313\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\edge\webdriver.py:47, in WebDriver.__init__(self, options, service, keep_alive)
45 options = options if options else Options()
---> 47 super().__init__(
48 browser_name=DesiredCapabilities.EDGE["browserName"],
49 vendor_prefix="ms",
50 options=options,
51 service=service,
52 keep_alive=keep_alive,
53 )
File ~\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python313\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\chromium\webdriver.py:53, in ChromiumDriver.__init__(self, browser_name, vendor_prefix, options, service, keep_alive)
52 finder = DriverFinder(self.service, options)
---> 53 if finder.get_browser_path():
54 options.binary_location = finder.get_browser_path()
File ~\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python313\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\common\driver_finder.py:47, in DriverFinder.get_browser_path(self)
46 def get_browser_path(self) -> str:
---> 47 return self._binary_paths()["browser_path"]
File ~\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python313\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\common\driver_finder.py:78, in DriverFinder._binary_paths(self)
77 msg = f"Unable to obtain driver for {browser}"
---> 78 raise NoSuchDriverException(msg) from err
79 return self._paths
NoSuchDriverException: Message: Unable to obtain driver for MicrosoftEdge; For documentation on this error, please visit: https://www.selenium.dev/documentation/webdriver/troubleshooting/errors/driver_location
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
ValueError Traceback (most recent call last)
File ~\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python313\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\common\driver_finder.py:64, in DriverFinder._binary_paths(self)
63 if not Path(path).is_file():
---> 64 raise ValueError(f"The path is not a valid file: {path}")
65 self._paths["driver_path"] = path
ValueError: The path is not a valid file: /usr/local/bin/msedgedriver
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
NoSuchDriverException Traceback (most recent call last)
Cell In[9], line 42
39 return webdriver.Edge(service=service, options=configure_edge_options())
41 # 初始化浏览器
---> 42 driver = init_edge_driver()
44 try:
45 # 1. 打开网页
46 print("打开百度首页...")
Cell In[9], line 39, in init_edge_driver()
36 except:
37 # Linux/Mac路径
38 service = Service(executable_path="/usr/local/bin/msedgedriver")
---> 39 return webdriver.Edge(service=service, options=configure_edge_options())
File ~\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python313\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\edge\webdriver.py:47, in WebDriver.__init__(self, options, service, keep_alive)
44 service = service if service else Service()
45 options = options if options else Options()
---> 47 super().__init__(
48 browser_name=DesiredCapabilities.EDGE["browserName"],
49 vendor_prefix="ms",
50 options=options,
51 service=service,
52 keep_alive=keep_alive,
53 )
File ~\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python313\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\chromium\webdriver.py:53, in ChromiumDriver.__init__(self, browser_name, vendor_prefix, options, service, keep_alive)
50 self.service = service
52 finder = DriverFinder(self.service, options)
---> 53 if finder.get_browser_path():
54 options.binary_location = finder.get_browser_path()
55 options.browser_version = None
File ~\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python313\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\common\driver_finder.py:47, in DriverFinder.get_browser_path(self)
46 def get_browser_path(self) -> str:
---> 47 return self._binary_paths()["browser_path"]
File ~\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python313\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\common\driver_finder.py:78, in DriverFinder._binary_paths(self)
76 except Exception as err:
77 msg = f"Unable to obtain driver for {browser}"
---> 78 raise NoSuchDriverException(msg) from err
79 return self._paths
NoSuchDriverException: Message: Unable to obtain driver for MicrosoftEdge; For documentation on this error, please visit: https://www.selenium.dev/documentation/webdriver/troubleshooting/errors/driver_location
最新发布
本文介绍了一次使用Selenium进行自动化测试时遇到的兼容性问题，具体表现为在Firefox上执行ActionChains的move_to_element方法时失败。通过调整Selenium和GeckoDriver的版本，最终解决了该问题，确保了脚本在Firefox上的正常运行。
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