Messenger:中文为信使,他可以在不同进程中传递的Message对象,只需要在Message中放入我们所传递的信息(数据)即可。Messenger的使用流程可见下图:
1.创建服务端Service来处理Client的连接请求,同事创建一个Handler,通过他创建Messenger对象,然后在onBinder()方法中返回,具体操作如下:
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.Message;
import android.os.Messenger;
import android.util.Log;
public class MsgService extends Service {
public static final String TAG="MsgService";
private static class MessengerHandler extends Handler{
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
switch (msg.what){
case 0:
Log.i(TAG,"收到客户端发过来的消息:"+msg.getData().getString("msg"));
break;
default:
}
super.handleMessage(msg);
}
}
private final Messenger mMessenger=new Messenger(new MessengerHandler());
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
return mMessenger.getBinder();
}
}
当然还有一步就是在清单文件注册Service,如下:
<service
android:name=".MsgService"
android:process=":remote"/>
然后,就是Client端发送信息,首先客服端要绑定Service,其次绑定成功后,根据服务端返回的Binder对象创建Messenger对象并使用此对象发送消息,具体如下:
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.Message;
import android.os.Messenger;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
public class MsgActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private Messenger mServcie;
private ServiceConnection mConnect=new ServiceConnection() {
@Override
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
mServcie=new Messenger(service);
Message msg=Message.obtain(null,0);
Bundle bundle=new Bundle();
bundle.putString("msg","你好,这里客户中心,你那边是服务中心吗?");
msg.setData(bundle);
try {
mServcie.send(msg);
} catch (RemoteException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
}
};
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
Intent intent=new Intent(this,MsgService.class);
bindService(intent,mConnect,Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
unbindService(mConnect);
super.onDestroy();
}
}
上面演示了客户端向服务端的信息传递,然而客户端发送信息后,服务端没有返回任何信息,下面做下小小改动让服务端接收到客户端的信息后,做出反应。
package com.example.app2;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.Message;
import android.os.Messenger;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.util.Log;
public class MsgService extends Service {
public static final String TAG="MsgService";
private static class MessengerHandler extends Handler{
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
switch (msg.what){
case 0:
Log.i(TAG,"收到客户端发过来的消息:"+msg.getData().getString("msg"));
Messenger messenger=msg.replyTo;
Message msgReply=Message.obtain(null,1);
Bundle bundle=new Bundle();
bundle.putString("reply","嗯,你好,这里是服务中心,请说");
msgReply.setData(bundle);
try {
messenger.send(msgReply);
} catch (RemoteException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
break;
default:
}
super.handleMessage(msg);
}
}
private final Messenger mMessenger=new Messenger(new MessengerHandler());
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
return mMessenger.getBinder();
}
}
为了接收客户端的修改,客户端需要创建一个接受服务端消息的Messenger和Handler,具体如下:
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.Message;
import android.os.Messenger;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
public class MsgActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private Messenger mServcie;
/**
* 用于处理服务端回应的消息
*/
private static class MessengerHandler extends Handler{
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
switch (msg.what){
case 1:
Log.i("MsgActivity","来自服务端的回应:"+msg.getData().getString("reply"));
break;
default:
}
super.handleMessage(msg);
}
}
private Messenger mReplyMessenger=new Messenger(new MessengerHandler());
private ServiceConnection mConnect=new ServiceConnection() {
@Override
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
mServcie=new Messenger(service);
Message msg=Message.obtain(null,0);
Bundle bundle=new Bundle();
bundle.putString("msg","你好,这里客户中心,你那边是服务中心吗?");
msg.setData(bundle);
//接收服务端消息必须加这一句
msg.replyTo=mReplyMessenger;
try {
mServcie.send(msg);
} catch (RemoteException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
}
};
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
Intent intent=new Intent(this,MsgService.class);
bindService(intent,mConnect,Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
unbindService(mConnect);
super.onDestroy();
}
}
参考资料:
Android开发艺术探索