BlueTooth开发（1）---- BTUtil类

最新推荐文章于 2025-06-26 16:08:24 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2025-06-26 16:08:24 发布 · 858 阅读

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#蓝牙

本文详细介绍如何在Android系统上进行蓝牙开发，包括权限声明、蓝牙适配器的获取、蓝牙设备的搜索与连接等核心功能，并提供了客户端和服务端的连接实例。

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1.背景需求

根据需求，在Android系统的蓝牙模块的基础上，对蓝牙机能进行自定义开发。主要还是调用Android中蓝牙相关的API，具体的实现过程后续会详细讲解。

2.开发流程

通过调用BluetoothAdapter.java中的源生接口，来封装一些符合自己需求的接口。

//使用蓝牙，需要声明BLUETOOTH权限，如果需要扫描设备或者操作蓝牙设置，则还需要BLUETOOTH_ADMIN权限
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />

private BluetoothAdapter m_bluetoothAdapter = null;
// get the bluetoothAdapter
m_bluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
// save bt devices
private ArrayList<BluetoothDevice> m_searchListItem = new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();

//检索可连接的蓝牙设备
private boolean startSearch() {
    if (null != m_bluetoothAdapter) {
        return m_bluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery();
    }
}

//停止检索设备
private boolean cancelDiscovery(){
    if(null != m_bluetoothAdapter){
        //判断当前是否在检索中
        if(m_bluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()){
            return m_bluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();
        }
    }else{
        return false;
    }
}

//关闭蓝牙
private void closeBT(){
    if(mBluetoothAdapter == null){
        mBluetoothAdapter.disable();  
    }
}

//打开蓝牙
private void openBT(){
    //方法一：优雅的践行开启并且有弹框进行提示，隐式启动Intent:
    if (mBluetoothAdapter == null || !mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {  
        //没打开请求打开  
        Intent btEnable = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);  
        startActivityForResult(btEnable, REQUEST_BT_ENABLE_CODE);  
    }

    //方法二：直接简单暴力不给用户进行提示
    if (!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {
        mBluetoothAdapter.enable();
    }
}

@Override  
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {  
    if (requestCode == REQUEST_BT_ENABLE_CODE) {  
         if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {  
             //用户允许打开蓝牙  
             mMessageAdapter.addMessage("用户同意打开蓝牙");  
          } else if (resultCode == RESULT_CANCELED) {  
             //用户取消打开蓝牙  
             mMessageAdapter.addMessage("用户拒绝打开蓝牙");  
          }  
    }  
     super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);  
} 

//动态注册蓝牙广播
private void registerRec() {  
     mReceiver = new BlueToothStateReceiver(); //见BlueTooth开发（2）
     IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();  
     filter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);//搜多到蓝牙  
     filter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED);//搜索结束  
     registerReceiver(mReceiver, filter);  
}

//客户端 发起连接方，用于点击某个设备后建立连接
class ConnectThread extends Thread {
        private BluetoothDevice mDevice;
        private BluetoothSocket mSocket;
        private InputStream btIs;
        private OutputStream btOs;
        private boolean canRecv;
        private PrintWriter writer;

        public ConnectThread(BluetoothDevice device) {
            mDevice = device;//被点击设备
            canRecv = true;
        }

        @Override
        public void run() {
            if (mDevice != null) {
                try {
                    //获取套接字
                    BluetoothSocket temp = mDevice.createInsecureRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(UUID.fromString(BT_UUID));
                    //mDevice.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(UUID.fromString(BT_UUID));//sdk 2.3以下使用
                    mSocket = temp;
                    //发起连接请求
                    if (mSocket != null) {
                        mSocket.connect();
                    }
                    sendHandlerMsg("连接 " + mDevice.getName() + "成功！");
                    //获取输入输出流
                    btIs = mSocket.getInputStream();
                    btOs = mSocket.getOutputStream();

                    //通讯-接收消息
                    BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(btIs, "UTF-8"));
                    String content = null;
                    while (canRecv) {
                        content = reader.readLine();
                        sendHandlerMsg("收到消息：" + content);
                    }


                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                    sendHandlerMsg("错误：" + e.getMessage());
                } finally {
                    try {
                        if (mSocket != null) {
                            mSocket.close();
                        }
                        //btIs.close();//两个输出流都依赖socket，关闭socket即可
                        //btOs.close();
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                        sendHandlerMsg("错误：" + e.getMessage());
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        private void sendHandlerMsg(String content) {
            Message msg = mHandler.obtainMessage();
            msg.what = 1001;
            msg.obj = content;
            mHandler.sendMessage(msg);
        }

        public void write(String msg) {
            if (btOs != null) {
                try {
                    if (writer == null) {
                        writer = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(btOs, "UTF-8"), true);
                    }
                    writer.println(msg);
                } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                    writer.close();
                    sendHandlerMsg("错误：" + e.getMessage());
                }
            }
        }
    }

 //服务端 接受连接方
 class AcceptThread extends Thread {
        private BluetoothServerSocket mServerSocket;
        private BluetoothSocket mSocket;
        private InputStream btIs;
        private OutputStream btOs;
        private PrintWriter writer;
        private boolean canAccept;
        private boolean canRecv;

        public AcceptThread() {
            canAccept = true;
            canRecv = true;
        }

        @Override
        public void run() {
            try {
                //获取套接字
                BluetoothServerSocket temp = mBluetoothAdapter.listenUsingInsecureRfcommWithServiceRecord("TEST", UUID.fromString(BT_UUID));
                mServerSocket = temp;
                //监听连接请求 -- 作为测试，只允许连接一个设备
                if (mServerSocket != null) {
                    // while (canAccept) {
                    mSocket = mServerSocket.accept();//阻塞等待客户端连接
                    sendHandlerMsg("有客户端连接");
                    // }
                }
                //获取输入输出流
                btIs = mSocket.getInputStream();
                btOs = mSocket.getOutputStream();
                //通讯-接收消息
                BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(btIs, "UTF-8"));
                String content = null;
                while (canRecv) {
                    content = reader.readLine();
                    sendHandlerMsg("收到消息：" + content);
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally {
                try {
                    if (mSocket != null) {
                        mSocket.close();
                    }
                    // btIs.close();//两个输出流都依赖socket，关闭socket即可
                    // btOs.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                    sendHandlerMsg("错误：" + e.getMessage());
                }
            }
        }

        private void sendHandlerMsg(String content) {
            Message msg = mHandler.obtainMessage();
            msg.what = 1001;
            msg.obj = content;
            mHandler.sendMessage(msg);
        }

        public void write(String msg) {
            if (btOs != null) {
                try {
                    if (writer == null) {
                        writer = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(btOs, "UTF-8"), true);
                    }
                    writer.println(msg);
                } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                    writer.close();
                    sendHandlerMsg("错误：" + e.getMessage());
                }
            }
        }
    }

深入了解Android蓝牙Bluetooth——《进阶篇》