pip-入门操作简介

0.摘要

本文主要介绍pip的常用方法，基于python3环境。给出的命令是Linux的形式，windows的cmd中，需要去掉sudo，部分命令直接输入python即可，不需要输入python3。

 

1.pip版本升级

python -m pip install --upgrade pip 

 

2.安装库

一般安装方法，适用于大多数情况：pip install 库名称

指定使用python3对应的pip安装库：sudo python3 -m pip install 库名称

 

3.查看已安装的库，并更新

查看已安装的库：pip list

检查并显示已过期的库：pip list --outdated

更新指定库：pip install --upgrade 需要更新的库的名称

 

查看pip参数：

使用pip -help 即可查看，内容如下：

命令

install	Install packages
download	Download packages.
uninstall	Uninstall packages.
freeze	Output installed packages in requirements format.
list	List installed packages.
show	Show information about installed packages.
check	Verify installed packages have compatible dependencies.
config	Manage local and global configuration.
search	Search PyPI for packages.
wheel	Build wheels from your requirements.
hash	Compute hashes of package archives.
completion	A helper command used for command completion.
help	Show help for commands.

常用操作

-h, --help	Show help.
--isolated	Run pip in an isolated mode, ignoring environment variables and user configuration.
-v, --verbose	Give more output. Option is additive, and can be used up to 3 times.
-V, --version	Show version and exit.
-q, --quiet	Give less output. Option is additive, and can be used up to 3 times (corresponding to WARNING, ERROR, and CRITICAL logging levels).
--log <path>	Path to a verbose appending log.
--proxy <proxy>	Specify a proxy in the form [user:passwd@]proxy.server:port.
--retries <retries>	Maximum number of retries each connection should attempt (default 5 times).
--timeout <sec>	Set the socket timeout (default 6000.0 seconds).
--exists-action <action>	Default action when a path already exists: (s)witch, (i)gnore, (w)ipe, (b)ackup,  (a)bort).
--trusted-host <hostname>	Mark this host as trusted, even though it does not have valid or any HTTPS.
--cert <path>	Path to alternate CA bundle.
--client-cert <path>	Path to SSL client certificate, a single file containing the private key and the certificate in PEM format.
--cache-dir <dir>	Store the cache data in <dir>.
--no-cache-dir	Disable the cache.
--disable-pip-version-check	Don't periodically check PyPI to determine whether a new version of pip is available for download. Implied with --no-index.
--no-color	Suppress colored output